hi friend

2. NAME
BATCH
COURSE
ASSESSOR
YEAR
:
:
:
:
:
KATTA NAVEEN
M2
HTCS
2016 - 2017

4. First and foremost i offer my sincerest gratitude to my
almighty . next I thank my parents for the constant
support and encouragement without whom it was
impossible for me to complete my presentation . then I
humbly acknowledge the assistance of all frankfinn staff
especially my mentor MS. who showed me the
perfect way to learn travel industries . Last but not the
least I am great full to all my friends & well-wishers who
helped me in all the possible aspects.

5. DUBAI SINGAPORE

7. Dubai is the most populous city in the United
Arab Emirates(UAE). It is located on the
southeast coast of the Persian Gulf and is the
capital of the Emirate of Dubai, one of the
seven emirates that make up the country. Abu
Dhabi and Dubai are the only two emirates to
have veto power over critical matters of
national importance in the country‘s
legislature. The city of Dubai is located on the
emirate's northern coastline and heads up
the Dubai-Sharjah-Ajman metropolitan area.
Dubai is to host World Expo 2020.

8.  Although stone tools have been found at many archaeological sites,
little is known about the UAE's early inhabitants as only a few settlements
have been found. Many ancient towns in the area were trading centres
between the Eastern and Western worlds. The remnants of an
ancient mangrove swamp, dated at 7000 BC, were discovered during the
construction of sewer lines near Dubai Internet City. The area was covered
with sand about 5,000 years ago as the coast retreated inland, becoming
part of the city's present coastline. Pre-Islamic ceramics have been found
from the 3rd and 4th centuries. Prior to the introduction of Islam to the
area, the people in this region worshiped Bajir(or Bajar). After the spread
of Islam in the region, the Umayyad Caliph of the eastern Islamic world
invaded south-east Arabia and drove out the Sassanians. Excavations by
the Dubai Museum in the region of Al-Jumayra (Jumeirah) found several
artefacts from the Umayyad period.
 The earliest recorded mention of Dubai is in 1095 in the Book of
Geography by the Andalusian-Arab geographer Abu Abdullah al-
Bakri. The Venetian pearl merchant Gaspero Balbi visited the area in 1580
and mentioned Dubai (Dibei) for its pearlingindustry.

10.  Burj Dubai before its inauguration, is a megatall
skyscraper in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It is
the tallest structure in the world, standing at
829.8 m (2,722 ft).
 Construction of the Burj Khalifa began in 2004,
with the exterior completed 5 years later in 2009
 The building was opened in 2010 as part of a new
development called Downtown Dubai.
 The building broke numerous height records,
including its designation as the tallest tower in the
world.
 Dubai borrowed at least $80 billion for
construction projects.

11.  Burj ai arab is a hotel located in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It is
the fourth tallest hotel in the world; however, 39% of its total height
is made up of non-occupiable space.
 Burj Al Arab stands on an artificial island 280 m (920 ft)
from Jumeirah beach and is connected to the mainland by a private
curving bridge. The shape of the structure is designed to mimic the
sail of a ship. It has a helipad near the roof at a height of 210 m
(689 ft) above ground.
 The old name persisted after the old Hotel was
demolished in 1997.
 It was built to resemble the billowing spinnaker
sail of a J-class yacht.

12.  Palm Islands are three artificial islands, Palm
Jumeirah, Deira Island and Palm Jebel Ali, on the coast
of Dubai, United Arab Emirates. As of November 2014,
only Palm Jumeirah has been completed.
 This island takes the form of a palm tree, topped by
a crescent. After completion, Palm Jebel Ali will take a
similar shape; each island will be host to a large
number of residential, leisure and entertainment
centers and will add a total of 520 kilometers of non-
public beaches to the city of Dubai.
 The creation of the Palm Islands began in June
2001. Shortly after, the Palm Islands was announced
and reclamation work began. This island was meant
to be a bigger island, but it was later downsized.

13. The museum was opened by the ruler of Dubai in
1971, with the aim of presenting the traditional way
of life in the Emirate of Dubai. When entering, one
can see the fort constructed and the various
displays that go along with it. From the fort, there is
a path to the galleries, which display the general
culture of the land, especially in the 1800s. It
includes local antiquities as well as artifacts from
African and Asian countries that traded with Dubai.
It also includes several dioramas showing life in the
emirate before the advent of oil, in addition to
artifacts from recent discoveries as old as 3000 BC.
In 2007, Dubai Museum welcomed 1,800 visitors
daily, with a yearly total of 611,840. In March 2008,
the Museum had 80,000 visitors. The most popular
times are from August to April. The Museum
received over 1 Million Visitors in the year 2013.

14.  Jumeira Beach is a white sand beach that is located and named after the Jumeirah district
of Dubai, on the coast of the Persian Gulf.
 It stretches along the coast south of the city's historic district to the junction with The Palm
Jumeirah and terminates between the southern end of the Jumeirah Beach Residence (adjacent
to the Dubai Marina district) and the port facilities at Jebel Ali.
 The adjacent districts to the beach include Jumeirah (1, 2, & 3); Umm Suqeim (1, 2, & 3); and
Al Sufouh, though colloqually, this entire string of neighborhoods and districts from the southern
edge of Kerama to the terminus of the Palm Jumeirah at Knowledge Village is sometimes referred
to as the "Jumeirah Beach Road" area.
 The beach and its frontage feature large hotels, resorts, and housing developments, including
the Burj Al Arab (Arab Tower) hotel, Wild Wadi Water Park, Jumeirah Beach Hotel, and the old-
style Madinat Jumeirah, a hotel and shopping complex.

16.  Kingdom of Singapura rose in importance during the 14th century under the rule of Sultan Iskandar
Shah and Singapore became an important port, until it was invaded by the Majapahit in 1398.
It then came under the Malacca Sultanate and then the Johor Sultanate. Modern Singapore
was founded in 1819, when Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles negotiated a treaty whereby Johor allowed the
British to found a trading port on the island.
 During World War II, Singapore was conquered and occupied by the Japanese Empire from 1942 to
1945. When the war ended, Singapore reverted to British control, with increasing levels of self-
government being granted, culminating in Singapore's mergerwith the Federation of Malaya to
form Malaysia in 1963. But social unrest and disputes between Singapore's ruling People's Action
Party and Malaysia's Alliance Party resulted in Singapore's expulsion from Malaysia. Singapore became an
independent republic on August 9, 1965.
 Facing severe unemployment and a housing crisis, Singapore embarked on a modernization
programme beginning in the late 1960s through the 1970s that focused on establishing a manufacturing
industry, developing large public housing estates and investing heavily on public education.

17. SENTOSA
UNIVERSAL STUDIOS SINGAPORE
SINGAPORE FLYER
NIGHT SAFARI
TIGER SKY TOWER

18. SENTOSA
Sentosa is a popular island resort in Singapore,
visited by some twenty million people a year.
 Attractions include a 2 km (1.2 mi) long
sheltered beach, Fort Siloso, two golf courses,
the Merlion, 14 hotels, and the Resorts World
Sentosa, featuring the theme park Universal
Studios Singapore.
 Sentosa was formerly known as Pulau Belakang
Mati which in Malaymeans the "Island of Death
from Behind".

19.  It was a key component of Gentian's bid for the right to build
Singapore's second integrated resort. On 8 December 2006, the
Singapore government announced that the consortium had won the
bid.
 Construction of the theme park and the rest of the resort started
on 19 April 2007. It is the second Universal Studios theme park to
open in Asia (Japan being the first), and the first in Southeast Asia.
 The official plans for the park were unveiled to the public when
Universal Studios Singapore released a park map to the public on 20
October 2009. Universal Studios Singapore has since attracted more
than 2 million visitors in the 9 months from its opening.
Universal Parks & Resorts markets the park as a "one-of-its-kind
theme park in Asia" and promises that the park will be the only one
of its kind in Southeast Asia for the next 30 years.

20.  The Singapore Flyer is a giant Ferris
wheel in Singapore. Described by its operators as
an observation wheel,it opened in 2008, construction
having taken about 2½ years. It carried its first paying
passengers on 11 February, opened to the public on 1
March, and was officially opened on 15 April. It has 28
air-conditioned capsules, each able to accommodate 28
passengers, and incorporates a three-storey terminal
building.
The Flyer has an overall height of 165 meters (541 ft)
and was the world's tallest Ferris wheel until the 167.6 m
(550 ft) High Roller, which is 2.6 m (9 ft) taller than the
Flyer, opened on the Las Vegas Strip in Nevada, US, on
31 March 2014. The previous record holder, the Star of
Nanchang, in Jiangxi, China, is 160 m (525 ft) tall,
although its 153 m (502 ft) diameter wheel is larger than
the Flyer's 150 m (492 ft) wheel.

21. Night Safari is the world's first nocturnal zoo and is
one of the most popular tourist attractions in
Singapore.
The concept of a nocturnal park in Singapore was
suggested in the 1980s by the former executive
chairman of the Singapore Zoo, Dr Ong Swee Law.
Constructed at a cost of S$63 million, the Night
Safari was officially opened on 26 May 1994 and
occupies 35 hectares (86 acres) of
secondary rainforest adjacent to the Singapore
Zoo and Upper Seletar Reservoir.
The Night Safari currently houses over 2,500
animals representing over 130 species, of which
38% are threatened species. The Night Safari is
managed by Wildlife Reserves Singapore, and about
1.1 million visitors visit the safari per year. The Night
Safari received its 11 millionth visitor on 29 May
2007.

22.  Tiger Sky Tower, previously known as Carlsberg Sky
Tower, is the highest observation tower in Singapore.
 It is located in the Imbiah Lookout zone in the centre
of Sentosa Island.
 The tower has a height of 110 meters (360 ft) above
ground level, or about 36 floors tall — and an elevation of
131 meters' (430 ft) above sea level.
 The tower was completed in 2004, and is owned by C.
Melchers GmbH & Co.

23. (A)

24.  Citizens of the countries listed above can obtain a visa upon arrival for 30 days from the
date of entry with their normal passports.
 The visa is extendable and the total validity, if extended, would be 60 days from the
date of entry.
 Passports should be normal and valid for more than six months.
 This visa is considered a multi-entry visa, which allows the visa holder to consume the
30-day visa validity regardless of whether the visa holder is inside or outside the UAE.
 Any number of days the visa holder stays outside the UAE would be calculated from
the 40-day validity of the visa.
 Visitors can contact the AMER service call centre at 8005111 to check the validity of
their visas.

27.  Visitors to Singapore can either enter the country without a visa or in some cases they
must first obtain a visa. Citizens of almost 80% of the world's countries may travel to
Singapore for a period of 30 days or 90 days without a visa, depending on their
nationality. Countries requiring visas are categorized into countries eligible to apply for
an electronic visa and countries whose citizens need a visa vignette.
All visitors to Singapore must:
 hold a passport or a travel document valid for more than 6 months at the time of
departure,
hold an onward or return ticket,
have sufficient funds to stay in Singapore,
have entry documents (including a visa) to their next destination, if required,
have a completed Disembarkation/Embarkation Card, and,
have a visa and/or a yellow fever vaccination certificate for entry into Singapore (if
applicable)

29. Tour two of the United Arab Emirates on this six-day tour of Dubai and Abu Dhabi. Begin
your exclusive excursion with day trips through Dubai. Take in both contemporary and
historic sites, from the world’s tallest tower to a history museum housed in an ancient
fort. Roam the desert on four wheels and by camel, take in a blazing sunset over the
Arabian sand dunes and enjoy a Bedouin barbeque under the stars. Round off your trip in
the extravagant metropolis of Abu Dhabi. Revel in modern feats of architecture that seem
to defy logic and gravity. Visit the magnificent Sheikh Zayed Mosque, Yas Marina Circuit
and Ferrari World, among many other famous and fascinating sites.
Discover Dubai on a half-day tour of the city and visit such famous landmarks as the Gold Souk.
Take in the splendor of a true Arabian sunset after a safari through the desert sands.
Explore one of the world’s most affluent cities, Abu Dhabi, and take in such magnificent sights
as the Sheikh Zayed Mosque.

30. Day 1 :
Upon your arrival at Dubai’s decadent International Airport, a friendly driver will be waiting to welcome
you and escort you to the lavish Armani Hotel Dubai, situated in the heart of downtown Dubai. Take in
sweeping views of the city from the world’s largest tower and relish in the exquisite luxury of your
decadently-decorated suite, designed by Giorgio Armani, himself. Enjoy the hotel grounds or venture into
the city for some shopping and dinner. The world’s largest mall, along with exclusive leisure and business
outlets, are all within walking distance.
Day 2 :
Wake when you wish and enjoy a leisurely morning on your first full day in the city. Following lunch, begin
your half-day Dubai tour. You will be chauffeured about with your personal tour director who will take you
on a whirlwind excursion through this decadent metropolis. Gain insight into the region’s history with a
visit to sights like the old Fahidi Fort, now home to the Dubai History Museum. Make a stop at Dubai’s
most famous landmark, the Gold Souk, before enjoying another evening at the hotel.

31. Day 3 :
After the guided tour on day two, your curiosity will certainly be piqued. The morning is yours to
discover Dubai at your leisure. Of course, you may choose to relax in preparation for the action-
packed afternoon ahead. In the late afternoon, take a safari trip through the desert of golden
sand dunes and witness a true Arabian sunset. You will also have the opportunity to enjoy a
camel ride at dusk. The safari will take you to a Bedouin campground. Here, beneath the stars,
atop Persian rugs, enjoy a barbeque dinner prepared over open flame. Check in and spend the
night at the One & Only Royal Mirage Hotel.
Day 4 :
Transfer to the Yas Viceroy Hotel today and experience luxury beyond 5-stars. Pamper yourself
at the ESPA spa, have a dip in the infinity pool and take your pick from one of the hotel’s
twelve restaurants, serving up a range of Asian, Italian, Mediterranean and Japanese cuisines.

32. Day 5 :
Today you will explore Abu Dhabi on a half-day, privately-guided city tour. The largest
of the seven emirates, the city is one of the richest in the world. The large gardens,
parks and lush green boulevards do their best to deceive visitors into believing they
are anywhere but the desert. Visit the majestic Sheikh Zayed Mosque, Yas Marina
Circuit and Ferrari World. The evening is yours to enjoy.
Day 6 :
Enjoy your last morning in Abu Dhabi, and wish the UAE farewell before being
transferred back to the Dubai International Airport for the next leg of your travels.
Armani Hotel Dubai
ABU DHABI
Yas Viceroy Hotel
Armani Hotel Dubai
ABU DHABI
Yas Viceroy Hotel
Armani Hotel Dubai
ABU DHABI
Yas Viceroy Hotel
Armani Hotel Dubai
ABU DHABI
Yas Viceroy Hotel

35. For a country just two-thirds the size of New York
City, Singapore packs punch, offering an array of
entertainment, shopping and dining options up
with the world’s best. Add a super-efficient (not
to mention economical) transport system, and it’s
possible to visit most of Singapore’s top sights and
key neighborhoods in a single day. With a day to
play with, you can sample the best of what’s on
offer. Grab your water bottle and umbrella (for
rain or shine) and dive into the Lion City.

36. Morning :
Get up early for breakfast with the locals in ever-so-trendy Tiong Bahru; a 1930s housing estate reveling in
its unofficial status as Singapore’s hippest hood. Nab a seat on the second floor of the Tiong Bahru Food
Centre and order a typical ‘breakfast set’: a dash of soy sauce and white pepper on eggs and a smear
of kaya (coconut egg jam) on toast, washed down with a traditional kopi (coffee). If a Western breakfast is
more your style, head to Forty Hands; its legendary coffee and ‘big boy breakfast’ will fill you right up.
Once fueled, explore the wet markets where shop ‘uncles’ and ‘aunties’ sell an eye-popping array of
tropical fruits, meats and famous Singapore orchids.
If you’re hankering for another caffeine hit or need a mid-morning snack, duck into Tiong Bahru Bakery,
where the fresh croissants and kouign amman are a must-try, before jumping on the MRT (metro)
to Gardens by the Bay, the blossoming centrepiece of this garden city. Arrive early to beat the crowds
and experience the heights of the OCBC Skyway and the Cooled Conservatories (both open at 9am),
both well worth the ticket price. Outside, the Heritage Garden takes you through the history and
culture of Singapore’s three main ethnic groups and colonial past via a range of interactive exhibits.

37. Afternoon :
For a quick rundown on Singapore’s vibrant history, stop by the National Museum. Like Singapore
itself, it’s well organized – take in the ‘700 Years of Singapore’ exhibit while admiring the building in
which it is housed. Kids (young and old) will love the nearby Mint Toy Museum, packed with vintage
toys from over 40 countries.
Feeling peckish? Enjoy a foodie staple of Singapore’s Indian community and order a roti prata from
any of the colourful shophouses lining the streets of Little India, another short MRT ride away. Grab
a cold beer (or fresh coconut water) and drink in the vibrant atmosphere while mopping up curry
sauce with freshly-made buttery flatbread. Fingers licked, head off to explore the laneways
brimming with spices, fabrics, oils, medicines and the odd fortune teller. The Sri Veeramakaliamman
Temple will give you a glimpse of Hindu rituals.
If the bright lights of the Orchard Road shopping strip beckon, make sure to drop by Keepers
(keepers.com.sg); stocked with wares by Singaporean designers and artisans this is the perfect place to
find something uniquely Singaporean. Street level is ideal for strolling and people-watching – be
warned that if you enter the underground shopping labyrinth of ION Orchard, you may need a GPS to
find your way to the surface again. Alternately, wander south from Little India until you hit boutique-
lined Kampong Glam hot spot Haji Lane.

38. Evening :
As the sun sets and temperature drops, head to a rooftop bar to watch the Singapore skyline
light up. For a bird’s-eye-view, perch on the balcony at Ku De Ta, housed on the top of the
famous Marina Bay Sands Hotel, or head to Lantern at the Fullerton Bay Hotel for a front-row
seat to Wonder Full, Southeast Asia’s largest light and water show (8pm and 9.30pm daily;
11pm Fri and Sat).
Once you’ve squandered your savings on your drink bill (alcohol is notoriously expensive in
Singapore, and even more so at ritzier bars), it’s time to search out another famous
Singaporean cuisine – sate. By night, city worker’s lunch spot Lau Pa Sat morphs into a
giant bustling outdoor barbecue party every night from 7pm with the wafts of grilling
meats enticing diners from near and far. Each stall offers up its own unique flavours, so
order a few sate sticks from one and then move on to the next.

39. All goods imported into Singapore are regulated under the Customs Act, the Goods and Services Tax (GST)
Act and the Regulation of Imports and Exports Act.
Imported goods are subject to GST and/or duty payment. A Customs permit is required to account for the
import and tax payment of the goods.
Dutiable goods, which incur both GST and duty, are:
Intoxicating liquors
Tobacco products
Motor vehicles
Petroleum products
Ad valorem or specific duty rates may be applied for dutiable goods.
All other goods are non-dutiable and incur GST only. GST is levied at 7% of the CIF (cost, insurance and
freight) value, which includes duties (if it is a dutiable good) and other charges, costs and expenses
incidental to the sale and delivery of the goods into Singapore, whether or not shown on the invoice.
Find out more about duties and GST.
Import Procedures

40. Import Requirements :
Before the actual importation, the importer is required to obtain a Customs permit.
The importer is the party who imports the goods into Singapore:
For their own account or use; or
For the account or use of some other person
If an overseas company sold goods to a local company and the commercial invoice indicates the local
customer as the consignee, the local customer will be the importer of the goods.
More information here about the types of Customs permits and situations where no Customs permit is
required.
Taxable companies should also check with the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS) on the
arrangements to account for the GST.

44. IATA was founded in Havana, Cuba, in April 1945. It is the prime vehicle
for inter-airline cooperation in promoting safe, reliable, secure and air
services - for the benefit of the world's consumers.
The international scheduled air transport industry is more than 100 times
larger than it was in 1945. Few industries can match the dynamism of that
growth, which would have been much less spectacular without the
standards, practices and procedures developed within IATA.
At its founding, IATA had 57 members from 31 nations, mostly in
Europe and North America. Today it has some 265 members from
117 nations in every part of the globe.
IATA was founded in Havana, Cuba, in April 1945. It is the
prime vehicle for inter-airline cooperation in promoting safe,
reliable, secure and air services - for the benefit of the world's
consumers.
 The international scheduled air transport industry is more
than 100 times larger than it was in 1945. Few industries can
match the dynamism of that growth, which would have been
much less spectacular without the standards, practices
and procedures developed within IATA.
 At its founding, IATA had 57 members from 31 nations,
mostly in Europe and North America. Today it has some 265
members from 117 nations in every part of the globe.

45. The first worldwide Traffic Conference was held in Rio de Janeiro in 1947.
It reached unanimous agreement on nearly 400 resolutions covering all
aspects of air travel.
 This was reflected in the 1945 Articles of Association and a much more
precise definition of IATA's aims than had existed before 1939.
The most important tasks of IATA during its earliest days were technical,
because safety and reliability are fundamental to airline operations.
The IATA airlines provided vital input to the work of ICAO, as that
organization drafted its Standards and commended Practices.
`By 1949, the drafting process was largely complete and reflected in
"Annexes" to the Chicago convention, the treaty which still governs the
conduct of international civil aviation.

46. International Air Transport Association
Abbreviation IATA
Formation 19 April 1945; 71 years ago in Havana, Cuba
Type International trade association
Headquarters 800, Place Victoria (rue Gauvin), Montreal, Canada
Coordinates 45.5006°N 73.5617°W
Membership 268 airlines (2016)
DG and CEO Alexandre de Juniac

48.  The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a UN specialized agency, established
by States in 1944 to manage the administration and governance of the Convention on
International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention).
 ICAO works with the Convention’s 191 Member States and industry groups to reach
consensus on international civil aviation Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) and
policies in support of a safe, efficient, secure, economically sustainable and environmentally
responsible civil aviation sector.
 These SARPs and policies are used by ICAO Member States to ensure that their local civil
aviation operations and regulations conform to global norms, which in turn permits more
than 100,000 daily flights in aviation’s global network to operate safely and reliably in every
region of the world.
 ICAO also coordinates assistance and capacity building for States in support of numerous
aviation development objectives

49. AVIATION SAFETY
Aviation safety is a key objective ICAO and is part of the work in
the following sections and Programmes :
Aerodromes , Air Routes and Ground Aids (AGA)section
Accident Investigation and Prevention(AIG)section
Flight Safety(FLS)Section
Aviation Medicine(MED)Section
Flight Safety and Human Factors
Safety Management
Flight Safety Information Exchange(FSIX)

50. International Civil Aviation Organization
International Civil Aviation Organization
Organisation de l'aviation civile internationale (French)
ICAO flag
Abbreviation ICAO
OACI
ИКАО
国际民航组织
‫إيكاو‬
Formation 4 April 1947
Type UN specialized agency
Legal status Active
Headquarters Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Head Fang Liu
Secretary General

52. o In the 1960s at the dawn of mass tourism, a few tourism professionals with great foresight saw the
need of a global umbrella Organization for the travel agency industry. By merger of Federation
internationale des agences de voyages (FIAV) and Universal Organization of Travel Agents' Associations
(UOTAA), the Universal Federation of Travel Agents ‘Associations (UFTAA) was formed on November
22nd 1966 in Rome.
o Its first President was an Italian, Giuliano Magnoni, later followed by 24 leading personalities from
all parts of the world. The federation was later renamed United Federation of Travel Agents´
Associations, still known under the same well-established acronym UFTAA.
o As a globally recognized body UFTAA is the longest established negotiating partner with the
leading travel and tourism organizations in the world.
o In the competitive environment of today a neutral umbrella organization like UFTAA is needed
more than ever before to defend and promote the interests of travel agencies in their professional
work on behalf and for the travelling consumers.

53. Activities
 To unite and consolidate the federations of Travel Agents National Associations and to globally
enhance the interests of their members
 To represent the travel agents activities before various world-wide bodies, governmental
authorities and suppliers
 To Work towards the adoption of measures that will ease travel for the consumer and to offer
services to its member federations
 To be an investigation and information centre supporting the member federation work and to
offer information for technological development
 To offer, as a voluntary mechanism, an arbitration service which assists in solving conflicts resulting
from commercial relation for which amicable settlement cannot be reached

55.  Warsaw Convention Bureau Was started in October 12, 1929.
 IT is the first international convention pertaining to liability in international air
transportation, the Convention prescribes rules for air carries liability in case of death or
injury to passengers, destruction, loss or damage to baggage, and losses resulting from
delay of passengers, baggage and cargo.
 Liability limits set by the Convention were raised in 1955 by the Hague protocol to
Warsaw Convention.
 Some Parties to the Warsaw Convention have not ratified the Hague protocol, Which
amended Convention. the U.S. ratified the Warsaw Convention on July 31,1934
 250,000 Francs or 16,600 special drawing rights (SDR) for personal injury;
17 SDR per kilogram (pound) for checked luggage and cargo, or US$20 per kilogram
(pound) for non-signatories of the amended Montreal Convention;
5,000 Francs or 332 SDR for the hand luggage of a Traveller.

56. Warsaw Convention
Convention for the Unification of certain rules relating to international carriage by air
Signed 12 October 1929
Location Warsaw
Effective 13 February 1933
Parties 152
Depositary Government of Poland
Language French

58. • Founded in 1951, the Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA) is a not-for profit association
that is internationally acclaimed for acting as a catalyst for the responsible development of
travel and tourism to, from and within the Asia Pacific region.
• The Association provides aligned advocacy, insightful research and innovative events to its
member organizations, comprising 95 government, state and city tourism bodies, 29
international airlines, airports and cruise lines, 63 educational institutions, and hundreds of
travel industry companies in Asia Pacific and beyond.
• In partnership with private and public sector members, PATA enhances the sustainable growth, value
and quality of travel and tourism to-from-and-within, the region.
• The Association provides leadership and counsel on an individual and collective basis to its
member organizations, comprising 95 government, state and city tourism bodies, nearly 29
international airlines, airports and cruise lines, 63 educational institutions, and hundreds of
travel industry companies in Asia Pacific and beyond.

59.  PATA’s Strategic Intelligence Centre (SIC) offers unrivalled data and insights including Asia
Pacific inbound and outbound statistics, analyses and forecasts as well as in-depth reports on
strategic tourism markets.
 PATA’s events create millions of dollars of new business each year for its members.
 Thousands of travel professionals belong to 43 active PATA chapters worldwide and
participate in a wide range of PATA and industry events.
 The PATA Foundation contributes to the sustainable and responsible development of travel
and tourism in Asia Pacific through the protection of the environment, the conservation of
heritage and support for education.
ACTIVITIES
1. To capture the attention of air travel industry for the development pacific area.
2. To change pacific area as famous tourists destinations.

61.  The Convention on International Civil Aviation, also known as the Chicago Convention, established
the International Civil Aviation Organization(ICAO), a specialized agency of the UN charged with
coordinating and regulating international air travel.
 The Convention establishes rules of airspace, aircraft registration and safety, and details the rights
of the signatories in relation to air travel. The Convention also exempts air fuels in transit from
(double) taxation.
 The document was signed on December 7, 1944 in Chicago by 52 signatory states. It received the
requisite 26th ratification on March 5, 1947 and went into effect on April 4, 1947, the same date that
ICAO came into being.
 In October of the same year, ICAO became a specialized agency of the United Nations Economic and
Social Council (ECOSOC). The Convention has since been revised eight times (in 1959, 1963, 1969,
1975, 1980, 1997, 2000 and 2006).

62. Chicago Convention
Convention on International Civil Aviation
Signature of the Chicago Convention
Signed 7 December 1944
Location Chicago
Effective 4 April 1947
Condition 26 ratifications
Parties 191 (Cook Islands as well as all United Nations
members except Liechtenstein, Dominica, and Tuvalu)
Depositary Government of the United States of America
Languages English, French, Spanish and