2. Aim of the project
• Designing a system which makes the Wood
cutter based motor running through solar energy.
• The mechanised wood-cutter design is according
to the present market demand and to fulfil criteria
customers needs.
• It should be designed to crest a product in the
market so that it will more quality and innovative.
3. • The project provides learning’s on the
following advancements:
• Solar panel characteristics.
• Charging circuit.
• High torque DC Motor
• Rack & Pinion Mechanism
• The major building blocks of this project
are:
• Solar panel.
• Charging circuit.
• Wood/Metal cutter mounted on motor
5. Solar panel
• IT refers to a set of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules electrically connected and
mounted on a supporting structure.
• A PV module is a packaged, connected assembly of solar cells. Solar panels
can be used as a component of a larger photovoltaic system to generate and
supply electricity in commercial and residential applications.
• A photovoltaic system typically includes a panel or an array of solar modules,
an inverter, and sometimes a battery and/or solar tracker and interconnection
wiring.
6. DC motor
• It is any of a class of electrical machines that converts direct current
electrical power into mechanical power. The most common types rely on the
forces produced by magnetic fields.
• Nearly all types of DC motors have some internal mechanism, either
electromechanical or electronic, to periodically change the direction of
current flow in part of the motor. Most types produce rotary motion; a linear
motor directly produces force and motion in a straight line.
• The advent of power electronics has made replacement of DC motors with
AC motors possible in many applications.
7. ROLLER BEARING
• It is a bearing which carries a load by placing rolling elements (such
as balls or rollers) between two bearing rings called races.
• The relative motion of the races causes the rolling elements to roll
with very little rolling resistance and with little sliding.
• Cylindrical roller
• Common roller bearings use cylinders of
Slightly greater length than diameter.
Roller bearings typically have higher load
capacity than ball bearings, but a lower
capacity and higher friction under loads
perpendicular to the primary supported direction.
8. rack and pinion
• It is a type of linear actuator that comprises a pair of gears which convert
rotational motion into linear motion. A circular gear called "the pinion"
engages teeth on a linear "gear" bar called "the rack"; rotational motion
applied to the pinion causes the rack to move, thereby translating the
rotational motion of the pinion into the linear motion of the rack.
• Rack and pinion combinations are often used as part of a simple linear
actuator, where the rotation of a shaft powered by hand or by a motor is
converted to linear motion.
• For example, in a rack railway, the rotation of a pinion mounted on
a locomotive or a railcarengages a rack between the rails and forces
a train up a steep slope.
9. DPDT Switch
• DPDT stands for double pole double throw relay. Relay is an electromagnetic
device used to separate two circuits electrically and connect them magnetically
• a DPDT relay can also be used to
change the polarity at the terminals
of a device connected at output.
• For example, to drive a DC motor in both clockwise and anticlockwise
directions, following connections can be done
10. DC motor control circuit using NE555
• A simple DC motor controller circuit using NE555 is shown here. Many DC
motor speed control circuits have been published here but this is the first
one using NE555 timer IC. In addition to controlling the motors speed its
direction of rotation can be also changed using this circuit.
• A PWM circuit based on timer NE555 is the heart of this circuit. NE555 is
wired as an a stable multi vibrator whose duty cycle can be adjusted by
varying the POT R1. The output of IC1 is coupled to the base of transistor
Q1 which drives the motor according to the PWM signal available at its base.
• Higher the duty cycle the average voltage across motor will be high which
results in higher motor speed and vice versa. Change of DC motor direction
is attained using the DPDT switch S1 which on application just toggles the
polarity applied to the motor.
11. electric battery
• An electric battery is a device consisting
of one or more electrochemical cells that
convert stored chemical energy into
electrical energy.
• Each cell contains a positive terminal,
or cathode, and a negative terminal,
or anode. Electrolytes allow ions to move
between the electrodes and terminals,
which allows current to flow out of the
battery to perform work.
12. universal joint
• A universal joint, (universal coupling, U-joint, Cardan joint, Hardy-
Spicerjoint, or Hooke's joint) is a joint or coupling in a rigid rod that allows
the rod to 'bend' in any direction, and is commonly used in shafts that
transmit rotary motion.
• It consists of a pair of hinges located close together, oriented at 90° to each
other, connected by a cross shaft.
• The universal joint is not a constant velocity joint.
13. hacksaw blade
• It is a fine-toothed saw, originally and principally for cutting metal. They can
also cut various other materials, such as plastic and wood; for
example, plumbers and electricians often cut plastic pipe and plastic
conduit with them. There are hand saw versions and powered versions
(power hacksaws).
• Most hacksaws are hand saws with a C-shaped frame that holds
a blade under tension. Such hacksaws have a handle, usually a pistol grip,
with pins for attaching a narrow disposable blade. The frames may also be
adjustable to accommodate blades of different sizes. A screw or other
mechanism is used to put the thin blade under tension.
14. NUT
• A nut is a type of fastener with a threaded hole. Nuts are almost always
used opposite a mating bolt to fasten a stack of parts together.
• The two partners are kept together by a combination of their threads'
friction, a slight stretch of the bolt, and compression of the parts.
• The most common shape is hexagonal, for similar reasons as the bolt head -
6 sides give a good granularity of angles.
• Screws and bolts are usually made of steel. Where great resistance to
weather or corrosion is required, like in very small screws or medical
implants, materials such as stainless steel, brass, titanium, bronze, silicon
bronze or monel may be used.
15. Bolt
• A screw, or bolt, is a type of fastener characterized by a helical ridge,
known as a male thread (external thread) or just thread, wrapped around a
cylinder. Some screw threads are designed to mate with a complementary
thread, known as a female thread (internal thread), often in the form of
a nut or an object that has the internal thread formed into it.
• The most common uses of screws are to hold objects together and to
position objects.
• Screws and bolts are usually made of steel. Where great resistance to
weather or corrosion is required, like in very small screws or medical
implants, materials such as stainless steel, brass, titanium, bronze, silicon
bronze or monel may be used.
16. Dowel Pin
• A dowel is a solid cylindrical rod, usually made of wood, plastic, or metal.
In its original manufactured form, a dowel is called a dowel rod. Dowel
rods are often cut into short lengths called dowel pins.
• To precisely align two objects in a dowel joint: a hole is bored in both
objects and the dowel pin is inserted into the aligned hole.
• We have developed various types of Dowel and Taper Pins. They can be
Std. Dowel Pin, Straight Dowel Pin, Socket Pin, Grooved Pin, Under Cut
Pin, Internal & External Thread Dowel Pin/Taper Pin (Only against Order).
