The document discusses three eras of information technology: mainframe, PC/web, and cloud/mobile/IoT. The current era is driven by consumer/social apps, new systems of engagement, and the internet of things. To succeed in this era, organizations must innovate, automate, and learn continuously like modern software companies. This requires adopting two modes of IT - Mode 1 focuses on safety and accuracy, while Mode 2 is exploratory, rapid, and non-linear. Mode 2 involves integrated development teams, agile practices, continuous delivery on optimized platforms, and analytics and learning at scale in the cloud. The key to transforming organizations is building on a modern foundation through people, technology, partnerships, and