The document discusses self-organizing networks (SON). It defines SON as an automation technology to simplify network management. SON has three main areas: self-configuration, self-optimization, and self-healing. Self-configuration allows for automatic configuration of new base stations. Self-optimization continually adjusts network parameters to optimize coverage, capacity, and interference. Self-healing enables automatic detection and resolution of faults to temporarily work around problems until permanent solutions are implemented. The benefits of SON include reduced costs, improved network performance and user experience, and more optimized use of resources.

1. Student Name:- Pankaj Chomal
Subject:- COTN
SYMBIOSI INSTITUTE OF TELECOM MANAGEMENT
MBA

2. Objective
 Understand Self Organizing Network (SON)
 Concept of Self Organizing Network (SON)
 Transition from Conventional Network Operation (CNO) to
SON
 Coverage and Capacity Optimization in Self Organizing
Network (SON)
 Benefits of SON

3. What is SON ?
 A self-organizing Network (SON) is an automation technology
designed to make the planning, configuration, management,
optimization and healing of mobile radio access networks simpler
and faster.
 The Third Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP has introduced the
concept of self-organising networks, SON into Release 8 of their
standards, and in addition to this the Next Generation Mobile
Networks, NGMN alliance introduced the concept of SON with the
aims of:
 Reducing the operating cost by reducing the level of human
intervention in network design, build and operation
 Reducing capital expenditure by optimising the use of
available resources
 Protecting revenue by reducing the number of human errors

4. SON Architecture
The three SON architecture options (NMS = network management system, EMS = element management system,
OSS = operational support system).

5. Concept of Self Organizing Network (SON)
 There are three main areas over which the self-organising networks
operate.
 Self configuration: The aim is for base stations to become essentially
"Plug and Play" items. They should need as little manual intervention in the
configuration process as possible. This will enable the skill level of installers
to be reduced, thereby saving costs while improving the reliability.
Accordingly this is a major element within the overall self organising
network, SON software. This is the dynamic plug-and-play configuration
of newly deployed eNBs. The eNB will by itself configure the Physical Cell
Identity, transmission frequency and power, leading to faster cell
planning and rollout.
 Dynamic configuration includes the configuration of the Layer 1
identifier, Physical cell identity (PCI) and Cell global ID (CGID).
PCI reporting UE supported reporting of CGID

6. Concept of Self Organizing Network (SON)
 Self optimisation: Once the system has been set up, it will be necessary
to optimise the operational characteristics to best meet the needs of the
overall network. This is achieved by self-optimisation routines within the
overall self-organising network, SON software. Functions for self-
optimisation are mainly included in Release 9. It includes optimisation of
coverage, capacity, handover and interference.
 Mobility load balancing (MLB) is a function where cells suffering
congestion can transfer load to other cells, which have spare
resources. MLB includes load reporting between eNBs to exchange
information about load level and available capacity.

7. Concept of Self Organizing Network (SON)
 Self-healing: Any system will develop faults from time to time. This can
cause major inconvenience to users, however it is often possible for the
overall network to change its characteristics to temporarily mask the
effects of the fault. Boundaries of adjacent cells can be increased by
increasing power levels and changing antenna elevations, etc. This self-
healing aspect of SON, self-organizing networks is of great interest.
Features for automatic detection and removal of failures and automatic
adjustment of parameters are mainly specified in Release 10.
 Minimization of drive tests (MDT), is enabling normal UEs to provide the
same type of information as those collected in drive test. A great
advantage is that UEs can retrieve and report parameters from indoor
environments.

8. Transition from Conventional Network
Operation to SON
 Manual Network operation of Cellular Networks
Manual Network Operation

9. Transition from Conventional Network
Operation to SON

10. Coverage and Capacity Optimization in
Self Organizing Network (SON)
 The Self-Organizing Network (SON), introduced as part of the 3GPP Long-Term
Evolution (LTE) is a key driver for improving Operation and Maintenance (OAM)
of the mobile networks. The goal of SON is to simplify the network
management by auto-configuration and auto-optimization. Optimization of
coverage and capacity is one of the high-level SON use cases. This paper
provides some background of SON principles and presents a model that
illustrates the SON optimization of coverage and capacity. Based on input
parameters, better coverage in this model is ensured by automatic adjustment
of antenna tilt.
 Coverage and capacity optimization (CCO) is one of the typical operational
tasks of SON. CCO allows the system to periodically adjust to the changes in
traffic (i.e., load and location) and the radio environment by adjusting the key
radio frequency (RF) parameters (e.g., antenna configuration and power)
through intelligent algorithms. For the online CCO problem, there is no definite
mapping function from the inputs and parameters to be adjusted to the
coverage and capacity performance. The main reason is the complexity of
adjusting all the configuration parameters affecting both coverage and
capacity. In addition, the configuration parameter space is too large, which
prohibits exhaustive search. Thereby, most algorithms are designed in a
heuristic way.

11. Benefits of SON
The main benefits of introducing SON functions in cellular networks are as
follows.
1. Reduced installation time and costs.
2. Reduced OPEX due to reductions in manual efforts in connection with
monitoring, optimizing, diagnosing, and healing of the network.
3. Reduced CAPEX due to more optimized use of network elements and
spectrum.
4. Improved user experience.
5. Improved network performance.
The main features that are important for an operator concerning SON:
a. timing of introduction of SON functions,
b. possible savings,
c. QoS and performance improvements, and
d. coordination between SON functions