Effects of CDNP on human being

1. By
RamyaV

2. • INTRODUCTION
• COMBUSTION DERIVED NANOPARTICLES
• DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICULATE
• WELDING FUME
• CARBON BLACK
• COAL FLY ASH
• CDNP AND CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
• CDNP AND GENOTOXICITY
• CDNP AND LIVER AND SPLEEN
• CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTIION
 Nanotoxicology is defined as study about the
nature and mechanism of toxic effects in
nanoscale particles on living organisms.
 Toxicology can more readily study the
components of particular matter and
considerable amount of CDNP.
 Combustion has been recognized as a potential
source of harmful particals as well as gaseous
pollutans.

4. COMBUSTION DERIVEDNANO PARTICALS
(CDNP)
 They arise directly from the combustion process.
 CDNP has potential to escape from the site of deposition in the
lungs and translocate to the blood and to other target organs.
 Work place is also asite of exposure to combustion derived
nanoparticals.

5. CHARACTERISTICS OF CDNP
S.NO CDNP Origin Health effects in human
1 Diesel exhaust Combustion of diesel
oil
Inflammation, cancer
2 Welding fume Welding processes Metal fume fever, fibrosis,
cancer, bronchitis
3 Coal fly-ash Combustion of coal
or oil
Inflammation
4 Carbon black Combustion of heavy
fuel oil
Respiratory morbidity, lung
cancer

6. DIESEL EXHAUST
PARTICULATE (DEP)
 Diesel fuels undergo combustion in automobile
engines and give rise to CDNP and produces
more particles.
 It produces low solubility carbon-centered
nanoparticals.
 It contains
 Paraffin’s,
 Alkenes,
 Aromatics.

7.  DEP are the most common CDNP in urban
environmental air and in environmental
particulate air pollution.

8. WELDING FUME
 Welding is an industrial technique that involves
the joining of metal pieces using a filler metal.
 High temperature is involved, generating a
welding fume as well as radiation, noise, gases
and fume particles.
 It contains
 Aluminium,
 Cadmium,
 Chromium,
 Copper.

9.  The welding fume
is determined by
the metals involved
in the weld and
the composition of
the electrode.

10. CARBON BLACK (CB)
 Carbon black(CB) is a low solubility particle produced
industrially from incomplete thermal decomposition of
hydrocarbons.
 CB formed by combustion of
○ Fossial fuels,
○ Biomass,
○ Coal tar,
○ Some vegetable oils,
○ Heavy petroleum products such as fluid catalytic cracking.

11.  It is
 low toxicity,
 low solubility particle ,
 not complicated by harmful levels of
toxicologically-relevant organics ormetals.

12. COAL FLY-ASH(CFA)
 Pulverised coal combustion is a commonly used
and efficient method of coal burning in power
stations.
 The components of CFA follows
 Silicon dioxide,
 Aluminium oxide,
 Calcium oxide,
 Rock strata.

13.  It have
 low toxicity,
 bioavailable iron has
been reported to
underlie an
ability to generate
oxidative stress.

14. CDNP AND THE
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
CDNP in lungs
Blood-borne particles
Atherosclerotic
plaque
Endothelial
dysfunction
Platelets
Plaque rupture
Thrombogenesis
Ischaemla
Cardiovascular death

15. CDNP AND
GENOTOXICITY
Particle components in target organs
Metals Surface Organics
Oxidative stress
Inflammation DNA adducts
Cancer

16. CDNP AND LIVER AND
SPLEEN
CDNP in liver and spleen
Oxidative stress
Signaling pathways mitogen-activated protein
kinase
Transcription factors
Pro-inflammatory mediators
Inflammation

17. CONCLUSION
 CDNP’S are unified by their
 combustion origin,
 small size,
 universal mechanism of injury,
 common properties of translocation.
 Combustion is considered a source of toxic chemicals
and particles and this review has focused solely on the
toxicology of the particulate component.

18. THANK YOU