This document provides an overview and agenda for a presentation on Singapore's immigration policies and factors using a causal loop diagram (CLD). The presentation will describe Singapore's immigration policies, identify underlying influencing factors, provide basics on CLDs, describe the development methodology, present the Singapore immigration CLD, and conclude. The CLD will map over 50 variables and their relationships to analyze Singapore's immigration system as a complex, balanced system between locals and foreigners.

1. Causal Loop Diagramming
(Singapore Immigration)
K6202 – Term Paper Presentation
SUPERMAN TEAM
ARAVIND
MUTHU
KANNAN
DIVYA
NIRMALA

2. Agenda:
1.Objective
2.Overview of immigration policies
3.Identifying the underlying factors of
immigration
4.Causal loop diagram basics
5.Development methodology
6.Singapore Immigration CLD
7.Conclusion

3. Objective :
Describing Singapore Immigration and its influencing factors
using Causal Loop Diagram.
As per description from the course outline document
“Study the immigration policies of Singapore,
including the criteria of accepting PR applications,
doing national service, how new comers should
integrate, attitudes of Singaporeans, policies taken
by the Government, etc. Using the principles of
Causal Loop Analysis, draw a set of CLD consisting
of at least 50 variables with the associated links and
Balancing and Reinforcing loops.”

4. Singapore Immigration Today
• Visit Pass - For Visitors
• Student Pass - For Students
• Work Permit Pass - Policy towards Unskilled
• Special Pass - Policy towards Semiskilled
• Employment Pass - Policy towards Skilled/High Skilled
• Personalised Employment Pass
• Entrepreneur Pass - Global Investor Policy
• Dependent Pass – Policy towards Dependents

5. Singapore Permanent Residency
Permanent Resident Schemes
• Approval Factors
• Obligations and Contribution
Access to Citizenship
• Benefits
Variation between SPR and Citizen

6. Identifying the underlying
Factors of Immigration
• A number of factors influence the people
migrating to a specific country.
• These identified factors form the basis of
immigration policies.
• They are well planned to integrate the comfort
of both locals and foreigners and thus the
system has to represent a complex logical
balance in the flow of people.

7. http://www.lankaweb.com/news/it
ems/2010/09/07/singapore-has-
been-successful-due-to-political-
stability-lee-kuan-yew-served-as-
prime-minister-of-singapore-from-
1959-to-1990/
http://www.tourism-review.com/the-worlds-
safest-countries-for-any-traveler-
news2185

8. Safety & Political
Stability
• Singapore scores consistently favor
higher quality life indices
• Highly regarded for its strict law
enforcement measures to combat crimes
• Due to its fortuitous geographical position,
it is protected from most natural disasters
• It also has the least corruption in economy

9. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=va9awW
NjInE&feature=related

10. Diverse Culture and Arts Scene
• Dynamic city with a harmonious blend of culture,
cuisine, arts & architecture
• A cosmopolitan multi-racial, multi-lingual society
• Most prominent events and venues are
government operated and normally with an
international focus
• A place where world meets

11. http://www.prlog.org/10676993-singapore-to-emerge-as-global-talent-hub.html

12. Global Trade Hub
Source:
http://www.guidemesingapore.com/incorporation/introduction/singapore-
incorporation-advantages

13. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-11100813
Source: BBC NEWS-Aug 26-2010

14. Consistent work force demand and
efficient talent pool mapping
• Inviting Global & local Employers and
Entrepreneurs
• Maintaining a highly available diverse talent pool
• Enforcing stability by regulating policies to sustain
future demands
A tough balancing act!!!
Need for vibrant ecosystem ranging from unskilled
to highly skilled work force persists !

15. http://www.channelnewsasia.com/storie
s/singaporelocalnews/view/1157161/1/.
html

16. Education, housing and health care
Subsidies and Funding schemes
•Universal healthcare system ensuring
affordability, largely through compulsory
savings and price controls
•Attractive loans up to 95% of HDB flats for
PRs and Citizens
•High Quality Education at relatively low costs
in globally recognized national universities

17. http://www.channelnewsasia.com/s
http://isaactung.wordpress.com/2011/05/ tories/singaporelocalnews/view/10
04/spore-has-robust-protection-for-ip- 27947/1/.html
rights/
Source: The Straits Times 4 May 2011 http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/ne
ws?pid=newsarchive&sid=ayazKdY
IeTR4&refer=asia

18. Strong IP rights protection and high
degree of Social Cohesion
• „IP landscape‟ strongly conducive for innovation
and investment
• Business friendly environment connecting with
dynamic talent pool for realizing the
organizational dream

19. http://iras.gov.sg/irasHome/page04
_ektid1274.aspx
http://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=Mt8so9LivSE
http://www.singaporesetup.com
/singapore-corporate-taxes/

20. Taxation benefits
• Best place for Entrepreneurs and business start-ups
• Highly convincing Corporate Tax rates
• Zero tax for new Singapore companies on the first 100K
annual profits for the first 3 years
• All resident companies to enjoy approx. 9% corporate
tax rate for profits up to 300K
• Overall company tax rate is a flat 17%

21. http://news.xin.msn.com/e
n/singapore/article.aspx?c
p-documentid=4696576
http://www.channelnewsasia.com/
stories/singaporelocalnews/view/1
157220/1/.html

22. HigHly connected….
digitally & physically
• Seamless National & International connectivity
• Highly efficient MRT ,Bus and Flight services
• „On the Go‟ access to the e-world
• Continuous research on better standards
and future demand
http://senseable.mit.edu/livesingapore/visualization
s.html

23. Building a Strong nation
togetHer…

24. Starting off with CLD - Information
gathering
• What is your first thought on Singapore before you
came here?
• The best thing which you observed here soon after
acquainting with the new place?
• Reason for visit or migration? How did the
Government or Singapore Organizations support and
welcome you?
• Why do you consider a longer stay here?s
• How do you feel working or studying in a highly
competitive environment? How is it influencing you
personally?

25. CAUSAL LOOP DIAGRAM (CLD)
CLDs are
Diagrams that have a visible structure of how interrelated
variables affect one another. The balancing loop and the
reinforcing loop are the two foundational structures of
systems thinking.
Causal loop Anatomy:
A Node
A line with arrow
+ or s Same Effect
- or o Opposite Effect
|| Time Delay Symbol

26. Loops in CLD
• Reinforcing Loop: A loop is one in
which an action produces a result
which influences more of the same
action. It is also called the Positive
causal link means that the two
nodes change in the same direction
• Balancing Loop: a loop in which
feedback reduces the impact of
change. It is also called Negative
causal link means that the two
nodes change in opposite directions

27. Design Methodology:
 Understanding the problem statement
 Collection of information about the problem domain from
various sources
 Identification of design method
Two methods:
1.) From Loops to Variables
2.) From Variables to Loops
 Identification of quantifiable variables related to the topic
 Conceptualizing logical loops(re-enforcing and balancing
loops) using the variables
 Diagram sketch coupled with required changes

28. CAUSAL LOOP DIAGRAM (CLD) SCREENSHOOT

29. Insights and Implications
Future sensed stronger with highly competent and vibrant Knowledge
Environment !!
Source: Prime minister‟s office, Singapore Department of
statistics, ICA

30. KNOWLEDGE FREE FLOW with
Globalization
As of June 2011,192,300 Singaporeans were
overseas for a cumulative period of six months or more in the
previous 12 months
Source: Prime minister‟s office, Singapore Department of
statistics, ICA

31. BUSINESS Dynamism ACCELERATING
K-TRANSFERS and UTILIZATION
Source: Statistics Singapore Newsletter
2011