3. SEQUENCE
Introduction
Violence
Violence Against Women (VAW)
VAW Types
VAW Forms in Pakistan
Statistical Data
Province Wise Data
Effects on women
Reasons
Recommendations
References
4. INTRODUCTION
Violence against women and girls is a
huge challenge and an obstacle to
development across the world.
It has been recognized as an obstacle
to the achievement of the objectives
of equality, and peace.
5. No region, country or culture
in the world is free from
violence against women. It
can affect women of every
race, age, culture, faith,
nationality, profession and
financial situation.
6. More than a third of the world’s
women and girls have been beaten,
raped or sexually abused during
their lifetimes.
10. VAW is any act of gender–based
violence that results in, or is likely to
result in physical, sexual or
psychological harm or suffering to
women, including threats of such acts,
coercion or arbitrary deprivation of
liberty, whether occurring in public or
in private life (United Nations, 1993)
11. Simply put, violence against
women includes acts of aggression
experienced by women because of
their sex.
Such acts include physical
violence, sexual violence,
psychological violence and harmful
traditional practices
13. Physical Violence
Physical violence also referred
to as physical assault, is the
use of physical force with the
intent to cause bodily harm
and suffering to women e.g.
14. Being Pushed, shaken and having something
thrown a her
Being Slapped
Arm being twisted and or hair pulled
Being punched with fist or something that could
hurt
Being kicked, dragged out and beaten up
Attempts to choke her or burn her on purpose
Being threatened or attacked with a knife, gun,
acid or any other weapon
Being a victim of at least one of these acts.
15. Sexual violence is any form of non-
consensual or forced sexual
activity, which includes rape, incest
etc.
Physical force and/or the threat of
physical harm, including murder,
are often used to intimidate and
coerce women into having sex
without their consent.
SEXUAL VIOLENCE
16. PSYCHOLOGICAL VIOLENCE
This can also be referred to as emotional
violence. includes the use of verbal
abuse, threats, insults, humiliation, put-
downs and restriction of movement,
finance, work etc. These are referred to
as controlling behaviors. The commonest
site of psychological violence against
women is in intimate partner
relationships i.e. marriages, cohabitation,
courtships. e.g.
17. Said or did something to humiliate her in front of
others
Threatened to hurt or harm her or someone close
to her
Insulted her or made her feel bad about herself
Frequently accuses her of being unfaithful
Jealous or angr when she talks to other men
Tries to limit her contact with her family
19. HARMFUL TRADITIONAL
PRACTICES SUCH AS :
Low status of women
Male child preference
Honor Killing
Child marriage
Trafficking of women and girls for
exploitative labor and prostitution
Discriminatory laws
20. DOMESTIC ABUSE
Domestic abuse, also
known as spousal abuse,
occurs when one person in
marriage tries to dominate
and control the other
person.
21. DOMESTIC ABUSE
Domestic abuse that includes physical
violence is called domestic violence. This
can be towards wife, children, aids
Examples of Domestic violence
Beating
Sexual harassment
Rape
Incest
Verbal abuse
Threats
23. CONSTITUTION OF
PAKISTAN
All citizen are equal before law and are entitled to equal
protection of law
There shall be no discrimination on the basis of sex alone
No citizen otherwise qualified for appointment in the service of
Pakistan shall be discriminated against in respect of any such
appointment on the ground only of ... sex ...
Steps shall be taken to ensure full participation of
women in all spheres of national life.
The state shall protect the marriage, the family, the mother ...
The state shall ... [ensure] that ... women are not employed in
vocations unsuited to their sex....
(Constitution of Pakistan Articles 25, 27, 35, 37)
24. “No nation can rise to the height of glory unless your
women are side by side with you. We are victims of
evil customs. It is a crime against humanity that our
women are shut within the four walls of the houses
as prisoners… There is no sanction anywhere for the
deplorable condition in which our women have to
live.”
(Quaid-e-Azam)
25. VAW IN PAKISTAN
Violence against women in Pakistan takes many
forms.
The most serve forms of violence include ‘honor’
killings, rape, including marital rape, acid
attacks and stove burning by family members.
Domestic Violence
Harmful Traditional Practices i.e. Karo Kari,
Vani
30. Harmful Traditional Practices in
Pakistan are deeply rooted with “Jirga
System”
Jirgas are known by different names in
different provinces, with some
variations in their processes
Once a jirga has passed a verdict for
swara, vanni, sung chatti or other
issues, no appeal is possible against
the decision.
31. Karo-kari is a Sindhi expression for pre-
meditated ‘honour’ killing
Ghairat can be loosely translated as honor
Swara is a Pashto word denoting a child
marriage custom in tribal areas of Pakistan
and Afghanistan. This custom is tied to
blood feuds among different tribes and clans
where young girls are forcibly married to
members of different clans in order to
resolve the feuds. However, in reality the
practice is not limited to just child marriages.
32. Vanni is a child marriage custom in tribal areas of
Pakistan. Besides tribal areas, it is widely followed
in Punjab as well. This custom is tied to blood feuds
among different tribes and clans where young girls
are forcibly married to members of different clans in
order to resolve the feuds. Vanni could be avoided
if the clan of the girl agrees to pay money called
Diyat ( دیت.) Otherwise the young bride may spend
her life paying for the crime of her male relatives.
However, in reality the practice is not limited to just
child marriages.
Watta Satta is a tribal custom in Pakistan of
exchanging brides between two families.
36. Details show that the total number of reported
cases of VAW in Pakistan from 2011 to 2015 are
9395, 9999, 9185, 11557 and 13228
respectively.
The trend shows a gradual increase in reported
VAW crime from 2011 to 2015 except in the year
2013. Overall, a 34.2% increase can be
observed in 2015 as compared to 2011.
37. PROVINCE-WISE VAW
2015
According to the Punjab Gender Parity Report
2016 (PGPR) and Gender Management
Information System (MIS), 6,505 reported cases
of violence against women in 2015 were
registered in Punjab.
48. Violence against women is a complex social,
economic and cultural phenomenon but
responsible key factors and root cause are
Gender inequality and discrimination.
According to United Nations “Violence against
women and girls is not only a consequence of
gender inequality, but reinforces women’s low
status in society and the multiple disparities
between women and men”
49. ROOT CAUSES OF VIOLENCE
AGAINST WOMEN
All researches, theories and reports come to a
conclusion that reasons of “Violence Against
Women” is deeply rooted in;
Gender Inequality
Gender Discrimination
Low Status of women in
society
Male Dominant society
50. Any form of violence
against women can have
physical, social,
psychological effects on
women, in both long and
short term which results in
serious consequences
54. HEALTH CONCEQUENCES
Headaches, back pain, abdominal pain
Gastrointestinal disorders
Limited mobility and poor overall health
(sometimes, these can have fatal results)
Intimate partner and sexual violence can lead to
unintended pregnancies and other gynecological
problems.
Sexually transmitted diseases and infections
(including but not limited to HIV/AIDS)
55. immediate injuries such as fractures and hemorrhaging, and
long-term physical conditions (e.g. gastrointestinal, central
nervous system disorders, chronic pain);
mental illnesses, such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic
stress disorder, attempted suicide;
substance abuse
poor social functioning skills and social isolation and
marginalization
death for both women and their children (from neglect, injury,
pregnancy-related-risks, homicide, suicide and/or HIV and
AIDS-related)
make you feel helpless and alone
56. SOCIO-ECONOMIC COSTS
Women can suffer:
A limited ability to take care of
themselves or their children
An inability to work and to sustain wages
From isolation, which leads to a lack of
participation in usual/regular activities
57. IMPACT ON CHILDREN
Children who grow up in families
where they are exposed to intimate
partner violence can suffer from a
range of behavioral and emotional
disturbances, which can lead to
perpetrating or being victims of
violence later in life.
58. Infants Preschool 5–12 years 12–18 years
Disruption in eating
and sleeping routines
Poor concentration Low self-esteem Being abused or
becoming abusive
Fearful of loud noises Fear Post-traumatic stress
disorder
Suicidal behavior
Delays in development Separation anxiety Self-harm Disrespect for
females
Excessive crying Frequent illness Bullying Bullying
Physical neglect Hitting, biting Depression Poor peer
relationships
Clinging Perfectionism Running away
Anger and aggression Problems in school Feeling over-
responsible
Cruelty to animals Inappropriate sexual
behaviour
Pleasing behavior
Regressive behaviour Alcohol/drug use Anxiety and tension
Destruction of property
60. Everyone has a role to play
in addressing Violence
against women
To prevent and respond to
violence against women,
multiple sectors of society
must work together.
61.
62. HEALTH SECTOR
Health workers have a crucial role to play in helping
women and children who experience violence.
On a national level, the health sector can
develop national laws and policies, ensure funding,
and conduct women health campaigns to raise
awareness that violence against women is
unacceptable.
Guideline developing for health workers to identify
and respond appropriately to women and girls who
have been abused.
63. SOCIAL SERVICES
Creating an environment where women and
girls are comfortable sharing that they have
been victims of violence is an essential first
step to providing care and treatment.
Social service workers can also be
advocates to the government and for
victims, and oftentimes have a leading role
in obtaining justice by working closely with
law enforcement.
64. COMMUNITY OUTREACH
idea of reaching out to those communities who are
geographically hard to reach, and sensitize them on
the issues of gender discrimination, inequality and
violence against women.
By empowering the local organizations, it is
possible to influence the communities positively,
making them understand the importance of
women’s rights.
65. MEDIA
Media can play positive role in
advocating women’s rights through
articles, news reports and features.
By showing the punishments of
committing crimes against women
instead of justifying glamorizing, or
normalizing violence against women.
66. LEGAL AWARENESS
In recent years, many new laws and amendments
have been introduced to address different forms of
violence against women like workplace
harassment, acid attacks, honour killings, forced
marriages etc.
But still victims are unable to get relief from these
pro-women laws because of lack of awareness and
that too at all levels including law enforcement
agencies to victims.
Awareness campaigns are needed to be launched
to make women aware about their legal rights.
68. We need to eradicate harmful traditional
practices by educating people
Most of the ill practices are related with
Religion which is not true especially in
Muslim countries like Pakistan
Islam is the only religion which uplifted
the status of women in society almost
1300 year ago
Islam has set women’s economic, social
and financial rights in the society
69. ECONOMICAL RIGHTS TO THE WOMEN
An adult Muslim woman can own, she can dispose
or disown any of her property without consulting
any one, irrespective whether she is married or she
is single.
A women in Islam, if she wishes to work she can
work - There is no text in the Qur’an or the
authentic Hadith which prevents or makes it
prohibited for a woman to do any work, as long as it
is not unlawful, as long as it is within the preview of
the Islamic Shariah, as long as she maintains her
Islamic dress code.
70. SOCIAL RIGHTS OF WOMEN IN ISLAM
Islam prohibits, female infanticide. The killing of
female children is forbidden in Islam
Islam has given rights to mother, sisters, wives and
daughters
No one - not even the father can force their
daughter to marry against her wishes.
There’s a Hadith in Sahih Bukhari, Volume 7, Book
62, Number 69, which says ‘that a lady she was
forced by her father to marry against her wishes’ -
And she went to the Prophet and the Prophet
invalidated the marriage’.
71. In Islam, a women is considered as a homemaker - She
is not considered as a housewife, because she is not
married to the house.
In Islam, a woman, she is not married to a master that
she should be treated like a slave - She is married to it
is equal.
There is a Hadith which says in Ibn-Hambal - Hadith No
736, 7396. It says that, ‘the most perfect of the believers
are those that are best in character and behavior, and
those that are best to their family and their wives’.
According to a saying of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) “It
is obligatory for every Muslim, male or female, to
acquire knowledge
In Islam a woman is allowed to give witness but in our
jirga system women’s are not even allowed to defend
themselves
72. POLITICAL RIGHTS OF A WOMAN
Women can even take part in law making.
And according to the famous Hadith in which Hazrat Umar
(may Allah be pleased with him), he was discussing with the
Sahabas, and considering putting an upper limit on the ‘Meher
’, since young men were discouraged from getting married - a
lady from the back seat she objected and said When the
Qur’an says in Surah Nisa Ch.4, Verse No.20 that… ‘you can
even give a heap of treasure, a heap of gold in ‘Meher’, when
Qur’an puts no limit on ‘Meher’, who is Umar to put a limit
(may Allah be pleased with him). And immediately Hazrat
Umar (peace be upon him) said… ‘Umar is wrong and the
lady is right’.
Imagine, she was a common lady - If it would have been a
famous lady, the name of the lady would be mentioned in the
Hadith. Since the Hadith does not mention the name of the
lady, we can understand that the lady was a common lady.
Means, even a common lady can object to the ‘Khalifa’, the
head of the state.
74. Root causes of violence against
women are gender inequality and low
status of women in society but being a
citizen of Muslim country and by
keeping in view the rights Islam has
given to the women we need to stand
for our legal rights.
We can stop this evil be raising our
voices and pledge that we won’t be the
victims of this evil and we’ll be the
voices of the victims
75. LETS MAKE A DIFFERENCE ON
THIS WOMEN’S DAY
BREAK THE SILENCE
SAY NO TO VIOLENCE AGAINST
WOMEN
