The webinar covers: • OHSAS 18001 Requirements regarding HIRARC • Methodologies & Development of HIRARC • Implementation of Risk Control Actions Presenter: This webinar was presented by Stephen Lim, Managing Director, Principal Consultant & Trainer of JP Power Horizon, who is also PECB Certified Trainer. Link of the recorded session published on YouTube: https://youtu.be/Dsw2LPLBv_k

1. Occupational
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK
ASSESSMENT & RISK CONTROL (HIRARC)
by
Stephen Lim Kean Jin
JP Power Horizon Sdn Bhd (901998-H)
+60122145412 / jp.power.stephen@gmail.com
1Stephen Lim
(0122145412)

2. Lim Kean Jin (Stephen)
Managing Director & Principal Consultant/Trainer
Doctor of Education
Master in Manufacturing Systems Engineering (UPM)
B Sc (Hons) in Biology (UPM)
Cambridge International Diploma for Teachers and Trainers (Cambridge University, UK)
Certificate in Vocational & Education Training (Box Hill College, Australia)
IATF Certified ISO/TS 16949 Auditor (since 2004).
VDA 6.3 Process Audit 1st
and 2nd
Party Auditor (VDA QMC, Germany)
PECB Certified Trainer
IRCA & PECB Registered ISO 9000 QMS Lead Auditor
IRCA & PECB Registered ISO 14000 EMS Lead Auditor (since 2004)
IRCA & PECB OHSAS 18001 Lead Auditor (since 2006)
IRCA & PECB Registered ISO 22000 Auditor (since 2006)
Certified Consultant & Trainer in Quality, Environmental, Safety & Health, Food Safety, Laboratory and
Other Management Systems (since 2003)
More than 12 years of Certification Body 3rd
Party Auditing experience in ISO/TS 16949 as well as ISO
9001, ISO 14001, OHSAS & ISO 22000
More than 12 years of Consultation & Training experiences (since 2003)
5 years in automotive related manufacturing industry (1998 – 2003)
Member of Malaysian Institute of Management (MIMM)

3. Program Rationale
 Knowledge: This is a knowledge-based cum practical
learning program that covers the steps involved in
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control
(HIRARC), and use it to minimize and /or prevent safety
& health hazard in the work place, in order to improve
productivity and efficiency. This is an important
requirement to meet one of the requirements of OHSAS
18001:2007 and Occupational Health & Safety Legal
Requirements
 Skills & Attitude: Participants shall develop skills in
assessing the safety and health risks at their workplaces

4. Learning Outcome
 Participants should be able to explain and carry
out internal Hazard Identification, Risk Analysis
& Risk Control for meeting the OSHA and
OHSAS 18001 implementations. A knowledge in
Occupational Health & Safety Legal
Requirements is also needed before this
program.

5. Overview of OHSAS 18001
Requirements with regards
to HIRARC

6.  Identify hazards, assessment of risks &
implementation of control measures
 Results of assessment are considered for
OH&S objectives setting
 Information to be kept up to date
OHSAS 18001 Clause 4.3.1
Hazard Identification, Risk
assessment & determining
controls

7. When to do Risk Assessment ?
 Establishing new work/organisation.
 Review when have changes :
 Changes in work pattern/requirements.
 Materials, machinery or process change.
 Law/Regulation Amendments.
 OHS knowledge/technology improvement.

8. Terminology & Requirements
of Risk Management
(HIRARC)

9. Terminology & Requirements of Risk
Management (HIRARC)
Routine Activity
 When operations are performed in accordance to plan or within the
operation conditions.
Non-routine Activity
 When there is deviation from plan or operating conditions giving
rise to change in product specification or minor accident.
Hazard
 a source or a situation with a potential for harm in terms of human
injury or ill health, damage to property, damage to the environment
or a combination of these.

10.  Risk is the combination of the likelihood
and severity of a specified hazardous
event occurring. In mathematical term,
risk can be calculated by the equation
Terminology & Requirements of Risk
Management (HIRARC)
Risk = Likelihood (L) x Severity (S)

11. HIRARC
Hazard Identification
Process of recognizing that a hazard exists & definingdefining
its characteristics
Terminology & Requirements of Risk
Management (HIRARC)

12. HIRARC
Risk Assessment
Process of evaluating the risk (s) arising from
hazard (s), taking into account adequacy of
exiting controls & deciding whether or not the
risk is acceptable
Terminology & Requirements of Risk
Management (HIRARC)

13. HIRARC
Risk Control
Identification of practicable measures for eliminating
or reducing the risk, to implement the measures and
to continually review the measures in order to ensure
their effectiveness.
Terminology & Requirements of Risk
Management (HIRARC)

14. Purpose of HIRARC
 to identify all the factors that may cause harm to
employees and others (the hazards);
 to consider what the chances are of that harm
actually be falling anyone in the circumstances
of a particular case and the possible severity
that could come from it (the risks); and
 to enable employers to plan, introduce and
monitor preventive measures to ensure that the
risks are adequately controlled at all times.

15. Methodologies &
Development of Hazard
Identification, Risk
Assessment & Risk Control

16. HIRARC Procedure
Process of HIRARC requires 4 simple steps -
(A) classify work activities (Mengenalpasti aktiviti);
(B) identify hazard (Pengenalpastian Hazad);
(C) conduct risk assessment (analyze and estimate
risk from each hazard) (Penaksiran risiko), by
calculating or estimating -
i. likelihood of occurrence, and
ii. severity of hazard;
(D) decide if risk is tolerable and apply risk control
measures (if necessary).

17. Process of HIRARC
(A) Classify work activities
 geographical or physical areas
within/outside premises;
 stages in production/service process;
 Routine & Non-routine activities

18. Process of HIRARC
(B) Hazard Identification
 to highlight the critical operations of tasks, that
is, those tasks posing significant risks to the
health and safety of employees as well as
highlighting those hazards pertaining to certain
equipment due to energy sources, working
conditions or activities performed.

19. Process of HIRARC
(B) Hazard Identification – Types of
Hazards
1. Chemical hazards
2. Physical hazards
3. Biological hazards
4. Ergonomic hazards
5. Mechanical hazards
6. Electrical hazards
7. Fire / flammability/Explosion hazards

20. Process of HIRARC
(C) Analyze and Estimate Risk
 Risk = Likelihood (L) x Severity (S)
 Likelihood - event likely to occur within the specific
period or in specified circumstances
 Severity - outcome from an event such as severity of
injury or health of people, or damage to property, or insult
to environment, or any combination of those caused by the
event.

22. Process of HIRARC – Risk Assessment
(C) Decide if Risk is tolerable?
 (S x L = Risk)
This “Risk Matrix” table is
according to the DOSH’s
Guidelines for HIRARC 2008

23. Process of HIRARC
(D) Risk Control
 What Action to take?
This “Risk Control” table is
according to the DOSH’s
Guidelines for HIRARC 2008

24. Process of HIRARC – Risk Control
(D) Risk Control
When to take the Action?
 Significant Risk when is legal non-
compliance
 Significant Risk when is High – Medium
risk

25. Process of HIRARC – Risk Control
(D) Risk Control
 Objectives, Targets & Programs (a.k.a
Action Plans)
The Significant Risk levels identified shall be
considered for OHS objectives, targets &
programs setting. Objectives and targets
established shall be reviewed in the
Management Review.

26. Implement Risk Control Actions
(D) Risk Control Steps
 Remove hazards at source before applying
administrative measures.
 Prioritizes according to hierarchy of control.
 Establish “system of work” for administrative
control.
 Inform/train affected employees prior to
implementation.

27. Implement the Control Actions
 Types of controls:
 At the source hazards by “Elimination or
substitution”
 Eg. For example, a salvage firm might decide to
stop buying and cutting up scrapped bulk fuel
tanks due to explosion hazards.

28. Implement the Control Actions
 Types of controls:
 Engineering Controls
 Example:
 Redesign - For example, containers can be made easier
to hold and lift.
 Isolation - For example, an insulated & air-conditioned
control room can protect operators from a toxic chemical.
 Automation - For example, computer-controlled robots
can handle spot welding operations in car plants.

29. Implement the Control Actions
 Types of controls:
 Engineering Controls
 Example:
 Barriers - For example, special curtains can prevent eye
injuries from welding arc radiation. Proper equipment
guarding will protect workers from con tacting moving
parts.
 Absorption - Baffles can block or absorb noise. Lockout
systems can isolate energy
 Dilution - For example, ventilation systems can dilute
toxic gasses before they reach operators.

30. Implement the Control Actions
 Types of controls:
 Administrative Controls
 Example:
 Safe work procedures - Workers can be required to
use standardized safety practices.
 Supervision and training
 Job rotations - can reduce the time that
workers are exposed to a hazard.

31. Implement the Control Actions
 Types of controls:
 Administrative Controls. Example:
 Housekeeping, repair and maintenance
programs - Housekeeping includes
 Hygiene - Hygiene practices can reduce the
risk of toxic materials being absorbed

32. Implement the Control Actions
 Types of controls:
 PPE
 PPE and clothing is used when other controls measures are
not feasible and where additional protection is needed.
Last choice.
 Workers must be trained to use and maintain equipment
properly.
 The employer and workers must understand the limitations
of the personal protective equipment.
 The employer is expected to require workers to use their
equipment whenever it is needed.
 Care must be taken to ensure that equipment is working
properly.

33. Implement the Control Actions
 Types of controls:
 Safe Work Procedures
 step by step instructions that allow workers to
conduct their work safety when hazards are
present.
 identifies the materials and equipment needed,
and how and when to use them safety.

34. Implement the Control Actions
 Types of controls:
 Safe Work Procedures must include:
 regulatory requirements;
 necessary personal protective equipment;
 required training;
 worker responsibilities;
 specific sequence of steps to follow to complete
the work safely;
 required permits; and
 emergency procedures.

35. Review & Verify Action Plans
Before Implementation
 Will the revised controls lead to low risk levels?
 Are new hazards created?
 Has the most cost-effective solution been
chosen?
 What do people affected think about the need for,
and practicality of, the revised preventive
measures?
 Will the revised controls be used in practice, and
not ignored in the face of, for example, pressures
to get the job done?

36. Hierarchy of Control
(D) Risk Control Steps
a) Elimination (– remove hazard) & Substitution (–
use less hazardous ones)
b) Isolation (– barriers, etc) & Engineering (–
guarding)
c) Administrative
 Safe work practises, PEL
 Labelling/Training
d) PPE – last resort !

37. Sample of HIRARC