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What Is Satire?

Professor Will Adams
  Valencia College
      Fall 2011
Definition
O A literary work that ridicules its subject in
  order to make a comment or criticism
  about it.

O Although satire is usually witty, and often
  very funny, the purpose of satire is to
  criticize in order to shame someone or
  something into reform.

O Satire usually has a definite target, which
  may be a person or group of people, an
  idea or attitude, an institution or a social
  practice.
First Type of Satire
O Formal
 O In formal satire, the satiric
   voice speaks, usually in the
   first person, either directly to
   the reader or to a character in
   the written work.
 O There are two types of formal
   satire:      Horatian and
   Juvenalian
Horatian Satire
O Horatian
 Satire, named
 for the Roman
 poet, Horace, is
 gentle, urbane,
 smiling; it aims
 to correct
 through gentle
 and
 sympathetic
 laughter.
Horatian Satire
Juvenalian Satire
O Juvenalian Satire,
 named for the
 Roman poet
 Juvenal, is biting,
 bitter, angry; it
 points with
 contempt and
 moral indignation
 to the corruption
 and evil of human
 beings and
 institutions.
Juvenalian Satire
Hum2220 1800 what is satire
Second Type of Satire
Indirect Satire:
O In indirect satire, the satire is
  expressed through a narrative,
  and the characters or groups
  who are the focus of the satire
  are ridiculed not by what is said
  about them, but by what they
  themselves say and do.
O Much of the great literary satire
  is indirect.
Examples of Indirect Satire:
O The Simpsons       O Clueless
O Family Guy         O Saturday Night
O South Park             Live
O Brave New World    O   MAD TV
O Great              O   Naked Gun
  Expectations       O   The Truman Show
O Scary Movie 1, 2   O   Scrubs
  and 3              O   Huckleberry Finn
O Chappelle’s Show
Questions to Consider
O What is the author’s
  tone?
O What is the author’s
  purpose?
O Is it effective?
O What is the
  dominant satirical
  device used?
Four Techniques of Satire
1. Exaggeration
    To enlarge, increase, or represent something beyond normal
    bounds so that it becomes ridiculous and its faults can be seen.
2. Incongruity
    To present things that are out of place or are absurd in relation
    to their surroundings.
3. Reversal
    To present the opposite of the normal order (e.g., the order of
    events hierarchical order).
4. Parody
    To imitate the techniques and/or style of some person, place or
    thing.
Exaggeration
Incongruity
Reversal
Parody
Let’s Practice!
Identify the satire being utilized.
Horation or Juvenalian?
Horation or Juvenalian?
Horation or Juvenalian?
Horation or Juvenalian?
Horation or Juvenalian?
Horation or Juvenalian?
Horatian or Juvenalian?
Horation or Juvenalian?
Horation or Juvenalian?
Horation or Juvenalian?
Horation or Juvenalian?
Which of the Four Types?
Which of the Four Types?
Which of the Four Types?
Which of the Four Types?
Which of the Four Types?
Which of the Four Types?
Which of the Four Types?
Which of the Four Types?
Which of the Four Types?
Which of the Four Types?
Which of the Four Types?
Which of the Four Types?
The Harvard Sailing Team’s “Boys Will
  Be Girls” – All Four Techniques!
Saturday Night Live – Modern Political
  Satire Using All Four Techniques!

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Hum2220 1800 what is satire