Panel 3: Mr. Fadi SAAB Chairman, Anti-Corruption Committee, ICC Lebanon, Anti-Corruption Committee, ICC Lebanon; Enhancing Integrity for Business Development in the Middle East and North Africa, 18 April 2016, Paris, France, Session 3

1. OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 1
# Building a sustainable public-private
dialogue to promote integrity

2. From Theory... To Practice
Fadi Saab
Chairman,
Anti-Corruption Committee,
ICC - Lebanon
OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 2

3. The Theory…
OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 3
Integrity is simply defined as the ethical and honest
adherence to moral and righteous principles.
The credible promotion of integrity, is a long and
exasperating journey dependent on the effectiveness of the
fight against corruption.
This requires a mixture of 1) analytical data 2) backed by
dedicated research 3) leading to various dynamic awareness
initiatives 4) and supported by operative pragmatic toolkits.

4. Corruption is a severe impediment to economic development, and a
significant challenge for developed, emerging & developing countries1.
It is plainly defined as “the abuse of entrusted power for private gain2”, and
referred to as “a cancer that steals from the poor, eats away at the
governance & moral fibre, and destroys trust3”.
However, the most graphic definition is:
Corruption= Authority + Monopoly - Transparency or Accountability4
The “cancer of corruption” reverses the principles of trust on which
democratic systems are founded; undermines the rule of law; reduces
effectiveness of public administration; distorts capital flows; diverts public
expenditure; threatens the integrity of markets; weakens competition; spurs
inequality; erodes macroeconomic stability; hinders the development of fair
competitive market structures; and depletes national wealth5.
To promote real change towards integrity, governments, the private sector,
and civil society should be engaged in the fight against corruption; with
reinforced existing tools and guidelines for a stronger implementation,
improved coordination, and enhanced progress monitoring6.
Promote Integrity = Fight Corruption
OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 4
Sources: 1* G20/B20 – 2* TI – 3* World Bank – 4* unknown – 5* compiled sources – 6* OECD’s CleanGovBiz

5. Significant efforts to shed light on the multi-dimensional problems
arising from corruption, have been taken by a wide spectrum of
officials, leading multi-national organizations international institutions;
Examples of Important Reference
Documentation on Anti Corruption
Consult this publication on line at http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264226616-en.
This work is published on the OECD iLibrary, which gathers all OECD books, periodicals and statistical databases.
Visit www.oecd-ilibrary.org for more information.
OECD Foreign Bribery
Report
AN ANALYSIS OF THE CRIME OF BRIBERY
OF FOREIGN PUBLIC OFFICIALS
OECD Foreign Bribery Report
AN ANALYSIS OF THE CRIME OF BRIBERY OF FOREIGN PUBLIC OFFICIALS
Contents
About the OECD Foreign Bribery Report
Key findings
Analysis of concluded foreign bribery cases
• Methodology
• Enforcement of the foreign bribery offence
• How is foreign bribery detected?
• How is foreign bribery punished?
• Foreign bribery: The who, what, where, why and how
Conclusions and next steps
OECDForeignBriberyReportANANALYSISOFTHECRIMEOFBRIBERYOFFOREIGNPUBLICOFFICIALS
ISBN 978-92-64-22660-9
28 2014 01 1 P
OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 5
UN Office on Drugs & Crime OECD G20 - B20

6. Examples of Important Reference
Documentation on Anti Corruption
The varied nature of their individual specialized scope of activities or
specific areas of competence, have also led many to join forces in
evaluating & reporting on the damaging negative effects of corruption;
OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 6
CORRUPTION ASSESSMENT
HANDBOOK
DRAFTFINAL REPORT
This publication was produced for review by the United States Agenc y for
International Development. It was prepared by Bertram I. Spector, Michael
Johnston, and Svetlana Winbourne, Management Systems International.
MAY 8, 2006
World Bank IFC USAID

7. Examples of Important Reference
Documentation on Anti Corruption
Additionally, comprehensive guidelines have been widely published to
facilitate the effective identification of corruption, and apply efficient
policies/procedures in combating it on all public/private/social layers;
OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 7
ICC TI World Economic Forum
Prepared by the ICC Commission on
Corporate Responsibility and Anti-corruption
Document No. 195-64 Rev2
VSI/YPR/amu 26/05/2015
ICC ANTI-CORRUPTION THIRD PARTY DUE
DILIGENCE: A GUIDE FOR SMALL AND
MEDIUM SIZE ENTERPRISES
POLICY DOCUMENT

8. Examples of Important Reference
Documentation on Anti Corruption
Major opinion leaders, professional think tanks, consultants, business
associations, and experts from civil society or NGO’s, also allocated
valuable resources to actively promote integrity & ethical behaviour;
OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 8
Centre Strategic Int’l Studies Global Financial IntegrityInt’l Business Leaders

9. Examples of Important Reference
Documentation on Anti Corruption
This topic has been tackled on both the general macro-levels, and on
sector specific micro-levels, as such the detailed resulting database is
impressive in its wide spectrum of content coverage & deep analysis!
OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 9
Ernest & Young PricewaterhouseCoopersUNDP

10. Anti-Corruption
Ethics and
Compliance
Handbook for
Business
OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 10
United NationsDevelopment Programme
UNDP GLOBAL ANTI CORRUPTION
INITIATIVE GAIN 2014 2017
The rationale for fighting corruption
The costs of corruption for economic, political and social development are becoming
increasingly evident. But many of the most convincing arguments in support of the fight
against corruption are little known to the public and remain unused in political debates. This
brief provides evidence that reveals the true cost
and to explain why governments and business
must prioritise the fight against corruption.
WHAT IS CORRUPTION?
Corruption is the abuse of public or private office
for personal gain. It includes acts of bribery,
embezzlement, nepotism or state capture. It is
often associated with and reinforced by other
illegal practices, such as bid rigging, fraud or
money laundering.
WHAT DOES CORRUPTION LOOK LIKE?
It could be the multinational company that pays a bribe to win the public contract to build the
local highway, despite proposing a sub-standard offer. It could be the politician redirecting
public investments to his hometown rather than to the region most in need. It could be the
public official embezzling funds for school renovations to build his private villa. It could be the
manager recruiting an ill-suited friend for a high-level position. Or, it could be the local official
demanding bribes from ordinary citizens to get access to a new water pipe. At the end of the
day, those hurt most by corruption are the world’s weakest and most vulnerable.
CleanGovBiz supports governments to reinforce their fight against corruption
and engage with civil society and the private sector to promote real change
towards integrity. It draws together existing tools, provides user-friendly
guidance to strengthen their implementation, improves coordination among
relevant players and monitors progress towards integrity.
CleanGovBiz is an initiative
led by the Organisation for
Economic Co-operation and
Development
www.cleangovbiz.org
BACKGROUND BRIEF
Additional Sample Documentation

11. In Practice…
OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 11
Building a sustainable private-public dialogue or debate
among concerned parties is vital, but certainly not sufficient
to effectively promote Integrity.
Enhancing integrity is not an abstract topic relying solely on
joint interfaces, analytical studies, and knowledge sharing.
The successful fight against corruption necessitates a realistic
hands-on combat efficiently implementing concrete actions.

12. The cost of corruption is not easily quantifiable in monetary terms.
Actually, the financial calculation of direct transactions & potential
losses to the economy are only a small part of the equation, with
other more valuable social and environmental costs being not only
difficult to measure, but maybe impossible to recuperate.
Experts ‘guestimate’ the financial cost of corruption at 5% of global
GDP (in some countries it is up to 25% of GDP)… Recent economic
data shows the level of world’s nominal GDP at US$ 78
Trillion…Therefore, Corruption costs the world about US$ 4 Trillion
yearly.
• Politically; Obstructs the effective functioning of democratic
practices and the application of the rule of law
• Economically; Erodes growth and stability, depletes national
wealth, hinders the development of equality and fair market
structures, distorts competition and deters investments
• Socially; Undermines people's trust in political systems, harms
the reputation of the state, public institutions and leadership
• Environmentally; Results in major degradation and severe
damages to all natural resourceOECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 12
The Cost of Corruption

13. The Way Forward
Fadi Saab 13
The OECD is leading international efforts to promote integrity
and combat bribery, as evidenced by high standards stated in
the ‘Anti-Bribery Convention’ signed a decade ago.
However, there remains a sizeable gap between the legally
comprehensive documentation, and the viable enforceability
of implementable policies.
Building an integrity culture, is dependent on the common
ability to focus on priority tasks addressing demand & supply
sides via dynamic execution systems & compliance programs.

14. • Adopt an agenda having joint leadership and shared ownership by
all stakeholders, with top-level dedication to a national anti-
corruption culture, ethical compliance and reputable governance
• Apply clear governance related reforms targeting specific judicial,
political, administrative, financial and managerial policies
• Determine a broad range of national or global priority objectives,
with associated sector explicit remedy action plans
• Formulate a comprehensive multi-dimensional strategy covering
the entire spectrum of all corruption categories and components
• Define implementation methodologies and their related
monitoring mechanisms with a measurable set of KPI’s*
• Apply specialized tools (adapt form proven ‘Implement, Monitor
& Evaluate’ systems like TQM* - BPR*) for value-added results
• Build capacity by providing focused training, improved tangible
resources and productive tools to support well-coordinated
efforts towards implementation on both macro and micro levels
OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 14
General Guidelines
*KPI= Key Performance Indicator; TQM= Total Quality Management; BPR = Business Process Reengineering

15. • To Accomplish Transparency:
– E-government (reduce/eliminate direct contact)
– Up-to-date access to complete & accurate information
– Code of conduct with international standards & procedures
– Best practices guidelines and compliance benchmarking
– Democratic processes with an equal ‘Level’ playing field
– Motivate victims to share experiences & identify culprits
• To Implement Accountability:
– Apply rule-of-law without discrimination or exceptions
– Facilitate local & international multi-agency collaboration
– Pursue all corrupt parties (seekers, providers, facilitators)
– Enforce recuperation of losses & damages (seize assets)
– Empower citizens and protect ‘Whistle Blowers’
– Publish public records and all news on corruption statistics
OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 15
Specific Toolkits

16. In Conclusion!
OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 16
To effectively promote integrity,
public-private dialogue efforts need to focus away
from additional debates – studies – analysis –
recommendations, towards implementing efficient
sustainable action plans encouraging by supportive
compliance incentive systems

17. OECD 18/4/2016 Fadi Saab 17
*Note: About 80% of current
world population (7.4 Billion)