Solar Based Multiple Charger( System Engineering)

1. Topic: Solar Based Multiple Charger

2. ➢ Purpose:
Mobile phone plays an important role in communication. The growth of mobile phone market is phenomenal in recent
years and the need for charging the mobile battery is required anytime and anywhere. It becomes very difficult to
charge the mobile phone while travelling from one place to another and when current supply is not available while in
the home, office etc.
➢ Scope:
In today’s environment conscious world, a lot of interest is being taken in alternate forms of energy. Solar power is a
renewable source of energy, which has become increasingly popular in modern days. Today 80% of the energy we use
comes from fossil fuels and about 1% comes from solar energy. It is estimated that the world’s oil reserves will last for
30 to 40 years, whereas solar energy is forever. Solar energy has two big advantages over fossil fuels. The first is in the
fact that it is renewable; it is never going to run out. The second is its effect on the environment.

3. ➢ Solar energy as energy source.
➢ Rechargeable battery as storage device.
➢ Multi-voltage outputs.
➢ Charging of various low-voltage devices.
➢ Battery charge analyser.
➢ Display of critical conditions of the battery
➢ Able to charge other electronic appliances of
similar types.

7. ➢ The solar panel is used to charge the rechargeable battery. This
rechargeable battery is interfaced with the 78L05 and 78L09
voltage regulators to charge 5V, 9V, 12V loads. The 5V output is
also used to power-up the analyzer circuit.
➢ Analyzer circuit consists of Schmitt trigger, ADC, Micro-
controller and LCD. The Schmitt trigger CD4093 acts as the timer
to ADC, generating a clock of 550kHz frequency.
➢ The ADC analyzes the voltage across the battery terminals and
converts it into digital form. The micro-controller displays the
charge in the battery on the LCD.
➢ It also displays whether the battery is fully charged and if the
battery charge is below 20%, stating “low battery”. The Schmitt
trigger frequency can be varied by varying the external resistor,
capacitor values.
➢ The digitized output from the ADC (AD0-AD7) 4 transfers the
voltage across the battery terminals in digital form to the port 1 of
the microcontroller. The voltage-divider circuit scales-down the
battery terminal voltage to a maximum of 5V.
➢ Based on this voltage, the micro-controller analyzes the charge in
the battery and displays this on the LCD through port 2.

8. Time required for charging battery Voltage Recorded at particular time.

9. Advantages of Solar Energy Solar Energy Disadvantages
Renewable Energy Source Cost
Reduces Electricity Bills Weather Dependent
Diverse Applications Solar Energy Storage is Expensive
Low Maintenance Costs Uses a Lot of Space

11. • Operations concept – Solar charger will charge appliances as sunrays will fall on panel and they will charged.
• Acquisition concept – Stakeholders are- students, businessman, manufacturing firms. Functional
requirements like controlling voltage, converting light energy into electrical energy while operational
requirements like control units, battery for storing energy. Design of system is very simple.
• Deployment concept – Ensure adherence to guidelines & help to maintain consistent quality. – Solar charger
will charge appliances as sunrays will fall on panel and they will charged.
• Support concept – In installing system , engineering support will be there. Solar panel maintenance is
important because insufficient care for solar panels can reduce the amount of energy and system can’t work
neatly.
• Retirement concept – After some years of use , system will work slowly and on one day it will stop working.
Then we have to dispose hazardous waste from system.

12. •Eagle software: EAGLE is a scriptable electronic design automation (EDA) application with schematic capture, printed
circuit board (PCB) layout, auto-router and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) features. EAGLE stands for Easily
Applicable Graphical Layout Editor. EAGLE contains a schematic editor, for designing circuit diagrams. Schematics are
stored in files with. SCH extension, parts are defined in device libraries with. LBR extension. Parts can be placed on many
sheets and connected together through ports.
•Multisim Simulation: Multisim simulation and circuit design software gives engineers the advanced analysis and design
capabilities to optimize performance, reduce design errors, and shorten time to prototype. Intuitive NI tools result in saved
printed circuit board (PCB) iterations and significant cost savings. The PCB layout editor stores board files with the
extension. BRD. It allows back-annotation to the schematic and auto-routing to automatically connect traces based on the
connections defined in the schematic.
•Etching process: Etching is traditionally the process of using strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a
metal surface to create a design in intaglio (incised) in the metal. In modern manufacturing, other chemicals may be used
on other types of material.

14. [1] http://www.sebokwiki.org/wiki/System_Requirements
[2] http://acqnotes.com/acqnote/careerfields/system-requirements-
reviewsrrse
[3] http://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/des_s99/requirements_specs/
[4] https://www.slideshare.net/JOLLUSUDARSHANREDDY/solar-based-
mobile-charger-in-rural-
areas