A brief Overview of the Concept of (Language) Learning Strategies

1. An Introduction and Overview Multiple IntelligencesLanguage Learning Strategiesand Lexis© Developed by William M. Tweedie

2. Objectives You will learn: What language learning strategies are What learning styles are That language learning strategies are linked to learning styles Categories and groups of language learning strategies Some activities to apply strategy instruction in your classrooms

3. What are Language LearningStrategies? Human Language is a means of Communicating our thoughts and feelings to others. Learning is “the process by which information is obtained, stored, retrieved, and used”. * Language Learning Strategies are any activities, steps, plans, or routines used by the learner which affect this process with the goal to improve the learningof language for the use of it. * J. Rubin. Learner strategies: Theoretical assumptions, research history and typology. In A. Wenden and J. Rubin, editors, Learner Strategies in Language Learning, page 29. Prentice Hall, New York, 1987.

4. Learning Style is a reflection of the development of one’s Multiple Intelligences at any given moment in time. The development of the various intelligences dictates preferred or successful ways of learning. Being conscious of your Learning Style will help you choose successful learning Strategies. All the Intelligences and all Learning Strategies can be developed. Strategies and Styles

5. Knowledge Check-up What are the Intelligences that have been identified so far in the theory put forth by Howard Gardiner? Hint: There are eight or nine (depending on the proponent of the Theory you read) Another hint: think of the most famous people you know in history or today. What gift do they have. Brainstorm!!

6. Logical Mathematical Multiple Intelligences

7. Visual Spatial Multiple Intelligences

8. Verbal Linguistic Multiple Intelligences

9. Bodily Kinaesthetic Multiple Intelligences

10. Musical Rhythmical Multiple Intelligences

11. Interpersonal Multiple Intelligences

12. Intrapersonal Multiple Intelligences

13. Naturalist Multiple Intelligences

14. Existentialist Multiple Intelligences

15. Strategies and Styles

16. Categories and Groups

17. Direct Strategies Direct Strategies Require mental processing of language Memory strategies are used to store and retrieve information from memory Cognitive strategies require understanding for effective production of language Compensation strategies allow learners to use the language despite gaps in knowledge

18. Indirect Strategies Indirect Strategies Do not require mental processing of language Metacognitive strategies involve such things as planning, coordinating, evaluating Affective strategies aim to control emotion and motivation Social strategies are used to engage thehelp of others in the acquisition process

19. Activities to Practise

20. Language Learning Strategies and Lexis © 2002 Kenmac Educan International and William M. Tweedie a course book in progress for beginner to low intermediate level Young Adult and Adult learners of English as a Foreign Language. It is based on the framework laid out in the highly recommended Language learning Strategies: What Every Teacher Should Know by Rebecca L. Oxford (1990) Boston, Heinle &Heinle Thank you for contributing to it’s development! Course Note