A short presentation of the respiratory system

1. Lung
• By Nesha Radojevic
• Bio120
• Rashida Abdullah

2. What are your lungs?
• Your lungs are part of a
group of organs and
tissues that all work
together to make you
breathe. This system is
called the respiratory
system.

3. Where are your lungs?
• The human lungs line and enclose the
heart and great vessels in the chest cavity
above the diaphragm

4. What do they do?
• The main job of the lungs and respiratory system
is to move fresh air into and get waste gases out
of the body. A process called respiration

5. Respiration describes two
processes:
1. Internal or cellular respiration is the
process by which glucose or other small
molecules are oxidized to produce
energy: this requires oxygen and
generates carbon dioxide.
2. External respiration (breathing)
involves simply the stage of taking
oxygen from air and returning carbon
dioxide to it.

6. Non respiratory functions:
• alter the pH of blood
• filter out small blood clots formed in veins
• filter out gas micro-bubbles occurring in the
venous blood stream(exp. while scuba diving)
• influence the concentration of some biologic
substances and drugs used in medicine in
blood
• may serve as a layer of soft, shock-absorbent
protection for the heart, which they enclose
• protect the body from harmful substances by
coughing, sneezing, filtering or swallowing
them

7. • Inhalation
• When you breathe in, your diaphragm contracts (tightens) and
moves downward. This increases the space in your chest cavity and
lungs expand. The intercostal muscles contract to pull your rib cage
both upward and outward when you inhale. This allows you to suck
air trough your nose and mouth. It then goes down your windpipe
and into your lungs. This air is fresh and full of oxygen.
• Exhalation
• When you breathe out, your diaphragm relaxes and moves upward
into the chest cavity. The intercostal muscles also relax to make the
chest cavity smaller in size. As the chest cavity gets smaller, air rich
in carbon dioxide is forced out of your lungs and windpipe, and then
out of your nose and mouth. When you exercise, diaphragm goes
even more against your lungs. This pushes the air out faster.

8. This is how your breathing looks
like

9. Keep your lungs healthy
Taking good care of yourself every day
will help keep your lungs healthy
Practice good eating habits, like eating a well
balanced diet. Prepare your own food.
You will know what you eat!
– Learn what you can do
to prevent bacteria,
viruses, tobacco smoke
and air pollution from
causing harm.
– Practice Yoga regularly
– Get Massage Therapy
regularly
– Exercise, hike and play
sports for fun

10. Warning signs of lung
disease
• Cough that will not go away
• Shortness of breath
• Wheezing
Any of these may be signs of lung disease.
Learn more what you can do to prevent
this from happening. Consult a physician if
any of these signs persist.

11. Most common lung
diseases:
• Asthma is a chronic lung disease characterized by
inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a
term used for both emphysema and chronic bronchitis
• Pulmonary fibrosis is an interstitial lung disease
characterized by damage and scarring to the tissues
between the air sacs, inflammation of the air sacs, and
stiffening of the lungs
• Infections
• Lung cancer
• Pulmonary hypertension is a lung disorder
characterized by a narrowing of the blood vessels in the
lungs
• Pulmonary embolism is a blood clot that usually
originates in the veins of the legs or pelvis and travels to
the lungs where it blocks a blood vessel, causing chest
pain, acute shortness of breath, and coughing
• Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disease that affects the
lungs, pancreas, and other body systems. It is
characterized by salty sweat, the production of thick

12. Did you know?
• The right lung is slightly larger than the left
• The surface area of the lungs is roughly the same
size as a tennis court
• A sneeze travels faster than a cough ( 60 vs 100
miles an hour)
• A person at rest breathes about 12-15 times a
minute. That is at least 17,000 times a day and over
6,000.000 breaths a year
• Everyday, 15 Billion cigarettes are smoked worldwide
• More than 35 Million Americans have chronic lung
diseases.
• The lungs are the only organ in the body that can
float on water

13. Thank You