The document discusses using Java and GraalVM to build efficient DevOps tooling. It describes how GraalVM can eliminate extraneous cognitive load through polyglot programming and ahead-of-time compilation. It provides examples of using Picocli and GraalVM to build command line interfaces for operations tasks like container orchestration and managing Kubernetes deployments through operators.

1. Efficient DevOps Tooling
with Java and GraalVM
JCON2020#
www.jcon.one
Mario-Leander Reimer
Principal Software Architect, QAware GmbH
Our Partners 2020:

2. Mario-Leander Reimer
Principal Software Architect
@LeanderReimer
#cloudnativenerd #qaware

3. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
How do you organise and enable
DevOps teams for
fast flow and high productivity?
3

4. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
Too much cognitive load will become a bottleneck
for fast flow and high productivity.
• Instrinsic Cognitive Load - relates to fundamental aspects
and knowledge in the problem space (e.g. used languages,
APIs, frameworks)
• Extraneous Cognitive Load - relates to the environment
(e.g. deployment, configuration, console commands)
• Germane Cognitive Load - relates to specific aspects of the
business domain (aka. „value added“ thinking)
4
https://teamtopologies.com

5. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
Eliminate
extraneous cognitive load
Minimize
intrinsic cognitive load
5

6. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON20206

7. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
Use the right language for the job!?
7
Getty Images Liliboas
Ansible Shell ScriptsRuby Python

8. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON20208

9. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
GraalVM to the Rescue!
9

10. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
GraalVM in a Nutshell
• Polyglot Runtime: runs all JVM languages, R, JavaScript, NodeJS,
Ruby, Python, C/C++ via LLVM with full interop
• Ahead-of-time (AOT) Compilation: memory management, thread
scheduling via SubstrateVM
• GraalVM as a Platform: embed and extend GraalVM with Truffle,
implement your own language and tools
10

11. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
Polyglot Mayhem
• The Graal Polyglot API allows you to embed and use different
languages with full bidirectional interop.
• This is not the same as with the Java Scripting API (JSR 223)!
11
private static void helloPython(PolyglotMessage message) {
try (Context context = Context.newBuilder().allowAllAccess(true).build()) {
context.getPolyglotBindings().putMember("message", message);
context.eval("python",
"import polyglotn" +
"message = polyglot.import_value('message')n" +
"message['invocations'] += 1n" +
"print(message['text'])");
}
}

12. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
The Swiss Army Knife of Operations.
12
CLIs - The Swiss Army Knife of Operations

13. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
The basics of 12-factor CLI apps
• Great help is essential. What version am I on?
• Prefer flags to positional arguments.
• Mind the streams. stdout is for output, stderr is for messaging.
• Handle things going wrong: error code, title, how to fix, URL, …
• Be fancy: use colours, have shell completion.
• Prompt if you can.
• Be speedy. CLIs need to start fast.
• Be clear about subcommands.
13
For complete list and info, read https://medium.com/@jdxcode/12-factor-cli-apps-dd3c227a0e46

14. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
Build CLIs with Picocli and GraalVM
• Native DevOps tools, CLIs or sidecar containers can now also be
build using Java! Golang is still cool.
• Picoli is a small framework to easily build JVM command line apps.
• Support for ANSI colors, tab completion, sub commands and other
12-factor CLI app principles
• In-built support for GraalVM AOT compilation to native images via the
ReflectionConfigGenerator utility.
14

15. JCON2020#
www.jcon.one
Code & Demos
https://github.com/lreimer/hands-on-graalvm
https://github.com/lreimer/microj-cli
https://github.com/lreimer/microj-jakartaee8-payara5

16. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
Container Orchestration Patterns
16
Sidecar Container
Extended Container Behaviour
• Log Extraction / Reformatting
(fluentd, file beat)
• Scheduling (cron, quartz)
Ambassador Container
Proxy Communication
• TLS Tunnel (ghostunnel, Istio)
• Circuit Breaking (linked, Istio)
• Request Monitoring (linked, Istio)
Adapter Container
Standardized Ops Interfaces
• Monitoring (Prometheus)
• Configuration (ConfigMaps, Secrets, …)

17. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON202017
Operator.
- Do stuff to my Kubernetes.

18. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
What are operators?
• Operators are codified Ops procedures!
• Operators are the path towards Zero-Ops. They enable auto-updating,
self-monitoring and self-healing infrastructure and applications.
• The concept was coined in the Kubernetes world. It’s now been
adopted and used widespread in the cloud native world.
• Examples: OKD, Sealed Secrets, Kube Monkey, Weave Flux
18

19. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
Kubernetes Operators in a Nutshell
19

20. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
The Kill Pod Operator
20
• Super simple Chaos monkey style operator inspired by Kubemonkey
• Regularly kills pods of deployments that are killpod/enabled
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-killpod-enabled
labels:
killpod/enabled: "true"
killpod/application: nginx-killpod-enabled
killpod/delay: "30"
killpod/amount: "2"
spec:
...

21. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
The Super Secret Operator
21
• Apply asymmetrical encrypted secrets, the operator will decrypt and manage ordinary
K8s secrets under the hood
• Inspired by Sealed Secrets from Bitnami https://github.com/bitnami-labs/sealed-secrets
apiVersion: operators.on.hands/v1alpha1
kind: SuperSecret
metadata:
name: supersecret-test
spec:
secretData:
password: eV7YoQXyZlY+y51RWXEqyu0U44EPEPwEz+fZvGo+7McOTA4wQYCdxXMANtab3aW8
...
ywqpkHYtSLvrPgFnbcuSvD2UzuUNeE2qkh6SAM1z9Lpfwi+IUZjaY34Z+RjEL5OZFPYkQ==

22. // JCON 2020 // Efficient DevOps Tooling with Java and GraalVM // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware #JCON2020
The Microservice Operator
22
apiVersion: operators.on.hands/v1alpha1
kind: Microservice
metadata:
name: microservice-test
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
replicas: 2
image: nginx:1.17.6
ports:
- containerPort: 80
serviceType: LoadBalancer
• Abstracting the usual Deployment, Service and ConfigMap definitions
using a simple and unified Microservice CRD

23. JCON2020#
www.jcon.one
Code & Demos
https://github.com/lreimer/graal-operators

24. Thank You !
JCON2020#
www.jcon.one
Our Partners 2020:
Mario-Leander Reimer
Principal Software Architect, QAware GmbH
mario-leander.reimer@qaware.de
https://www.qaware.de
https://speakerdeck.com/lreimer/
https://github.com/lreimer/

25. www.javapro.io
Das kostenlose Profi-Magazin für Java Entwickler !
Powered by