project report for owen muzi, greenwich university ourseworks website , project reports

1. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
1
Owen Muzi 000793120
COURSE: COMP1645 – Information Requirements Analysis
TITLE: RICH PICTURE AND USE CASE
NAME: Owen Muzi m.
STUDENT NO.: 000793120
DATE: 25th
April, 2014
CENTRE: ZCAS

2. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
2
Owen Muzi 000793120
Table of contents
1) Homeless help mission charity rich picture
2) Key actors for the rich picture
3) Key issues and areas of conflicts affecting the environment
4) Main focus of the

3. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
3
Owen Muzi 000793120
Rich Picture for the complete Homeless Help Mission environment
Figure 1. Rich Picture
Key actor for rich picture
Firstly CEO which includes in top level management is a key actor of homeless help mission because she
has the responsibility to make strategic decisions for finance and running projects. She is also the one
who wants to change to MIS. So she becomes the key actor.

4. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
4
Owen Muzi 000793120
Another key actor are funders because a charity cannot survive them. if they stop funding HOMELESS
HELP MISSION can nether provide services to clients nor pay salary to full time stuff. Since HOMELESS
HELP MISSION uses centralized finance system.(finance director has to handle the finances of all 15
branches and preparing financial reports to executive committee. so he becomes central to HOMELESS
HELP MISSION)
From data point of view. information quality officer will be the main focus since the responsibilities of
managing all data flows associated with projects key performance measurements and solving
inconsistency of data from branches for producing performance charts sit on him. if HOMELESS HELP
MISSION lacks this past funders and trustees will not know precisely how their funds are used and they
may discontinue funding .
Apart from these care actors. Other facts make us identify centre manager as key to the system. Centre
manager who plays the managerial role for each centre must oversee the projects and the
administration of the centre including centre expenses. Recruitment and supervision of staff or
volunteers. Without having this role the origination will be in complete disorder while running the
project at respective centres.
After starting a project it forces project leader to be the most essential stakeholder. While a project is in
progress it is crucially significant to monitor its effectiveness and efficiency. Only if there is a project
leader who scrutinizes minutely the project and then reports to it to superiors for assuring project goes
well. It can enhance homeless help mission profile.
We can also take account of volunteers’ staff as the core actors. Unless there are people who will do
voluntary work it will be difficult to supply social services to homeless people.
Key issues and areas of conflicts affecting the environment
We can find some key issues and are as of conflict in homeless help mission environment. The most
prominent one is associated with changing to MIS. As homeless help mission has a number of centres.
CEO becomes worried about data security and whether they look professional and raise their profile or
not. Consequently she is concerned about these and wants to change to MIS. Furthermore, staff and
volunteers have difficulties when homeless people are longing to know more about the project run by
homeless help mission or about other homeless people or about total people using charity’s services.
Having such too much complaint leads to think about MIS. Although some people welcome MIS, there
are some disputes with this idea because they are afraid to record new data in the new way for new
system.
Additionally there is another major issue and conflicts relating to finances. The more homeless help
mission accepts funds the more complicated finance information finance director must cope with.
Therefore he starts to worry whether right funds is transferred to right centre director must cope with.
Finally issue and conflicts on data inconsistency create difficulties between information Quality Officer
and centre manager. Each centre stores its own projects data in their convenient way whenever IQO ask

5. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
5
Owen Muzi 000793120
for projects data from centre manager. He thinks homeless help mission should standardize data format
to help him measure KPI of homeless help mission.
The organizational structure
There are mainly five actors controlling data system and processing. The first one is project leader who
controls the projects environment and deals with every single data of projects
Volunteers profiles, centre expenses, project run by clients in centres. Then finance director and the
most essential one is CEO who stands over all actors in Homeless help mission. All strategic decision and
future plans.

6. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
6
Owen Muzi 000793120
The systems that need to be built
Although many different conlicts between employees concerned with centralize finance system
centralized finance system data inconsistency and transformining into MIS can be seen in our drawn
homeless help mission rich picture all these things are taken into rich picture by mainly focus on one
thing. This is having a desire to develop manage information system. Only if there is such kind of system
it will be standardizing data
The areas of conflict you identified
Between Homeless Help Mission head office centre and some other centre have conflict view
upon the developing of MIS. As a matter of fact, Head office support MIS is really needed for
charity to manage more effectively because there is increasingly causing problems in current
situation due to the inconsistency of information.
But the some of the Centre manger think they have their own system and already working
properly. So they just want to copy their created system. They are feel resistant to change
because they don't want to accept changing. They don't like to spend more time and don't like to
learn new technology. Also they don't want to do extra work.
But Homeless Help Mission Executive Committee has decided to introduce a Management
Information System to help manage the charity more effectively.
But most of Centre Manager is expecting to manage the finance their self and likely to have their
own finance system. They suppose that sending all information to finance office is real nuisance
and they normally get things wrongs

7. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
7
Owen Muzi 000793120
Funder and trustees are expected to receive the regular report that show how all money provided
has been spent on the project accurately. But sometime Homeless Help Mission just provide the
imitation fixed up report to funder for their satisfaction.
The Homeless Help Mission Executive Committee is believe that Dig-it is the most appropriate
and suitable project to use as pilot for developing a management information system. Because is
Homeless Help Mission charity is started by providing transport service to homeless people.
But Director of Homeless Help Mission central Administrative Support, do not agree that the
Dig-it project is the best one to pilot. And also do not accept the whole Homeless Help Mission
organization to be followed by the way of Dig-it working system.
Furthermore, Finance Director are do not actively interest in the developing of Management
Information System. He just likes to sort out their finance system firstly because the finance
system they have is not working effectively as they expected.
The main objective of the Homeless Help Mission organization is to run project regularly and
support homeless people. As the analyst, we believe the main focus of the system that the
organization requires is to manage the information centrally by making the all of the centers to
use the standard ways of collecting information about each projects and service that are being
offered.
That because, Homeless Help Mission has many centre and number of project. But each centers
are manage their projects in self-governing way, for example data are collected by the number of
different formats and various standard. So consequently, the whole organization is running ad
hoc, problem are causing increasingly and very difficult to manage due to the inconsistency of
information.
Furthermore, the system must be able to produce reports for Trustees and Managers, as well as
funding bodies to help them make strategic decision. Because they are suspecting that some
projects are not using resource effectively and like to trace what they are.
The most of the Homeless Help Mission project is dependent on the availability of fund by
funder and trustees. So Homeless Help Mission have to provide regular reports to funders and
trustees for showing how all money provided has been used on the project appropriately.

8. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
8
Owen Muzi 000793120
Use case diagram for the system clearly showing the actors and processes involved

9. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
9
Owen Muzi 000793120
Figure 2. Use Cases
Primary scenario and secondary for each use case of the system
Name: record received funds
Actor: centre manager
Series of activities
Use case begins when the finance director approve and allocate funds to a new project
1. Centre manager chooses who will work where and where
2. Centre manager project name and the amont of funds
3. After entering total amount confirm receiving
Name: register clients
Actors: lead worker
Series of activities
Use case begins when homeless people come to register
1.
The discussion of process followed in developing of Use Case
Before developing the Use Case diagram, firstly we are trying to understand a brief recap of the
Dig-it system's main concept and then learn about User Case Diagram that what Use Case is and
what is actor, how to draw and how to consider.
Use Cases are the inside of the system and the Actor are the outside of the system boundary.
Actor is a kind of user of the system. An actor may be a human being or another system or
external device or software components.

10. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
10
Owen Muzi 000793120
After learning that we written down the note with the stakeholders for Dig-it and their interest for
system to identify the perfect use case for Dig-it system, After then we review, select, abstract
and build the perfect Use Cases that would be actually requirement of all stakeholders. We
abstract and draw only the MIS related use case.
When trying to identify the correct functionalities Use Cases, we are followed and make sure that
the Use Cases are developed by capturing the requirements from the user's point of view. So Use
cases can identify the functionality that the system will offer from the user's perspective.
Furthermore, before define the Use Case, we are take in account that one use case should contain
one large process from start to finish and should have a number of different scenarios associated
with it.
Use cases are concerned with the behavior of the system externally. So we identified the use case
form the user's point of view. In this Dig-it system, we support that typical use case would
include Arrange Trip, Record amount of Fuel fill, and Record mile driven.
After setting the requirement (identify the participants in the new requirements) for Dig-it
system, we identify the use case actors (sets of users or devices) who interact with the system for
specific types of functionality and their objective. We are taking in account to include all of the
functionality in the system, including special/contingency conditions.
After totally that, we link each use case with their functionally related actor and then consider
their basic flow and alternate flows. Finally produce a Use Case diagram.
How Use Case assisted to understanding the requirement
Requirement analysis is very difficult and complex but it is vital for the development of robust,
quality system. The requirement analysis using Use Case diagram is very effective and popular
because Use Case diagram is a graphical technique and easy to understand. Furthermore, Use
Case diagram helps to translate the daily basic operation into data objects that may be
implemented as part of an information system.
When trying to understand the functional requirements of Dig-it system, that mean what the
Homeless help Executive Committee want the propose Dig-it Management Information system
to do. We fundamentally have to identify the following three models. They are firstly identifying
the interaction between the user and the system for each function under review. And then
secondary is identify the step by step view of each function and finally is to define the scope of
the system. We can aware that the above describing three models can be undertaken and
expressed by developing the Use Case diagram.
The developing of Use Case is significantly assisted in understanding of Dig-it system
requirement because developing the Use Case diagram can provide a structured way of
approaching the problem. Moreover, Use Case diagrams can provide the clear view of the
functionality required by the system and how they associate to the requirement of the system.

11. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
11
Owen Muzi 000793120
By making the requirement analysis for Dig-it System using use Case modeling technique, we
can ascertain an in-depth look at both the business and system needs based upon real-world
concepts. Furthermore, Use Case modeling can assist the requirements definition,
planning/prioritizing of development and the validation aspect of system.
Drawing the Use Case can assist to find out the functional requirements of the proposed Dig-it
system because use cases are allowed to capture the user's requirement by focusing on a task that
the user necessary to carry out. So developing the Use Case can provide a sound foundation for
the design of the system's functionality.
Developing the requirement with Use Case can present the multiple methods to emphasis the
stakeholders on the functionality they need and shows a number of ways to firmly allocate what
is in scope and what is excluding. Furthermore, developing the requirement with Use Case show
how to identify what is necessarily to make the correct solution.
During requirement elicitation, Use Case scenarios can help user to explain what they do to carry
out particular tasks, what information they need and what the output will be. Use Case scenarios
are an effective way of eliciting requirements. Walking through scenarios with users helps to
identify the use cases that define the overall behavior of the system.
Use Cases are high level processes and Use Case diagram can show the interactions between the
actors and the use cases.
Use Case modeling can enable to identify the actors associated with the proposed Dig-it system.
Defining actors are helping to identify the boundaries of the system.

12. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
12
Owen Muzi 000793120
Critique of Use Cases and Rich Pictures
The number one difference of the rich picture and use case diagram is the rich picture is a soft system
approach which considers for human factors, for example Tim Tidy lead worker of dig-it project personal
mixed feeling can be shown with a rich picture while use case diagram is a hard system approach which is
assigned to technical factor for example in the dig-it produce clients are assigned to one of five different
community then they sell produce grown at local markets.
Usefulness of the rich picture, as it is soft system methodology its main purpose is to express non functional
requirements and social aspects such as Homeless Help Mission stakeholders’ feelings, their thoughts and
links between stakeholders and conflicts areas. In contrast with the rich picture the use case diagram is for
describing technical aspects such as sequentially state the interactions between actors and the system and its’
functionalities like functions and processes the system will carry out.
A rich picture is a tool for showing some basic tasks for Homeless Help Mission. So it is helpful for showing
unpredictable and uncontrollable soft factors and can be used evaluate what people wants and their thinking
in the mind. But a use case is a too useful to abstract the more key functional requirements for developing
dig-it system and this makes the use case diagram clearer than rich picture.

13. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
13
Owen Muzi 000793120
The rich picture focus on the current situation of Homeless Help Mission environment. It is easier to observe
the data flow within Homeless Help Mission organizations’ current issues with its stakeholders mostly
concerned with data inconsistency. The different opinions on changing to a management information system,
for use cases they concentrate on searching for solutions for the expressed issues in Homeless Help Mission
rich picture and then they look for technical solutions to achieve the particular goals of each key actor which
will be involved in the proposed dig-it project system. This can show the way of inputting data of clients and
farms assigned to them in the dig-it for produce.
The rich picture must be drawn from the point of view of the stakeholders. For example from the point of
view of the homeless people they get helped (services) with accommodation and then helped to integrate
with the community. From the Information Quality Officer point of view he evaluates the projects’
performance by measuring Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and then reports the summaries to the CEO
and the Executive Committee. For Dig-it use case diagram is drawn from the point of view of end users for
example from the point of view of lead workers he will use the system to make a rota of volunteers and
matches the groups the requests for working in people’s gardens. Ken wong (Finance Director) from his point
of view, he records the received amount of funds.
Drawing rich picture helped us in defining the boundary between stakeholders of the Homeless Help Mission
within the system and external sources such as funders, local government e.tc unlike Rich picture OF
Homeless Help Mission Dig-it use case Diagram assisted us in dividing the boundary between the use cases
and the key actors who are dealing with these use cases.
As clarified above all actors that are depicted in Homeless Help rich picture are stakeholders since the nature
of rich picture shows the organization structure e.g CEO Senior executive committee, Director Finance,
Information Quality Officer, director of central administrative support, volunteers funders, homeless people
etc but use cases diagram is intended for technical solution. almost all actors in our diagrams are end users
who use the system by themselves. A little different from the actors in the Homeless rich picture is that there
are two types of actors in the use case diagram. This is the primary actors such as education coordinator, lead
worker, and centre manager. Secondary actors for instance funders, head office, which exist only to let the
primary actors accomplish their tasks. Arrow line represents the relation between stakeholders or between
centers and head office or actors inside and outside the boundary of Homeless Help Mission in the rich
picture also in the use cases diagram arrow lines are used to visualize the communication between use case
and its respective actors for example an arrow link between volunteer supervising the clients to show that
they relate.
Activities also plays the key roles for analyzing requirements and they are shown above or below the relevant
arrow lines. For example “summary report” IQO sends to CEO of Homeless Help Mission. In use cases each use
case represents each activity that is activated bay an actor or actors. …………………………………
Rich picture is a rigorous tool to use in "messy" problems. It is a specific technique. Users have the freedom to
select the picture what they like. There are no constraints about rich picture elements. Peoples have
difficulties to interpret the world in a loose way. They often show an over-urgent desire for action. It is
difficult to assemble richest picture. Rich picture requires from participants to adapt the overall approach.
The absence of standard symbols and formal technique could make it very difficult to someone else's picture.
Rich picture is primarily is a notation and communication with the system process. This picture can be used
to confirm the findings from any observation, and used as evidence in final report. Also, it can be useful
working document - i.e. one can add to it as more information becomes available.
Issues are essence ofa rich picture and they are also the things which make rich picture different from use
case diagrams. From the case study we can see that all stakeholders of Homeless Help Mission have their own

14. Information Requirements Analysis COMP1645
14
Owen Muzi 000793120
concerns on the things their charity is carry out. We can see each stakeholder exposes his/her different
opinion for the task he/she has to deal with e.g IQO may have issues with data inconsistency and director
finance it is the way finance are handled. But for use cases we have to document primary scenarios for the
Dig-it use case diagram, for us to understand step by step activities done by key actors.