Water is one of the most invaluable resources of nature and increasing water consumption is leading to its depletion. Various sectors across India are rapidly increasing and are actively contributing to the pollution of surface as well as groundwater. This calls for the active need of water management. Although water has been one of the most thriving and important issues amongst the government concerns, the private players are actively granting their support to market efficient techniques and equipments to manage water. The wastewater treatment market in India is growing at 20% and techniques like watershed management, rainwater harvesting, desalination, filtration, river-interlinking, effluent treatment and sewage treatment are finding huge importance in major cities which are the major contributors to water pollution in India. The report begins with an overview of water situation and consumption structure in India across various sectors namely, agriculture, domestic and industries showing the growth in water consumption across the masses in India. This is followed by a section which depicts the amount of wastewater generated across sectors and the level of degradation. It also highlights the lakes and water bodies that are under threat of depleting and being polluted. The market overview section gives the size and growth of the wastewater treatment market and shows the various techniques of water and wastewater treatment. It also gives an in-depth analysis of the various techniques and their status in India. The characteristics and trends in the market have been analyzed and include increasing urbanization, initiatives taken at the corporate level, initiatives of various research and training institutes, increasing licensing agreements, various summits and seminars, initiatives for consumer awareness and public private partnerships. A brief analysis of the issues/challenges hindering growth are also highlighted including policy failures and institutional weaknesses, coordination and technological loopholes, multiplicity of organizations and inadequacy in generation of revenue to meet costs. Various government bodies and programmes as well as initiatives by the NGOs that have been actively involved in conserving water and regulating its consumption and pollution have been showcased. The competitive landscape provides a look into the nature of the market and the activities of the players and the level of competition between them. It also compares the private players according to the products and services provided by them. Brief profile with short description of the major domestic and foreign players is also included. Furthermore, key developments in the market over the last one year have also been highlighted.

1. Water and Wastewater Management – India
July 2010

2. Executive Summary
Water management comprises of 7 techniques – Watershed management, rainwater harvesting,
desalination, effluent treatment, filtration, river-interlinking projects and sewage treatment
Market
Growing concerns over depletion of water resources and increasing consumption of water across
various sectors are driving the immediate need for water management
LE
Increasing urbanization Various summits and seminars
Initiatives taken at corporate level Initiatives for consumer awareness
P
Characteristics
Initiatives of various research and Public private partnerships
and Trends training institutes
Issues &
S M
Increasing licensing agreements
A
Policy failures and institutional weaknesses
Coordination and technological loopholes
Challenges Multiple government organizations
Inadequacy in generation of revenue to meet costs
Regulatory framework for water management and conservation of water resources by Central
Govt. Bodies,
Pollution Control Board on National and State level basis with assistance from MoWR
Programmes &
Mission 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 have been efficient initiatives to implement wastewater treatment plants
NGOs
NGOs like NGO 1, NGO 2 have helped the players and Govt.
Water treatment industry is highly fragmented with many large, medium and small players
concentrated in major cities of India
Competition
However, many foreign water management companies are foraying into India with efficient
technologies and consulting services
WATER AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA 2010.PPT 2

3. •Water Situation & Consumption
•Water Pollution in India
•Water Management – Market Overview
•Characteristics and Trends
•Issues and Challenges
•Government Bodies, Programmes & NGOs
•Competition
•Key Developments
WATER AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA 2010.PPT 3

4. Growing needs amongst sectors for water is leading to
immense pressure on the countries water resources
Water in India – Overview Water Consumption in India
• Traditionally, India has been endowed with large
Annual Precipitation
freshwater reserves, but increasing population and Y Tr lts.
Total Reserves: X tr litres
overexploitation of surface and groundwater over the P%
LE
years has resulted in water scarcity in some regions Non-Usable
Water Q% Domestic
• Rainwater has been a predominant source of water
P
Industrial
for the sectors dependant on it
M
Utilizable
• India is the second largest water consuming country B tr lts Water
A
in the world, after Country 1 A tr lts R% Agriculture
S
• Government and State Boards have not shown
enough concern over storing water and even the
wetlands are under being threatened by pollutants
• Sectors dependant on water in India are exhibiting
C tr lts
Un-utilizable
Water
massive growth leading to greater demand for water
• Domestic and industrial sectors are projected to Water consumption
constitute a growing share of the total water amongst sectors is
consumption between 2000 and 2025 expected to reach X%,
• Regional disparities in reserves and replenishment are Y% and Z%
respectively by 2025
expected to intensify water scarcity in the country
• Growth of the Indian economy is driving increased
water usage across sectors
Note: Total Usable water = Utilizable water + Un-utilizable water
Source:
WATER AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA 2010.PPT 4

5. Improper treatment and collection of wastewater has led to
water pollution which is creating serious problems for India
Wastewater Generation – Overview Sector Wastewater generation, 20--
• Wastewater is increasing significantly and with lack of MM litres/day Treated
proper measures for treatment and management, the A
Untreated
existing Freshwater reserves are being polluted
LE
X%
• Collection systems exist for only about A% of
B
wastewater through sewer line and treatment
capacity exists for about C mn litre/day
• This also contributes to spread of major water borne
MP Y% P%
A
diseases like cholera, diarrhoea, typhoid, Hepatitis A Q%
etc.
• Increase in agro-chemical use has contributed
significantly to the pollution of both surface and
groundwater resources from the agricultural sector
S Domestic Industrial
Domestic Wastewater Generation, 20--
C
MM litres/day
Current pesticide use is ~P mn tones Treated
• Un-sewered sanitation, mine drainage discharge, tank E% Untreated
and pipeline leakage, accidental spills, landfill
disposals, solid & hazardous wastes are some of the
key reasons for pollution F%
D
• State 1 treats less than half of the X MM liters of H% G%
wastewater it generates every day
Class I cities Class II cities
Class I cities: Population> AB; Class II cities: Population between BC – CD
There is a large gap between generation, collection and treatment of wastewater
There is a large gap between generation, collection and treatment of wastewater
Source:
WATER AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA 2010.PPT 5

6. India is a growing market for water management services
Overview Market Size – Wastewater Treatment
• Wastewater treatment involves collection of sewage
and effluent segregated by sectors and treating it INR bn
through various techniques to reuse the water for A% D
LE
70
different purposes C
60
• With the already limited water resources depleting
P
rapidly, and increasing demand for consumption has
fostered the immediate need
M
50
40
B
SA
• Many industries have been forced to adopt water
recycling systems due to the scarcity of water
• Growing public concern, media pressure and
renewed legislation have left industries with little
option but to install water treatment equipment
30
20
10
0
2007 2008 2009e
• X water treatment segment is one of the most
important sectors for players in the market
Wastewater Treatment
Water Treatment Techniques
Techniques
River-
Watershed Rainwater Effluent Sewage
Desalination Filtration interlinking
Management Harvesting Treatment Treatment
projects
Source:
WATER AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA 2010.PPT 6

7. Watershed development projects are an efficient tool to
manage all the natural resources including water Water Treatment
Waste Water
Treatment
Watershed Management Progress of NWDPRA
• Watershed is a water and land area which contributes to
No. of Area Treated Expenditure
runoff to a common point and comprises of a catchment area, Plan Period
Watersheds (000’ ha.) (INR bn)
command area and a delta area
VIII A E J
• Scheme of National Watershed Development Project for
IX B F K
LE
Rainfed Areas (NWDPRA) was launched in 19XX-XX in A States
and B Union Territories based on twin concepts of integrated X C G L
P
watershed management and sustainable farming systems XI (end of II
D H M
• Currently, it is implemented as a programme of Centrally quarter)
States and Y UTs
SAM
Sponsored Scheme of Macro Management of Agriculture in X
• National Rainfed Area Authority (NRAA) in accordance with
the Planning Commission formed “Common Guidelines for
Watershed Development Projects” which are applicable to all
Project Management Phases
watershed development projects in all
Departments/Ministries of India Phase X Phase Y Phase Z
• Financing pattern of NWDPRA programme is:
A:B of Central & State Govt. X-Y yrs A-B yrs C-D yrs
X% grant and Y% loan to the States
For North Eastern States it is Z% grant S% of Budget T% of Budget U% of Budget
• Many resource organizations and partnerships have been
developed on the state level to support this mechanism The remaining X% of Budget is accounted for by
administrative, monitoring and evaluation costs
Source:
WATER AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA 2010.PPT 7

8. Characteristics and Trends - Summary
Increasing Urbanization
Initiatives taken at the corporate level
Initiatives of various research and training institutes
Characteristics
and Trends` Increasing Licensing agreements
Various summits and seminars
Initiatives for Consumer awareness
Public Private Partnerships
WATER AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA 2010.PPT 8

9. Issues & Challenges – Summary
Inadequacy in generation of Policy failures and institutional
revenue to meet costs weaknesses
Issues &
Challenges
Multiple government Coordination & technological
organizations loopholes
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10. Pollution control boards are responsible for prevention and
control of water pollution
Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF)
Central Pollution Control Board X State Pollution Control Board
(CPCB) (SPCB)
• CPCB in collaboration with concerned SPCBs/PCCs established a nationwide network of water quality monitoring
stations
LE
• It has set up X stations in Y States and Z Union Territories
P
• The monitoring is done on monthly or quarterly basis in surface waters and on half yearly basis in case of ground water
• The monitoring network covers A rivers, B lakes, C tanks, D ponds, E creeks, F canals, G drains and H wells among the A
groundwater stations
S M
stations, B are on rivers, C on lakes, D on drains, E on canals, F on tanks, G on creeks, H on ponds and J are
A
• CPCB also operates “W System” to monitor pollution in costal areas
Water quality-
monitoring network
System 1 System 2 Plan 3
Source:
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11. Players are scattered in regions across India, primarily
focusing on major cities in India
Overview Geographical Presence
•The industry is highly fragmented and
unorganized in nature
•It can be split into thee categories:
Large Players
N
Medium Sized Players State 1
LE
Small Players which are over X in number
P
•The government sector is primarily involved in
the raw water treatment and the X treatment
M
E
operations W
A
State 5
On the other hand, the private industrial sector
S
State 2, 3 ,4
includes equipments for clarification, sludge
treatment, aeration, disinfection and filtration
•In the last few years, many international
majors have also entered the market
S State 6, 7
•Indian manufacturers are also looking at
export towards building their presence in the
overseas markets
Treatment plants are being exported to the Major plants and players are concentrated in these regions
wherein they provide their services
Country 1 and Country 2
Source:
WATER AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA 2010.PPT 11

12. Major Domestic Players (1/12)
Players Locations Business Description
Company 1 • State 2 • A water management engineering company that undertakes and
executes turnkey solutions for water and waste water
management
• Provides water solutions for X, Y, Z and A properties
• Specializes in providing: B Plants, C Plants - with X Technology, Y
systems for Treated Trade Effluent / Treated Z utilizing Ultra
Filtration and Z, S /M Water systems, Process Effluent Treatment
Plants
• It also offers services including consultancy in Environment Impact
Assessment (EIA), Environmental Management Plans (EMP) and
Water Audits etc.
Company 2 • State 1 • Established in 20--
• Is an Environmental Engineering Company involved in conducting
EIA studies, executing wastewater treatment projects on turnkey
basis and undertaking operation and maintenance of wastewater
treatment plants
• Provides X plants, Y plants and Z plants based on A
Source: Company websites
SAMPLE Note: This list is not exhaustive
WATER AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA 2010.PPT 12

13. Thank you for the attention
The Water and Waste Water Management – India report is part of Research on India’s
Cleantech Industry Series.
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