Anatomy of Midbrain and pons
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well describes the external and internal anatomy of upper brain stem. slide also explain some lesion disorders of pons and midbrain.
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Anatomy of Midbrain and pons
- 1. Midbrain and Pons To MBBS 2nd year 26-02-2017 By Dr. Laxman Khanal Assistant professor, Department of anatomy
- 2. Identify the cranial nerves.
- 3. Identify this swelling in pons. Q. Trigeminal nerve has its nuclei in which part of brain stem? a.Midbrain b.Pons c. Medulla oblongata d.All of the above
- 4. Objectives • To review the anatomy of the upper brainstem • To develop a three-dimensional picture of the interior of the midbrain and pons. • To know the positions of cranial nerve nuclei and the paths of various ascending and descending nerve tracts. • To assess the signs and symptoms presented by a patient and identify the exact location of a structural lesion.
- 5. External feature of midbrain and pons- anterior view
- 6. External feature- posterior view Visible part: Tectum 1. Corpora quadrigemina 2. 4th CN Visible part: Tegmental part 1. Forms upper part of floor of 4th ventricle 2. Median sulcus 3. Medial eminence (facial colliculus) 4. Sulcus limitans
- 7. Pons: • Pontine branches • AICA • Sup cerebellar artery Midbrain: • Posterior cerebral artery • Superior cerebellar artery
- 8. Which sections are important?
- 10. How to study the cross section • Different level of cross sections should be differentiated by- 1. What is the CSF filled cavity ? 2. What are the cranial nerve nuclei? 3. What are the ascending tracts ? 4. What are the descending tracts?
- 11. Descending tract in brainstem Corticospinal fibers Corticonuclear fibers Corticopontocerebellar fibers
- 12. Ascending tract- #MSTL DC/Medial lemniscus Spinal lemniscus Trigeminal lemniscus Lateral lemniscus Spinal lemniscus 1. Anterior spinothalamic tract 2. Lateral spinothalamic tract 3. Spinotectal tract Medial longitudinal fasciculus
- 13. @ Trigeminal nerve @ Facial colliculus
- 14. 66 7 Trapezoid body MLF Tegmentum Basal part Pontine nuclei Transverse pontine fibers (pontocerebellar fibers) Corticospinal and corticonuclear fibers Superior and inferior cerebellar peduncle MSTL Medial L Spinal L Trigeminal L Lateral L 7 FC
- 15. TS – lower pons
- 16. TS – upper pons Cranial nerve nuclei Main sensory nucleus of Vth nerve Motor nucleus of Vth nerve No inferior cerebellar peduncle
- 17. Millard-Gubler syndrome: #P67 Ventral pontine syndrome • Ipsilateral medial squint • Ipsilateral facial palsy • Contralateral hemiplegia Most common tumor of brainstem Astrocytoma of pons
- 19. S1. Tectum 2. Cerebral peduncle Tegmentum Crus cerebri Interpeduncular fossa Parkinson’s disease Substantia nigra
- 21. Crus cerebri (motor zone) • Contains descending fibers 1. Up to pons- FP+TP 2. Up to motor nuclei of CNs- CN 3. Up to spinal cord- CS FP TP CS CN Pontine nucleus Crossing of rubrospinal tract Mesencephalic nucleus MLF MSTL MST Crossing of sup cerebellar peduncle To cerebellum S
- 24. Blockage of cerebral aqueduct Weber syndrome 1. Crus cerebri 2. Oculomotor nerve # COW Benedict syndrome 1. Red nucleus 2. ML 3. Oculomotor nerve