Printing of Cotton Fabric with Reactive Dyes, ( Screen printing, Block printing ect)

1. Printing of Cotton Fabric with Reactive Dyes
Name of the experiment: Printing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes (Block & Flat bed screen printing ).
Introduction:
By the term textile printing we mean the localized application ofdyes or pigmentand chemical byany method,which
can produce particular effect of color on the fabric according to the design.In this practical we print cotton fabric with
cold brand reactive dyes in block and screen-printing methods in combination method.Block printing method is the
oldestprinting method.It is used mostlyin sarees,handkerchiefs etc.in this printing method we use blocks of
different designs.In screen printing a very little screen made by glass fibre is used.There are types of screen-
printing,but we have done in our experimentwas hand screen-printing.Handscreen-printing is mostlyused for
sarees to 14-16 colors in on pattern can be produced ata time.
Style of printing:
Direct style.
Method of printing:
Block and screen-printing method.
Sample:
One piece of square size bleached,scoured cotton fabric (small) and one piece of square size bleached,scoured
cotton fabric (bigger)
Recipe:
Dyes = 4gm
Urea = 10gm
Thickener = 50gm
Resistsalt=1gm
Soda ash=6gm
Additional water = as required.
Preparation of thickener:
1) 16 gm of starch and 200cc water are taken in bowl.
2) Heat is applied and solution is stirred continuouslyuntil a thick viscose solution is obtained.
3) By continuous stirring and boiling a specific viscosityis obtained.
4) The heat application is stopped otherwise viscosityfalls down.So temperature is maintained strictly.
Preparation of printing paste:
1) At firstwe take required amountofdyestuffs in a bath.
2) Then little amountof water is added into the bath for mixing these dyes. And startstirring for mixing the three types
of dye.
3) Then required amountofurea is added into the dye bath.
4) After then required amountof thickener is added
5) Then continuous stirring is done for few minutes for mixing all the ingredients ofprintpaste.
6) After mixing finally required amountofalkali is added to the dye bath and mix them with the help of stirring.
Printing process:
Block printing method:

2. 1) The fabric which will be printed is placed on the printing table.
2) The printing paste is puton the tray box.
3) The block is selected and it is touched with print paste.
4) Then block is pressed upon the sample fabric.
5) After pressing the block on the sample fabric the block is put off from the fabric.
6) Finally we get the printed fabric of required dyes.
Screen-printing method:
1) The fabric is placed on the printing table of flat screen-printing machine.The table is made of soft by laying on it.
2) Then the screen is placed on the sample fabric.
3) The printing paste is taken on the screen perforation.
4) Thus we can find the printed fabric with a smooth wooden strike the paste is spread over the screen with slight
pressure.
5) So that the dye particles can penetrate through the screen perforation.
6) Thus we get printed fabric.
After treatment:
The printed fabric is steamed for 5-10 minutes in a cottages steamer and washed with cold water for removing
unfixed dye and exhausted thickener and then dried.
Conclusion:
Printing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes has excellentbuild up property and maximum fixation. Shade is also bright.
By this experimentwe have acquire knowledge aboutprocess ofprinting cotton fibres with cold brand reactive dyes
in combination shade.The shade of printed fabric is moderatelygood,as we required.Special thanks to our teacher
and his assistants for grate cooperation.