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IDENTIFICATION POINTS OF 
GENERAL HISTOLOGY 
SLIDES: 
1: Simple squamous epithelium: 
 Single layer of cells 
 Flat cells 
 Flat nucleus 
2: Simple cuboidal epithelium: 
 Single layer of cells 
 Cube like cells 
 rounded central nucleus 
3: Simple columnar epithelium: 
 Single layer of cells 
 Tall cells 
 Oval nucleus oriented along the 
length of cell 
4: Pseudotratified epithelium with 
goblet cells and cilia: 
 Single layer of cells 
 Nuclei arranged at different 
levels 
 Tall columnar cells with cilia; 
short basal cells present 
 Goblet cells present 
5: Stratified squamous non-keratinized 
epithelium: 
 Multiple layers of cells 
 Basal cells are columnar 
 Middle layers of polygonal cells 
 Scale like surface cells with flat 
nuclei 
 Keratin layer is absent on the 
surface of epithelium 
5: Stratified squamous keratinized 
epithelium: 
 Multiple layers of cells 
 Basal cells are columnar 
 Middle layers of polygonal cells 
 Flat surface cells 
 Keratin layer is present on the 
surface and cells on surface don’t 
show nucleus 
6: Stratified cuboidal epithelium: 
 Two layers of cells 
 Surface cells are cuboidal with 
central rounded nucleus 
7: Stratified columnar epithelium: 
 two layers of tall cells 
 oval nucleus arranged along the 
long axis of cell 
8: transitional epithelium: 
 multiple layers of cells 
 pear shaped cells in the middle 
 dome shaped cells on the surface 
9: loose areolar connective tissue: 
 almost all connective tissue cells 
are present 
 all connective tissue fibers are 
present 
 fibers are loosely arranged 
10: adipose connective tissue:
 fat cells showing signet ring 
appearance 
 each cell having a large fat 
globule and marginal nucleus 
11: dense regular connective tissue: 
 densely packed collagen fibers 
running parallel to each other 
 fibroblast are present between 
the bundles of collagen fibers 
12: dense irregular connective 
tissue: 
 densely packed collagen fiber 
arranged irregularly in different 
directions 
 fibroblast are present between 
the bundles of collagen fibers 
13:Hyaline non-articular cartilage: 
 Perichondrium present 
 Glassy (homogenous) ground 
substance 
 Chondrocytes making isogenous 
groups 
 Territorial matrix 
 interterritorial matrix 
14: Elastic cartilage: 
 Perichondrium present 
 Branching Elastic fibers present 
 Scattered chondrocytes are 
present singly or as pairs 
15: Fibrocartilage: 
 Perichondrium absent 
 Thick type I collagen fibers are 
present in the matrix 
 Chondrocytes arranged in rows 
16:Compact bone: 
 Characteristic lamellae of bone 
matrix 
 Haversian and Volkmann’s 
canals are present 
 Osteocytes in lacunae 
 Haversian system present 
17: Spongy bone: 
 Trabeculae of the bone matrix 
 Haemopoitic (bone marrow) 
tissue 
 Few Haversian system 
18: Skeletal muscle: 
 Well marked Cross striations 
 Non branching Cylindrical fibers 
 Many sub-sarcolemmal flat 
nuclei 
 endomysium and perimysium 
present 
19: cardiac muscle: 
 Cross striations present 
 Branching fibers 
 Intercalated disc-present 
 1-2 oval central nuclei 
20: Smooth muscle: 
 Fusiform cells 
 Single, rod shaped, central 
nucleus in each cell
21: muscular artery 
 Tunica intima, media and 
adventitia are present 
 tunica media is thick smooth 
muscle layer 
 Internal and external elastic 
lamina are present 
 Patent lumen 
22: muscular vein: 
 Thin walled with larger irregular 
lumen 
 Tunica intima, media and 
adventitia are present 
 Thick tunica media is thin 
smooth muscle layer 
 Adventitia is thicker than tunica 
media 
23: Elastic artery: 
 Tunica media contain 30-40 
layers of elastic fibers. 
 Smooth muscle is less abundant 
 External elastic lamina is not well 
marked 
24: Lymph node: 
 Connective tissue capsule 
 Cortex and medulla is present 
 Lymph nodules are only situated 
in the cortex and have no central 
arterioles 
25: spleen: 
 Peritoneal covering (serosa) 
 Red and white pulp 
 No differentiation into cortex and 
medulla 
 Splenic nodules with central 
arteriole 
26: palatine tonsil: 
 Tonsillar crypts lined by 
Stratified squamous non-keratinized 
epithelium 
 No lymph sinuses 
 Lymph nodules are arranged in 
rows 
27: thymus: 
 Characteristic lobules with cortex 
and medulla 
 Hassall’s corpuscles 
 No lymph sinuses 
28: thin skin: 
 Epidermis and dermis 
 Stratified squamous keratinized 
epithelium with thin layer of 
keratin on surface 
 Dermal papillae 
 Hair roots and hair follicles-present 
 Sebaceous glands are present 
29: Thick skin: 
 Epidermis and dermis 
 Stratified squamous keratinized 
epithelium is present with thick 
layer of keratin on surface 
 Dermal papillae
 Hair roots and hair follicles-absent 
30: spinal cord: 
 Central canal is present 
 Inner butterfly shaped 
arrangement of grey matter 
 Multipolar neurons in the 
anterior horn 
 Outer white matter 
31: Cerebellum: 
 Outer grey matter having 3 
layers (molecular layer, Purkinje 
cell layer, granular layer) 
 Inner white matter 
32: Cerebrum: 
 Outer grey matter having six 
layers 
 Pyramidal cells 
 Inner white matter 
33: dorsal root ganglion: 
 Connective tissue capsule 
present 
 Pseudounipolar neurons 
surrounded by satellite cells 
34: peripheral nerve: 
 Bundle of fibers 
 Myelin sheah is seen as 
unstained area 
 Endoneurium, perineurium is 
visible

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Identification points of general histology slides

  • 1. IDENTIFICATION POINTS OF GENERAL HISTOLOGY SLIDES: 1: Simple squamous epithelium:  Single layer of cells  Flat cells  Flat nucleus 2: Simple cuboidal epithelium:  Single layer of cells  Cube like cells  rounded central nucleus 3: Simple columnar epithelium:  Single layer of cells  Tall cells  Oval nucleus oriented along the length of cell 4: Pseudotratified epithelium with goblet cells and cilia:  Single layer of cells  Nuclei arranged at different levels  Tall columnar cells with cilia; short basal cells present  Goblet cells present 5: Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium:  Multiple layers of cells  Basal cells are columnar  Middle layers of polygonal cells  Scale like surface cells with flat nuclei  Keratin layer is absent on the surface of epithelium 5: Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium:  Multiple layers of cells  Basal cells are columnar  Middle layers of polygonal cells  Flat surface cells  Keratin layer is present on the surface and cells on surface don’t show nucleus 6: Stratified cuboidal epithelium:  Two layers of cells  Surface cells are cuboidal with central rounded nucleus 7: Stratified columnar epithelium:  two layers of tall cells  oval nucleus arranged along the long axis of cell 8: transitional epithelium:  multiple layers of cells  pear shaped cells in the middle  dome shaped cells on the surface 9: loose areolar connective tissue:  almost all connective tissue cells are present  all connective tissue fibers are present  fibers are loosely arranged 10: adipose connective tissue:
  • 2.  fat cells showing signet ring appearance  each cell having a large fat globule and marginal nucleus 11: dense regular connective tissue:  densely packed collagen fibers running parallel to each other  fibroblast are present between the bundles of collagen fibers 12: dense irregular connective tissue:  densely packed collagen fiber arranged irregularly in different directions  fibroblast are present between the bundles of collagen fibers 13:Hyaline non-articular cartilage:  Perichondrium present  Glassy (homogenous) ground substance  Chondrocytes making isogenous groups  Territorial matrix  interterritorial matrix 14: Elastic cartilage:  Perichondrium present  Branching Elastic fibers present  Scattered chondrocytes are present singly or as pairs 15: Fibrocartilage:  Perichondrium absent  Thick type I collagen fibers are present in the matrix  Chondrocytes arranged in rows 16:Compact bone:  Characteristic lamellae of bone matrix  Haversian and Volkmann’s canals are present  Osteocytes in lacunae  Haversian system present 17: Spongy bone:  Trabeculae of the bone matrix  Haemopoitic (bone marrow) tissue  Few Haversian system 18: Skeletal muscle:  Well marked Cross striations  Non branching Cylindrical fibers  Many sub-sarcolemmal flat nuclei  endomysium and perimysium present 19: cardiac muscle:  Cross striations present  Branching fibers  Intercalated disc-present  1-2 oval central nuclei 20: Smooth muscle:  Fusiform cells  Single, rod shaped, central nucleus in each cell
  • 3. 21: muscular artery  Tunica intima, media and adventitia are present  tunica media is thick smooth muscle layer  Internal and external elastic lamina are present  Patent lumen 22: muscular vein:  Thin walled with larger irregular lumen  Tunica intima, media and adventitia are present  Thick tunica media is thin smooth muscle layer  Adventitia is thicker than tunica media 23: Elastic artery:  Tunica media contain 30-40 layers of elastic fibers.  Smooth muscle is less abundant  External elastic lamina is not well marked 24: Lymph node:  Connective tissue capsule  Cortex and medulla is present  Lymph nodules are only situated in the cortex and have no central arterioles 25: spleen:  Peritoneal covering (serosa)  Red and white pulp  No differentiation into cortex and medulla  Splenic nodules with central arteriole 26: palatine tonsil:  Tonsillar crypts lined by Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium  No lymph sinuses  Lymph nodules are arranged in rows 27: thymus:  Characteristic lobules with cortex and medulla  Hassall’s corpuscles  No lymph sinuses 28: thin skin:  Epidermis and dermis  Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium with thin layer of keratin on surface  Dermal papillae  Hair roots and hair follicles-present  Sebaceous glands are present 29: Thick skin:  Epidermis and dermis  Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium is present with thick layer of keratin on surface  Dermal papillae
  • 4.  Hair roots and hair follicles-absent 30: spinal cord:  Central canal is present  Inner butterfly shaped arrangement of grey matter  Multipolar neurons in the anterior horn  Outer white matter 31: Cerebellum:  Outer grey matter having 3 layers (molecular layer, Purkinje cell layer, granular layer)  Inner white matter 32: Cerebrum:  Outer grey matter having six layers  Pyramidal cells  Inner white matter 33: dorsal root ganglion:  Connective tissue capsule present  Pseudounipolar neurons surrounded by satellite cells 34: peripheral nerve:  Bundle of fibers  Myelin sheah is seen as unstained area  Endoneurium, perineurium is visible