1. PAET 4101
SOCIOLOGY OF SCHOOLING
Lecturer : Dr. Abd Razak Bin Zakaria
Group Member : Amy Yu Shi Chia (PET080001)
Chui Jun Hui (PET080003)
Zhao Cai Ling (PET080736)

2. The relationship between school and
community structure, differences in
socioeconomic status.
School
Community Structure
+
Differences In
Socioeconomic Status

3. The Relationship Between School
And Community Structure

4. What’s a Community?
• A social structure that shares personal
values, cultural values, business
goals, attitudes, or a world view.
• What binds it is a community culture of social
rules and group dynamics that identify
members. (Strauss, 2009)

5. Why educators “dislike” community
engagement?
• Time commitment
• Do not understand enough about the problems
that educators face (Jennings, 1997)
• Worried that public will want to become
involved in decisions that are best left in the
hands of school faculty or staff.
• Fear any loss in power.

6. BUT!!!!!
Michael Fullan (2000, p.159) advises:
Respect those you want to silence!!!

7. A more engaged community improved
teaching and learning
• Numerous educational researches over the
past 30 years provided support for the claim
that family and community involvement in
schools has a positive impact on student
achievement (Henderson & Berla, 1994;
Henderson & Mapp, 2002; US Department of
Education, 1994).

8. How the community participates
Formal Participation:
a) Parent-Teachers Association
b) School-sponsored citizens advisory committees
c) Alumni Associations
d) Individual – School Vote
Informal Participation:
a) School Caucus
b) Individual – members of organization/ complain
letter

9. Types of participation
• In planning
• In policy making
• In communication
• In problem solving
• In developing program
• In financing
• In evaluation

10. LEVELS OF CITIZEN PARTICIPATION
Making judgments
and developing
recommendations
(3rd Level)
Classifying and
interpreting data
(2nd Level)
Collecting and assembling information
(1st Level)

11. The Outcomes
- More support for out-of-school-learning
- Greater levels of community trust in schools
- Better attendance at school conferences
- More volunteering and support for all aspects
of a school function
- The development of a better policy and
legislation.

12. The Relationship Between School
And Socioeconomic Status

13. Socioeconomic Status
An individual’s or a group’s position within a
hierachical social structure. (The American Heritage® New
Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition)
A family's socioeconomic status is based on
- family income
- parental education level
- parental occupation
- social status in the community

14. High socioeconomic status families will be
more success in preparing young children
for school
• wide range of resources
• high-quality child care
• books
• toys to encourage learning activities
• children's health
• social, emotional, and cognitive development.
• parents lack the time and energy

15. Low socioeconomic status families face
more formidable challenges in preparing
young children for school.
• lack of financial support
• lack of educational supports
• parents may not have the time, energy, or knowledge.

16. How to help students from low
socioeconomic status family
School
• Maximize time on task
• Hold high expectations
• Establish a school climate that is supportive of academic
learning.
Family
• Strengthen parental involvement and support.
Government
• Policies and legislation
- Free education
- Free text books
- Voucher for stationary and reading material.

17. Bottom Line
• No man is an island
• All For One, One For All
Thank You!