low cost housing

HOUSING 1.6.SPECIAL TOPIC STUDY
PRESENTATION
NAME: S.PRABHAKARAN
REG NO: 151011101039
RURAL STUDIO 2017 – 1.6 STUDY
Faculty of Architecture
Dr.M.G.R.University
Co-ordinator: Prof Dr.Kumudhavalli Sasidhar
Faculty Team: Ar. Indrapriya Devaanand
Ar.Prabhakaran Punniyakoti
Ar.Vaishnavi Loganathan

CONTENTS
 DEFINITION
 KEY FEATURES
 MATERIALS
 REDUCING COST FROM AREA
 CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES ADOPTED
• WALL
• FOUNDATION
• LINTEL
• ROOFS
• DOORS
• WINDOWS

ARANYA,INDORE,MADHYA PRADESH
•The master plan was divided into
six sectors with a central spine
area of commercial and
institutional land use.
•The town centre in the middle
part of the spine consisted of four
clusters of shopping, residential
and office complexes.
It has a clustered & dispersed settlements

DEFINITION
• Low cost housing is
considered a concept
of reduction in the cost
of construction without
sacrificing the strength
required for the
performance of the
building.It is also known
as affordable housing.

KEY FEATURES
In expensive to build
Save money while also maintaining building
quality
Not sacrificing the strength , performance and life
of the structure
Takes less time in building in comparison to the
conventional ones
Final result should be affordable for most people

Reducing cost from area
Reduce plinth area by using thinner wall
concept.
Use locally available material in an innovative
form like soil cement blocks in place of burnt
brick.
Use energy efficiency materials which
consumes less energy like concrete block in
place of burnt brick.

MATERIALS
NATURAL MATERIALS-
1. Bamboo
2. Earth
3. Straw
4. Fiber-cement composites

Foundation
Wall
Lintel
Roof

 The foundation cost comes
to about 10 to 15% of the
total building
 Suggested to adopt arch
foundation in ordinary soil
for effecting reduction in
construction cost up to 40%.
 In the case black cotton and
other soft soils it is
recommend to use under
ream pile foundation which
saves about 20 to 25% in
cost over the conventional
method of construction.

IT IS USED IN THE SOFT SOIL TO REDUCE THE DEPTH OF THE
FOUNDATION
IT IS USED TO PROVIDED FOR MULTI STOREY BUILDING IN THE
OLDEN TIMES
HOWEEVER WITH THE ADVENT OF REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE
CONSTRUCTION PRACTICE, INVERTED ARCH FOOTING IS RARELY
USED THESE DAYS
BUT BY USING THIS THE DEPTH OF FOUNDATION IS GREATLY
REDUCED
USES

DRAWBACK OF ARCH FOUNDATION
One of the drawback in this type of
construction is that end piles have to be specially
strengthened by buttresses to avoid the arches thrust
tending to rapture the pier junction.

RANDOM RUBBLE STONE FOUNDATION
Random rubble
masonry in
mud/cement mortar
placed in excavation
over thick sand bed.
Rubble pointing
above ground level
in stabilized cement
mortar.

FOUNDATION FOR SINGLE STOREY
• MAXIMUM WIDTH REQUIRED= 2 X WIDTH OF THE
WALL +0.3m
• SAFE PERMISSIBLE ON BASE = 175 KN/sqm
• W (WEIHT OF SOIL) = 18 KN/sqm
• ASSUMING BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL= 200
Km/sqm
Thus provide a foundation width= 85 cm and depth 100
cm

 Making use of Rat – trap bond
wall & Concrete block wall.
 It is a cavity wall construction and
leads to reduction in the quantity
of bricks required for masonry
work.
 Material cost of bricks can be
reduced by 25% and about 10to
15% in the masonry cost.
 Can create aesthetically pleasing
wall surface and plastering can be
avoided.

Cost saving in rat trap bond
• 1.11 bags(57% saving)=Rs 288/m3 saving in
cement cost
• 80 nos of bricks(20% saving)=Rs 576 saving in
brick cost
• 0.18 m3 less sand (61% saving)= Rs 13/m3
saving

DISADVANTAGE OF RAT TRAP BOND
• It has to be done by masons trained in rat trap
bond , because there could be wastage of
mortar falling into the gap
• The other drawback is in using concealed
wiring and plumbing. if u break one brick ,
then more than one brick will fall down

a)Stabilized compressed
earth blocks
A good walling
material as burnt bricks
and is economical,
stronger, energy saving
and simple to
manufacture.

b) Fly ash gypsum
stabilized mud
blocks
Are much
stronger with less
water absorption
and cheaper than
cement stabilized
blocks.

c) Flyash- lime gypsum
products
 Can be used a
cementations material for
mortar/plaster and for
masonry blocks of any
desired strength.
 It can also be used for road
pavements and plain
concrete in the form of Fal-
G concrete.

 d) Clay red mud burnt bricks
o Posses all the physical
properties of normal clay bricks
and solves the problem of
disposal of the waste product
and environmental pollution.
o In addition, they have good
architectural value as facing
bricks due to their pleasing hues
of color.

e)Precast stone blocks:
o It is a concrete masonry
product simulating
natural-cut stone and is
used for architectural
application
o Used for architectural
features: ornament;
facing buildings or other
structures; and for
garden ornaments

The traditional R.C.C. lintels which
are costly can be replaced by brick
arches for small spans and save
construction cost up to 30 to 40%
over the traditional method of
construction.
 By adopting arches of different
shapes a good architectural
pleasing appearance can be given
to the external wall surfaces of
the brick masonry.

FILLER SLAB
It is one cost – effective roofing system which is
based on the concrete portions and instead
placing filler material there
• Reduces the cost of the slab by around 25 to 30%
• Creates interesting designs and patterns on the
ceiling

FILLER SLAB

COST SAVINGS
For 1m3: RCC filler slab vs conventional solid RCC
slab
• 1.61 bags(19% saving) = Rs418/m3 saving in
cement cost
• 0.09m3 less sand(19% saving)= Rs21/m3 saving in
sand
• 0.18m3 less aggregates(19% saving)=Rs127/m3
saving in aggregate cost
• 10kg less steel/m3 of slab casted=Rs500/m3
saving in reinforcement cost

JACK ARCH ROOF
They are easy to
construct, save on
cement and steel, are
more appropriate in hot
climates. These can be
constructed using
compressed earth blocks
also as alternative to
bricks for further
economy.

BRICK JALI
 THE COMMON BURNT BRICK IS
ONE OF MAN’S GREAT
INVENTIONS. ALL OVER THE
WORLD, WITH ONLY A FEW
EXCEPTIONS, NEARLY ALL BRICKS
ARE ROUGHLY THE SAME SHAPE
AND SIZE - THAT IS ABOUT 9 X 4.5
X 3 INCHES.
 IN MANY OF THESE SITUATIONS
LISTED ABOVE A “JALI” IS JUST AS
EFFECTIVE. FAR FROM BEING A LOT
MORE COSTLY THAN THE BASIC
WALL, IF MADE OF BRICK IT CAN
BE LESS COSTLY THAN THE HOUSE
WALL!

MORE USES
BRICK JALI CAN
BE USED
INSTEAD OF
PARAPET WALL
OR BOUNDARY
WALLS...

Instead of using regular
walling system of lintel
and window system ,jali
work can help cost
estimation.

DOORS & WINDOWS
• It is suggested not to use wood for doors and
windows in its place concrete or steel frames
shall be used
• It helps for achieving saving in cost up to 30 to
40%.
• Similarly for shutters commercially available
block boards, fibre and wooden practical
boards etc…

STEEL DOORS CONCRETE DOORS

low cost housing

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