1. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
‫اﻟﻤﺤﺘــوﻴﺎت‬
...................................‫ﺘوطﺌــــﺔ‬.............................1
............................................................... ‫ﻤﻘــــدﻤﺔ‬2
: ‫اﻷوﻝ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻝ‬‫ﻨﺒ‬‫ـذة‬‫ﺘﺎرﻴﺨـﻴ‬‫ﺔ‬.............................................3
......... ‫اﻹﺴـﻛﺎن‬ ‫اﻓﻴﺎ‬‫ر‬‫دﻴﻤوﻏـ‬ : ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻝ‬............................11
‫اﻟﻔﺼﻝ‬‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟث‬‫ﻨ‬ :‫اﻟﺴﻛﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟرﺼﻴد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺠز‬ ّ‫ﻤـو‬............................13
‫اﻟﻔﺼﻝ‬‫اﺒﻊ‬‫ر‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻴﺔ‬‫و‬ ‫اﺘﻴﺠﻴﺔ‬‫ر‬‫اﻟﺴﺘ‬ ‫اﻨب‬‫و‬‫اﻟﺠ‬ :‫ﻺﺴـﻛﺎ‬‫ن‬................14
‫اﻟﻔﺼﻝ‬‫اﻟﺨﺎﻤس‬:‫اﻟﺨــﻼﺼـﺔ‬............................................16
.................................................................. ‫اﻟﻤﺼـﺎدر‬18

2. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
‫ﺗﻮﻁﺌـــﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ّﺕ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﺃﻋ‬2004‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻣﺎﻳﻘﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ,20‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ "‫ﺷﻬﺮﺍ‬
- ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻴﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ , ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻌﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺪﺍﻋﻴﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ , ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ّ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺟﻬﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ّﻻﺕ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺗﺤ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ - ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﺮﺍﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻷﺧﺺ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺠﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻭﻟﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ,‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺇﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮ‬ ‫ّﻪ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮ‬ ‫ﺿﻮء‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺗﻮﻓﺮﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺪﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺺ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺣﺼﺎءﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻮﺣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ , ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺠﻮﺍﺕ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ "‫ﻭﺻﻮﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺠﻮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍءﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ّﺐ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺗﻄ‬ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ , ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻓﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ّﻬﺎﺕ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﺗﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻋﻮﺩﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺿﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ّﺮﺍﺕ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺘﻐ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺣﺎﻁﺔ‬ "‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻮﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺩﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ "‫ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍ‬
.‫ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ‬

3. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
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Anbar
Najaf
Muthanna
Diyala
Basrah
Ninewa
Missan
Wassit
Erbil
Salah al-Din
Thi-Qar
Dahuk
Tameem
Babylon
Qadissiya
Kerbala
Sulaymaniyah
48
49
42
08
07
59
20
64
56
24
62
45
74
03
05
77
93
13
38
30
88
98
55
72
57
43
61
79
65
04
99
58
46
34
63
11
78
21
94
67
71
81
18
16
01
95
90
32
12
44
76
09
10
75
47
83
80
28
73
17
19
89
101
85
97
54
70
27
91
96
39
41
66
87
14
84
36 86
102
37
69
50
100
82
68
53
23
35
22
29
51 26
52
25
0602
33 31
40
15 60
Baghdad
ErbilMosul
Kut
Basrah
Kirkuk
Kerbala
Samarra
Najaf
Ba`aqubah
Hillah
Ramadi
Amarah
Samawah
Diwaniyah
Nasiriyah
Sulaymaniyah
Dahuk
Iraq Governorat
aN DIstrictS
‫ﻤﻘــدﻤﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻤﻤﻛﺔ‬ ,‫اﻟﻐرب‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻷردن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺴورﻴﺎ‬ ,‫اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘرﻛﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺤدّﻩ‬,‫آﺴﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻏرﺔﻲ‬ ‫دوﻝ‬ ‫ﻤن‬ ‫اﻟﻌراق‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺘﺔر‬
.‫اﻟﺸرق‬ ‫ﺠﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫إﻴران‬ ‫ﺘﺤدﻩ‬ ‫ﺤﻴن‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ,‫اﻟﺠﻨوب‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻐرﺔﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨوب‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻛوﻴت‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌودﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌرﺔﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺘﺔﻤﻎ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻰ‬ ‫ـد‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻴﻤ‬437,072"‫ﻛﻴﻤوﻤﺘرا‬
‫ﻤن‬ ‫واﻟﻔرات‬ ‫ـﻤﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫د‬ ‫ـري‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ـﻪ‬‫ﻗ‬‫ﻴﺨﺘر‬ ,"‫ﻤرﺔﻌﺎ‬
‫ـﺎن‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴﻤﺘﻘ‬ ‫ﺤﻴث‬ ,‫اﻟﺠﻨوب‬ ‫وﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻐرب‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ‬
.‫اﻟﻌرﺔﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻤﻴﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ‬ "‫وﺼوﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﻌرب‬ ‫ﺸط‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺸﻛّﻼ‬
‫ﻤن‬ "‫ـﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬‫إدار‬ ‫ـراق‬‫ﻌ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺄﻟف‬18.‫ـﺔ‬‫ظ‬‫ﻤﺤﺎﻓ‬
:‫رﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫أﻗﺎﻟﻴم‬ ‫أرﺔﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌراق‬ ‫طﺔﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻘﺴم‬
•‫ﺔﺎرﺘﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬ ,‫ﺠﺔﻤﻲ‬ :‫اﻟﺸرﻗﻲ‬ -‫اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺔﻴن‬ ‫ﺘﺘراوح‬900-3360"‫ﻤﺘرا‬Source:www.hiciraq.org
•‫ﺼﺤراوﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻀﺔﺔ‬ :‫اﻟﻐرﺔﻲ‬ -‫اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻤن‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻴﻘرب‬ ‫ﺘﻐطﻲ‬57‫ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤن‬ %
‫اﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻝ‬ ‫ﺔﺎرﺘﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬ ,‫اﻟﻌراق‬1000
.‫اﻟﻐرب‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺴورﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤدود‬ ‫ﻋﻨد‬ ‫ﻤﺘر‬
•‫ﺼﺤراوي‬ ‫ﺸﺔﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨوﺔﻲ-اﻟﻐرﺔﻲ:ﺴﻬﻝ‬
‫اﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻝ‬ ‫ﺔﺎرﺘﻔﺎع‬200-500,"‫ﻤﺘرا‬
‫اﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺔﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨطﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻤن‬ "‫إﻨﺘﻘﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺸﻛّﻝ‬
.‫اﻟﺼﺤراوﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻬﻀﺔﺔ‬
•‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﺼﻴب‬ ‫ـﻬﻝ‬‫ﺴ‬ :‫اﻟﺸرﻗﻲ‬ -‫اﻟﺠﻨوﺔﻲ‬
‫ﻤوﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫وأﻫوار‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻬرﻴن‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺔﻴن‬
.‫اﻟﻌرب‬ ‫ﺸط‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻛّﻼ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻗﺔﻝ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﺎﺌﻬﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻤن‬ ٍ◌ٍ‫ﺨﺎﻝ‬ ‫وﺠﺎف‬ ‫ﺤﺎر‬ ‫وﺼﻴف‬,"‫أﺤﻴﺎﻨﺎ‬ ‫وﺔﺎرد‬ «‫اﻟﺤرار‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺘدﻝ‬ ‫ﺔﺸﺘﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤراوﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨطﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺎد‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺴم‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺤوب‬ ‫ﺔﺎرد‬ ٍ‫ﺔﺸﺘﺎء‬ ‫ٕﻴران‬‫ا‬‫و‬ ‫ﺘرﻛﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺤدود‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺨﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺔﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎطق‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺴم‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ,‫اﻟﻐﻴوم‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨطﻘﺘﻴن‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻀﺎﻨﺎت‬ ‫ﺔﺤﺼوﻝ‬ ‫اﻟرﺔﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻝ‬ ‫ﺔداﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨد‬ ‫ذوﺔﺎﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺴﺔب‬ ‫ﺜﻤوج‬ ‫ﺔﺘﺴﺎﻗط‬ ‫اﻷﺤﻴﺎن‬ ‫ﺔﻌض‬
.‫اﻟﻌراق‬ ‫ﻤن‬ ‫واﻟﺠﻨوﺔﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟوﺴطﻰ‬

4. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
U‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼــﻞ‬:‫ﻧﺒـ‬‫ـﺬﺓ‬‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴــﺔ‬____________________________________________________
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺯﺕ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜ‬ ‫ﻮﺩ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻷﺧﻴ‬ ‫ﻼﺙ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻄـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺮﺓ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ /‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
: ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺸﺎﻁ‬
U: "‫ﺃﻭﻻ‬‫ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻬ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻴﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﺰﺓ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﺕ‬U: ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ,
1-U‫ﺃ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄـﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺟﻬــﺰﺓ‬U Public Sector Entities
1-1‫ﺗﺘﺒ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳـﺴـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺣـﺪﻯ‬ : ‫ﻟﻺﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳـﺴﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻟﺘﻌﻤ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻴﺮ‬)*(
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻐﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺎﻳـﺔ‬ )1987(**‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼـﺎﻣﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺍﺟﺒـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ــﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴـﺬ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺷـﺮﺍﻑ‬‫ﺇﺩﺭﺍﺟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺘـﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄــﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺧـﻄﻂ‬
Min. of Housing and Construction
‫ﺗﻤﻜﻨ‬‫ﺖ‬(‫ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳـﻄﻰ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ)ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴــﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺣـﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ـﺖ‬ّ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺿ‬ ‫ﺳـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤـﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ , ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻄـﺔ‬50‫ﺃﻟﻒ‬
‫ﺳـﻜﻨﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﺣـﺪﺓ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ )(‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺑﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺑﻘــﺪﺭﺍﺗﻬ‬‫ﻭﺑﺈﻋﻬـﺎﺩ‬ ,("‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴـﺎ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺗﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻌـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺘﺒﻘﻲ‬
("‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴـﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ "‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤـﺎ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬.
1-2) ‫ﺑﻐــــﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻣـﺎﻧـﺔ‬***‫ﻋﻨﻴـﺖ‬ :(‫ﻭﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺨـﻄﻴـﻂ‬‫ﺘﻨﻔﻴ‬‫ـ‬‫ـﺬ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺸـﺎﺭﻳﻊ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺘﺮﺣﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺮﻱ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻟﻠﻌﺎﺻـﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳـﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻄﻂ‬.‫ﺑﻐـﺪﺍﺩ‬
Mayoralty of Baghdad
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺷـﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﻣـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴـﺬ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴـﺆﻭﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ "‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬
/ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬـﺮﺑﺎء‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎء‬ ) ‫ﺑﻐـﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻣـﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺣـﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬
( ‫ﺍﻟﻄـﺮﻕ‬.‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺪﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻴـﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ , ‫ﺑﻐـﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺎﺯﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
) ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻨـﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺠـﺪﻳـﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺎء‬ ‫ﻷﻏـﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳـﻮﺍء‬
‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬( ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ /‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔـﺬﺓ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻁﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻔـﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺎﺕ‬
-‫ﻣﻨﻬ‬ "‫ﻣﻬﻤـﺎ‬ "‫ﺟـﺰءﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ّ‫ﻜ‬‫ﺗﺸـ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ـﺎ‬–‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴـﺎﻡ‬
. ‫ﺑﺼﻴـﺎﻧﺘﻬﺎ‬
_______________________________________________________________________________________
*��‫ﺇﺳ‬ ‫�ﺒﺢ‬�‫ﺃﺻ‬‫ـ‬��‫ﺍﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ " ‫ﻤﻬﺎ‬‫ـ‬��‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ـ‬��‫ﺍﻟﻔ‬ ‫�ﻼﻝ‬�‫ﺧ‬ " ‫ﻴﺮ‬‫ـ‬��‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤ‬ ‫ﺘﺮﺓ‬‫�ﺮ‬�‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴ‬ ‫�ﻢ‬�‫ﺗ‬ ." ‫�ـﻜﺎﻥ‬�‫ﺍﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫�ـﻐﺎﻝ‬�‫ﺍﻷﺷ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ " ‫�ـﻤﻬﺎ‬�‫ﺇﺳ‬ ‫�ﺎﻥ‬�‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫�ـﺪ‬�‫ﺑﻌ‬ , ‫ـﻮﺛﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻢ‬‫ﻋـﺎﻡ‬2003."‫ﻻﺣﻘــﺎ‬ ‫ﺳـﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ " ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺳــﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋﻤــﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬
**‫�ﻮﺯ‬�‫ﺗﻤ‬ ‫ﻓ�ﻲ‬1987��‫ﺇﻟﻐ‬ ‫�ﺮﻯ‬�‫ﺟ‬‫ـ‬‫�ـﻴﺮ‬�‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫�ـﻜﺎﻥ‬�‫ﺍﻹﺳ‬ ‫�ـﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬�‫ﺑ‬ ‫�ﺔ‬�‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻄ‬ ‫�ﺜﻼﺙ‬�‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫�ـﺎﺕ‬�‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳـﺴ‬ ‫ﺎء‬–‫�ـﻜﺎﻥ‬�‫ﻟﻺﺳ‬ ‫�ـﺔ‬�‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣ‬ ‫�ـﺔ‬�‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳـﺴ‬ ‫�ﺎ‬�‫ﻭﻣﻨﻬ‬–
‫ﻭﻋﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺪﻫﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗﻨ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺤﺴـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺪﺃ‬‫ﻓ‬ . ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻄـﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺸـﻴﻂ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻲ‬2001‫ﺍﺳ�ـﺘﺤﺪﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﻯ‬‫ﺍﺳ�ـﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ّـ�ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺗﻐ‬ ‫ﺛ�ﻢ‬ " ‫ﺍﻹﺳ�ـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫"ﺩﺍﺋ�ﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻋـﺎﻡ‬2003‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬. " ‫ﻟﻺﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬ "
***. " ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﺻﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻣـﺎﻧـﺔ‬ " ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤـﻮﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔـﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻢ‬ ‫ﻫـﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ّﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺗﻐـ‬

5. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
1-3) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨــﻄﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬*ُ‫ﻋ‬ : (‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﻴـﺖ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘـ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻬـﺎﻡ‬‫ﺑﺄﻧﺸـﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬: ‫ﺍﻹﺳـــﻜﺎﻥ‬
( ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻳ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸـﺮ‬ /‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴـ‬ /‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤـﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺧـﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﺿـﻊ‬
‫ﻗﻄﺎﻋـﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻟﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬–‫ﻳﻨﻀـﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸـﻴﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
Ministry of Planning.‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺸـﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻨـﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸــﻴﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﻄـﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺸـﺎﺭﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨـﺎﻫﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺫﻟـﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌـﺔ‬
‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬.‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨـﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸـﻴﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺨـﻄﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋـﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﺣﺼـﺎءﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴـﻮﺣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴـﺎﻡ‬–‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻟﻺﺣﺼ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎء‬-‫ﻗﻄـﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺸـﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌـﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺴـﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸـﻴﻴﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴ‬ ‫ﺗﻠـﻚ‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬‫ﻭﺳـﻴﺎﺳـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺨـﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ـ‬.‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬
. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘـﺎﻭﻟﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺼﻨﻴـﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌـﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗـﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﻣـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻘـﺎﻭﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﺇﺻـﺪﺍﺭ‬. ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺜـﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻧﺸـﺎﺋ‬
‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺇﺻـﺪﺍﺭ‬‫ـﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔـﻨ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔـﺎﺕ‬–‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺻﻔـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻋﻨﺎﺻ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺎء‬ ‫ﺮ‬–‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﺠ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻄﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻘﻴﻴـﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﻬﺎﺯ‬
‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻈــﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠـﺰء‬ ‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨـﻄﻴـﻂ‬ ‫ﻟـﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ "‫ﺗﺎﺑﻌـﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤــﻮﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔـﺘﺮﺓ‬
1-4‫ﺍﻷﻧﺸـﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺗـﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺇﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘـﻘـﻠﺖ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤـﺎﻓﻈـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺭﺗـﻜﺎﺯﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻰ‬ُ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤـﺮﺍﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨـﻄﻴﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔ‬ ‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠـﺪﻳﺎﺕ,ﺍﻟﺤﻜـﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤـﻮﺛﺔ‬ ‫ـﺮﺓ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‬،
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨـﻄﻄـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺇﻋــﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻬـﺎﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ـﺰ‬ّ‫ﻛ‬‫ﺗﺘـﺮ‬ . ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠـ‬
Ministry of
Municipalities‫ﺧـﺎﺭﺝ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤـﺎﻓﻈـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻛـﺰ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄـﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼـﻴﻠ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳـﺎﺳـ‬
( ‫ﺑﻐـﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻣـﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺣـﺪﻭﺩ‬،‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﺳـﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬-‫ﻭﻣﻨـﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻏـﺮ‬، ‫ﻛﺜﺎﻓـﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺨﺘﻠـﻒ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨ‬ ‫ﺍﺽ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫)ﺷـﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ّ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼـﺮﻑ‬(‫ﻲ‬
( ‫ﻲ‬ّ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤ‬‫ﺿ‬‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻳ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠـﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤـﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ـﻦ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟﻠ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤـﺎﻓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺪﻥ‬‫ﻈـﺎﺕ‬،‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ‬‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘـﺘﺮﺣـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨ‬ ‫ﻌــﺎﺕ‬ّ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻗـﻊ‬ ‫ﺧـﺪﻣﺔ‬
1-5‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴـﺎﺕ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺸـﻜﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨـﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ( ‫ﺍﻟـﺪﻓـﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺿﻤـﻦ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺴـﻜﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ( ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌـﺎﺩﻥ‬
‫ـﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻣـﻌﻨـ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴـﺮﻫـﺎ‬ ( ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺿﻤـﻦ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﻮﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨـﺘﺴـﺒﻲ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨـ‬ ‫ﻌـﺎﺕ‬ّ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠ‬ ‫ﻣﺸـﺎﺭﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺘـﻨﻔﻴـﺬ‬
‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﺒﺜﺖ‬ ,‫ﺑﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﺒـﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻬـﺎﺕ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﻣﺠـﺖ‬ُ‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫ﺖ‬ّ‫ﻠ‬‫ﺍﺿﻤﺤـ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻴـﺖ‬ُ‫ﺃ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻤـﺎﻧﻴﻨـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻬـﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺒـﻞ‬
*‫ﺍﺻ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺇﺳـﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺢ‬‫ﻣـﺪﻳﺮﻳ‬ "‫ـ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟـﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌـﺪﻳﻠـﻪ‬ ‫ﺟـﺮﻯ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤـﻮﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔـﺘـﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧـﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘــﺪ‬ ‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨـﻄﻴﻂ‬
‫ﻋـﺎﻡ‬ " ‫ﺍﻹﻧﻤــﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌـﺎﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨــﻄﻴﻂ‬2003.

6. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
1-6‫ﺗﺴـﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺘـﻮﻓﻴـﺮ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌـﻨ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ـﺎﻉ‬ّ‫ﻄ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬـﺔ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟـﻌـﻘـﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﻤـﺼـﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻫــﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴـﺬ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻏﺒـﻴـﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤـﻮﺍﻁﻨـﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗــﺮﺍﺽ‬‫ـﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀــﻮﺍﺑـﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﻓـﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬-‫ﺍﻟﻌـﻘﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ "‫ﻣﻌﻤـﻮﻻ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
Real Estate Bank‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤـﻮﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘـﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴـﻦ‬–‫ﺗﻌـ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﺍﻹﻗــﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻣﺒـﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﺘﻤـﺪ‬
‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴـﺪﻳﺪ‬ , ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔـﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻣـﺮﺍﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺝ‬ّ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘـﺪ‬20"‫ﻋﺎﻣـﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑـﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒـﺎﻁﻪ‬ ّ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻅـ‬ . ‫ﺑﺴـﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻔـﻮﺍﺋﺪ‬‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻐـﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤـﻴﺮ‬1987. ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺎﻟـ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ,
‫ﺇﻧﺤﺴـﺮ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻘـﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴـﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﺸـﺎﻁﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣـﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤـﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓـﺮ‬ ‫ﻋـﺪﻡ‬ : ‫ـﻬﺎ‬ّ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺃﻫ‬ , ‫ّﺓ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻋـ‬ ‫ﻷﺳـﺒﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺻـﻠﺔ‬ ‫ّﺍﺕ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴـﺘﺠ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺴـﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻏﺒﻴـﻦ‬ ‫ﻹﻗـﺮﺍﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴـﺘﻮﻯ‬‫ـﻬﺎ‬ّ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺃﻫ‬ ,:)*(
‫ﺗﻨﺎﺳـﺐ‬ ‫ﻋـﺪﻡ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻠﻎ‬, ‫ـﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺇﺳـﺘﺮﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻁﻮﻝ‬. ‫ﺍﻷﺳـﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﺧﻞ‬ ‫ّﻝ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣﻌ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ّ‫ﻧ‬‫ﺗﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴـﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻘﺮﺽ‬
2-U‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻷﺧــﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄـﺎﻋـﺎﺕ‬:
2-1‫ﺃﻧﺸـﻄـﺘﻪ‬ ‫ـﺰﺕ‬ّ‫ﻛ‬‫ﺗﺮ‬ : ( ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌـﺎﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺗﺤـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫,ﺟﺰء‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘـﻠﻂ‬ ‫ﻗﻄـﺎﻉ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌـﺎﻭﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺗﺤـﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓـﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬–‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻷﻏـﺮﺍﺽ‬–‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻋـﻮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺳـﻌﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺧـﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺤـﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌـﻮﺍﺋﻞ‬.‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻳ‬‫ﺭﻣـﺰ‬
2-2‫ﺑﺮﻋـﺎ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨ‬ : ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻋـﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌـﺎﺕ‬) ‫ّـﺔ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﺍﻟﻬ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺌـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﺔ‬/ ‫ﺍﻷﻳﺘـﺎﻡ‬‫ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣـﻞ‬/‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌـﺎﻗـﻮﻥ‬/
. ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺌـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴـﺘﻠﺰﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﻴـﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺸـﺎﻁﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ( ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺒـﺎﺭ‬
2-3‫ﺍﻹﺳـﺘﺜﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨـﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄـﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺳـﺴـﺎﺕ‬‫ﻭ‬ ( ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼـﺎﺭﻑ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘـﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺎﺭ‬
. ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠـﻤﻌـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴـﺬ‬
2-4‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘـﺎﻭﻟﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺤـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ : ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﻜـﻮﻣ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤـﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـﺘﺸ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺒـﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻌـﺮﺍﻗﻴﻴﻦ‬. ‫ﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
3-U‫ــﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻗﻠـﻴﻤ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤـﻠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨـﻈـﻤﺎﺕ‬:
3-1‫ﻟﻠ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﻁﻨ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨـﺔ‬. ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻳ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸـﺮ‬ ‫ﻤﺴـﺘﻮﻁﻨـﺎﺕ‬
3-2‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸـﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴـﺘﻮﻁﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧـﺎﻣﺞ‬HABITAT. UN –
3-3‫ﺁﺳــﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐـﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤــﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠـﻨﺔ‬.UN- ESCWA
3-4‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤــﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣـﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﻤــﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻧـﺎﻣﺞ‬.UNDP
3-5. ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻀـﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺮﺻـﺪ‬
)‫ﺭﻗـﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠـﺪﻭﻝ‬-1-‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﺸـﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ـﺺ‬ّ‫ﻳﻠﺨ‬(
*‫ﺗﺄﺳـﺲ‬ , ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻁﻨـﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻗـﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻷﻏـﺮﺍﺽ‬–‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻬـﺎﻳﺔ‬2004–" ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻨــﺪﻭﻕ‬ "‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋﻤـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑـﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺭﺗﺒـﻂ‬

7. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
U"‫ﺛـﺎﻧﻴـﺎ‬:‫ﺑـﺮﺍ‬: ‫ﺍﻟﺸـﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺧـﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺞ‬U‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ـﺪ‬ّ‫ﻛ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﺃ‬ ّ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺑﺮﻧ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ــﻬﺎ‬ّ‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ـﺎﻣﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳـﺴ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺠـﺰﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺎ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬‫ﻋـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺔ‬1979،‫ﻣـﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌـﺎﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺧـﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﻟﺴـﻴﺮﻓﺲ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮﻛﺔ‬‫ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴـﺬ‬‫ﻣﻠﻴــﻮﻥ‬‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺳـﻜﻨ‬ ‫ﻭﺣـﺪﺓ‬20
Comprehensive Housing Program"‫ﻋـﺎﻣﺎ‬)1981-2000() ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ـﺰ‬ّ‫ﻛ‬‫ﺗﺘـﺮ‬70‫ﺣـﻮﺍﺿ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ (%‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺪﻥ‬
ّ‫ﻔ‬‫ﻳﻨ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬) ‫ﻣﻨﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨـﺎﺹ‬ ‫ـﺎﻉ‬ّ‫ﻄ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘ‬ ‫ـﺬﻩ‬60،(%‫ﺗﺘـﻮﺯﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﻘﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﺒﺔ‬‫ﻐـﺔ‬40: ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ (%‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄـ‬‫ﺎﻋﻴﻦ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠـﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌـﺎﻭﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺴـﺒﺔ‬15‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ‬ ، %25%)‫ﺣﺼﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤﻴـﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻓﻴ‬‫ﻬﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬10(%
U: "‫ﺛـﺎﻟﺜـﺎ‬‫ﺇﻗﺘﺼ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻳ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺴـﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺟﻬﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺎﺩﻳﺎﺕ‬:U‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔـﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤـﻮﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺮﺓ‬-‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻷﺧـﺺ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﻨ‬ ‫ﺪﻱ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﺕ‬‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴـﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬-‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺟﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺮﺓ‬ّ‫ﻣ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘـﺄﺛﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻧﻰ‬
‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴـﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻳ‬‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻳ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺴـﻜﺮ‬
Military Confrontation‫ﻭﺇﻣﺘ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺪﺍﺩﺍﺗ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬‫ـ‬ّ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ّ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻣﺎﻳﺘﻌـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ـﺪﺭﺓ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗﻮﻓ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻴﺮ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺄ‬‫ﻭﻯ‬
/‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺍﻗﻴ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺕ‬ . ‫ﻟﻺﻧﺴـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤـﻼﺋﻢ‬
Housing Economics‫ﺳـ‬ ‫ﺛﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ( ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻳـﺮﺍﻧـ‬) ‫ﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬1980-1988‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﺒﺜﺖ‬ , (
) ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ‬ ‫ﺣـﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻌﺘﻬﺎ‬1990-1991‫ﺗـﺪﺍﻋﻴـﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ (
-‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻘـﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬-‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺘﻴـﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ‬2003.
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻔﻲ‬:‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺟﻬـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺴـﺒﺒﺖ‬ ,‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺠﺎﻝ‬
•‫ﺇﺳـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻠﺰﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺌﺜﺎﺭ‬‫ﻜﺮﻳﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻭﻟﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ّﻯ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬‫ﺯﻳ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﻰ‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸ‬ ‫ّﺓ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺕ‬ّ‫ـﻮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺮﺍﻗﻲ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺇﻏـﺮﺍﻗ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻋـﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ُﺒـﺮﺕ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻋ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺑﻤﺪﻳﻮﻧ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻴﻼ‬‫ﺗﻬﺎ‬."‫ﺎ‬ّ‫ـ‬‫ﺣﺎﻟﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
•‫ﺗﺒﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﻁﺆ‬)1986-1990(‫ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻳﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻑ‬ ّ◌ّ‫ﻕ‬‫ﺗﻮ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬
‫ﺑﻌـﺪ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬1990)‫ﺑﻌ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺣﺼ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌــﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ "‫ﺇﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺎ‬2004(‫ﺇﻧﻬﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ّﻯ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬‫ﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻜﺎﺯﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ‬‫ﻭﺍﻹﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻈﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻷﺧﺺ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺗﺴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗﺪﻫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺐ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﻮﺭ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺎﺩ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟ‬‫ﺼﺤﻴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺔ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺍﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﻧﺴﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ـ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺗﻴ‬
•‫ﺇﺭﺗﻔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻣﻌ‬ ‫ﺎﻉ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻌ‬ُ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻄـﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ّﻻﺕ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ـ‬‫ّﻭﻥ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬‫ﻋﺘﺒـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘـﺮ‬.
•‫ﺍﻷﺳـﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘـﺪﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴـﺒﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺨﻔﺎﺽ‬
‫ﺑﺴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻀ‬ ‫ﺒﺐ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺠ‬ ‫ـﻢ‬ّ‫ﺨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﻣ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺢ‬)*(‫ﺗﺠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌ‬ ‫ﺎﻭﺯ‬‫ـ‬‫ّﻻﺕ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ـ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ‬(‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴـﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼـﻒ‬ ‫)ﺧـﻼﻝ‬.
,‫ﻴﺔ‬ّ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠـﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬‫ﺑـﺮﺯﺕ‬‫ﺣـﺎﻻﺕ‬:
•‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﺸـﺤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻳﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬)‫ﺍﺳﺘﺪﻋﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﺖ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻭﻓـﻘ‬ ( ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺴـﻜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻠﺨـﺪﻣﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ـﺪﺍﻥ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻗـﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻬـﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ـﺮﻳﺤﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤـﻞ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻔﺌ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤـﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺇﻛﺘﺴـﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓـﺮﺻـﺘـﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤـﻨﺘـﺠـﺔ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻨـﺎء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠـﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬـﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺿﺔ‬ ,‫ﻟﻤـﺪﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻓﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ‬–‫ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺧﺺ‬-
_________________________________________________________________________________________
)*(‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﺻﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺯﺍء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻠﺔ‬‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬‫ﻣﺪﺓ‬10‫ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬,‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭﺕ‬‫ﻣﺎﻳﻌـﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ـﺮﺍﻗﻲ‬)3,2(‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻻﺭ‬1986
‫ﻟﺘﺼﺒﺢ‬1/2500‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬1996)‫ﺑﺈﻧﺨﻔﺎﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬1/8000‫ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬(‫ﺍﻟﺘـﺪﻫـ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ـﺰﻣﻌﻈـﻢ‬ّ‫ﻛ‬‫ﺗﺮ‬ ,‫ـ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻮﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻷﺧ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ـ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛـﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻴﺮ‬

8. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
•‫ﻭ‬ ‫)ﺍﻷﻳﺘﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﺜﻰ‬ُ‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺃﺳﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﺯﺩﻳﺎﺩ‬
Vulnerable Groups‫ﺫﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌـﺎﻗﻴﻦ‬ ( ‫ﺳـﺮﺗﻬﻢ‬ُ‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻘـﺪﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﺤـﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺘﻴﺠـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺣﺘﻴـﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬،
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺗﺴﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴـﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻊ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻔﺌ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻬﺸ‬ ‫ـﺎﺕ‬،
. ‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺄﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓـﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻬـﺎ‬
•���ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻣ‬ُ‫ﺍﻷ‬ ‫ّﻻﺕ‬‫ﺪ‬���‫ﻣﻌ‬ ‫��ﺎﻉ‬�‫ﺍﺭﺗﻔ‬‫ﺔ‬���‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠ‬‫ﺔ‬���‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴ‬‫ﺏ‬ّ‫ﺮ‬‫��ﺮ‬�‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴ‬���‫ﻟﻠﻄﻠﺒ‬���‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻛﺴ�ﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻐ�ﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬�‫ﻫﺎﻣﺸ‬ ‫ﺑﺨ�ﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺭﺱ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻨﻬﻢ‬ّ‫ﻜ‬‫ﻣﺎﻳﻤ‬‫ﺿﻐ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻁ‬‫ﺍﻟﻈ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺮﻑ‬‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﺩﻱ‬.
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺆﺛ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗﻔﻜ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺒﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺮﺍﺕ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺳـﺮﺓ‬ُ‫ﺍﻷ‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫ﻭﺿﻌـﻒ‬،‫ﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑـﻂ‬‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻬﻴـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺠﻢ‬
. ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﺧﺘﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴـﻢ‬
U‫ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍء‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘـﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ "‫ﺭﺍﺑﻌـﺎ‬U:‫ﺑﻌ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻣﺠﻠ‬ ‫ﺮﺍﺭ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺲ‬‫ـ‬(‫)ﺃﻏﺴﻄﺲ‬ ‫ﺁﺏ‬ ‫ﻬﺮ‬1990
‫ﺣﺼ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﺎﺭ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺇﻗ‬ ‫ﺮﺍﻕ‬‫ﺘﺼ‬‫ـ‬) "‫ﺎﺩﻳﺎ‬‫ﺍﻣﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻧﻬـﺎﻳﺔ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬
2003(‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﻒ‬ّ‫ﻗ‬‫ﺗﻮ‬‫)ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺎﺋﺪﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔـﻂ‬ ‫ﺗﺼـﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ـﺮﺽ‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠـﺔ‬ (‫ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬.
Economic Sanctions/Oil for Food Program .
‫ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻐﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ "‫"ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺭﺛﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺪﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻁﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺸﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺃﺻـﺪﺭ‬1996‫ﻣﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔـﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ "‫ـ‬‫ﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐـﺬﺍء‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐــﺬﺍء‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓـﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟـﺬﻱ‬ ، "‫ﺍﻟـﺪﻭﺍء‬
‫ﻤﺢ‬ُ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ‬
‫ﺁﻧﺌ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮﻩ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻣﺘ‬ . ‫ـﺬ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔ‬ ‫ّﺕ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺮﺩﺍﺕ‬‫ﻳﻐﻄﻴـﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴـﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬–‫ﺍﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺸﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬-
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬2000‫ﺫﻟ‬ ‫ﺷﻤـﻞ‬ .‫ـﻚ‬:
•‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺭﻳـﺪ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻭﻋﻨ‬ ‫ﻮﺍﺩ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﺻ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺎء‬‫ﻣﻨﻈ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺨ‬ ‫ـﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗﺘﻄـﻠﺒﻬ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺃﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﺻﻴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﻧﺔ‬‫ﻭﺗﺄﻫﻴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺪﻫ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻮﺭ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ـﻜﻨﻲ‬،‫ﻟﻔﺘﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺳـﺘـﺪﺍﻣﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻬـﺪﻑ‬). ‫ﺃﻁﻮﻝ‬*(
•‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘـﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻌـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺸـﺄﺭﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴـﺬ‬ ‫ﻮﻳﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬) . ‫ﻋﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬**(
_________________________________________________________________________________________
)*(‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻨﺴﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﻯ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤﻴﺮ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﻁﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺄﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺮ‬
)**‫ﻟﻸﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺠﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻨﺴﻴﻖ‬ (‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺷـﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻮﺛﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺪ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻎ‬2002)37) ‫ﺑﺴﻌﺔ‬ "‫ﻌﺎ‬ّ‫ﻤ‬‫ﻣﺠ‬ (504‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ (15‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ، ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ‬‫ﻰ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﻮﻳﻠﻪ‬2003‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬8‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻣﺖ‬ُ‫ﺃ‬ ، ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬2003‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ّ‫ﻱ‬‫ﺑﺄ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻢ‬ ،
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ‬2004‫ﺣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻝ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬‫ﺍﻹﻋ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻄﻂ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻴﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤـﺎﺭ‬

9. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
‫ﻣﻤ‬‫ﺍﻧﺘﻘـﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿـﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜـﻦ‬ ، ‫ّﻡ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﺗﻘـ‬ ‫ﺎ‬–‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻴـﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜـﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘـﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬-
" ‫ﻣﺠـﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛـﻮﻧﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻋﺠـ‬" ‫ﻣﺸـﻜﻠﺔ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﺒﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬ " ‫ﺰ‬‫ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺼـﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﻤـﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺃﺯﻣـﺔ‬ " ‫ﻟﺘﺼـﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻔـﺎﻗﻤﺖ‬ ، ‫ﻴﻨـﺎﺕ‬"
‫ﺣﺎﺩﺓ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸـﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺴـﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘــﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﺳـ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ‬‫ـﺪﺕ‬ّ‫ﻟ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴـﺒﺒﺎﺕ‬‫ﺣﺎﻟ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻧﻌـ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ــ‬‫ﺪﺍﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌـﻼﻗـﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘـﻮﺍﺯﻧ‬‫ﺔ‬)*(‫ﺍﻟﺸ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘـﺪﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻟﺪﺧ‬ ‫ـﺮﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬‫ﻭﻣﻌـﺪﻝ‬ ‫ﺳـﺮﺓ‬ُ‫ـﻼﻷ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻔـﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼـﻮﻝ‬ّ‫ﻲ‬‫ـﻜﻨ‬‫ﺭﺑﻤـﺎ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﺘﻨﻘـﻞ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺤـﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘـﺪ‬ ‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻛﺎﺭﺛ‬ ‫ﻣﺴـﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤـﺎﻟﺔ‬
8 7.5 7 Folds
Affordability of dwelling units by average family
for the following ten yearsActual for 2001, as per FAFO survey for 2003 and 2005, forecasted
)*(‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷـﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺸـﻴﺮ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻌـﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬-‫ﺍﻹﺳـ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻤـﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠـﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻷﺧـﺺ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬–‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬‫ﺑﺎﻹﻋﺘﺒـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺧـﺬ‬ ‫ﺿـﺮﻭﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘـﻮﺍﺯﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ‬‫ﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻔـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳـﺮﺓ‬ُ‫ﺍﻵ‬ ‫ﺩﺧـﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴـﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ّ‫ﻜ‬‫ﺗﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﻛﻲ‬ ، ‫ﺣﻴـﺎﺯﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻏـﺐ‬‫ـﻦ‬،–‫ﻣـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬‫ﺇﺳ‬‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳ‬ ‫ـﺘﺮﺩﺍﺩ‬‫ـ‬‫ـﺒﺔ‬-
‫ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻠـﻎ‬ ‫ﺗﺴـﺪﻳﺪ‬‫ﻭﺑﺪﻓﻌـﺎﺕ‬‫ﺳـﺮﺓ‬ُ‫ﺍﻷ‬ ‫ﺩﺧـﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼـﺮﻑ‬ ‫ّﻧﻬـﺎ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻳﻜـ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﺘﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻓﻘـﺔ‬‫ﺑﻨﻘ‬ .‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻬ‬ ‫ـﻞ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺁﻧﻔ‬ ‫ـﻮﻡ‬‫ـ‬"‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻧﺴـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬: ّ‫ﻓـﺈﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺃﺭﻗـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺒـﺎﻟﻎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ُﻤﺜـﻠﻪ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬‫ﻻﻳ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺛﻠﺚ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺰﻳـﺪ‬‫ﺇﺟﻤـﺎﻟﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫)ﺑﻬﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺳـﺮﺓ‬ُ‫ﺍﻵ‬ ‫ﺩﺧـﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻯ‬‫ﻭﺍﻹﺩﺍﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬. (
‫ﺣﻴ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻔـﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ـﺎﺯﺓ‬‫)ﺃﺭﺿﺎ"ﻭ‬(‫ﺗﺤﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻨﻰ‬ "‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬‫ﻻﺗ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺰﻳﺪ‬7‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻨﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺧـﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜـﺎﻝ‬‫ﻟﻸ‬‫ﺳـﺮﺓ‬،‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻛﻲ‬‫ﻣﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﺳﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫ﻣـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻓﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺽ‬20-25‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬5‫ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ‬."‫ﻣﺠﺎﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫)ﻣﺪﻋﻮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻣﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮﺍﺕ‬2000‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻥ‬ ‫ّﻨﺖ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﺭﺓ‬‫ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺳﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺬ‬‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫)ﻻﺗﺸـﻤﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺷـﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺬﺍﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻓﺘﺮﺍﺽ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻮﻓﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬(‫ﻣﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬"‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻁﺊ‬"‫ﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﺧ‬ ‫ﺫﻭﻱ‬ "‫ـ‬‫ﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤ‬‫ـ‬" ‫ﺪﻭﺩ‬)‫ﺑﻤﺴـﺎ‬‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﺣﺔ‬80‫ﻡ‬2(‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺗﺼ‬‫ـﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬)40(‫ﺿﻌﻒ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻨﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻝ‬ّ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻟﻤﻌـ‬‫ﻟﺪﺧﻞ‬‫ﻟﻸ‬‫ﺣﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺓ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺳـﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬‫ﺗﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬–‫ﻧﻈ‬‫ـ‬"‫ﺮﻳﺎ‬-‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬120. ‫ﺳـﻨﺔ‬

10. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
U: ‫ﺍﻟﺜــﺎﻧـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔـﺼــﻞ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳــﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﻤـﻮﻏـﺮﺍﻓﻴــﺎ‬__________________________________
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻮﺩ‬‫ﻨﺼ‬‫ﺑﻨﺴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻌـﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺖ‬ُ‫ﺁ‬ ,‫ﺮﻣﺔ‬‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫)ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻢ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻌﻘﺪ‬
‫ﻣ‬ "‫ﺑـﺪءﺍ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻦ‬1937‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ (1997)‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﻐﻄﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﺿﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜـﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺳـﺎﺋﺪﺓ‬( ‫ﺃﻧﺌـﺬ‬‫ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺗﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ ,‫ﻭﺷ‬ ‫ﺩﻗﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻤﻮﻟﻬﺎ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻺﺣﺼﺎءﺍﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬–‫ﺗﺤﻠ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬‫ﻭﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬-‫ﻗﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻴﺪ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻭﺗﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬.‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﺧﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬
-‫ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻨﻔ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻮﺱ‬1997:22,046‫ﻧﺴ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬‫ﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺯﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺓ‬3‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ,%‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
28‫ﻣﻠﻴ‬‫ﻧﺴ‬ ‫ﻮﻥ‬‫ﻤﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬2005‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ ,34,392
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬2012)*‫ﻭﻗﺮﺍﺑﺔ‬ (40‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬2020.
-‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺍﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻠﺖ‬‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬70‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ %‫ﻋـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ـﻮﺱ‬
1997‫ﺑﻠﻮﻏﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺸﻴﺮ‬ ,‫ﻣﺎﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ‬
81,6‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ %2015)**(‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻗﺮﺍﺑﺔ‬83%‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬2020)*(
-‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺴﻢ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻞ‬ّ‫ﻜ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺰﻓﻲ‬ّ‫ـ‬‫ﺑﺘﺮﻛ‬
‫ﻧﺴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒﺔ‬25%,‫ﺍﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﻘ‬ ‫ﻮﺯﻉ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺇﺫ‬ ,‫ﻣﺘﺴﺎﻭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﻧﻔﻮﺱ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺭﺑﺖ‬14‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬,-‫ﻭﻳ‬‫ﺍﻹﻳﻀ‬ ‫ﺸـﻴﺮ‬‫ـﺎﺡ‬
‫ﺃﺩﻧﺎﻩ‬-‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﻔﺎﻅﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ‬2012) .***(
____________________________________________________________________________________________
*‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼـﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺣﺼـﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺸـﺮﺓ‬2002.‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨـﻄﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺣﺼـﺎء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛـﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺄﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬
**Cities in a Globalizing World UN Publication 1997
***Global Urban Indicators 1999

11. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
Population Histogram 2004
0to4
5to9
10to14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75+
Source: Iraq Multiple Indicator Rapid Assessment 2004
female 6.8 6.4 6.3 5.5 5.1 4.1 3.6 2.8 2.1 1.9 1.4 1.5 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.6
male 7 6.7 6.5 5.6 5.2 4.3 3.6 2.7 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.1 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5
0to
4
5to
9
10t
o14
15-
19
20-
24
25-
29
30-
34
35-
39
40-
44
45-
49
50-
54
55-
59
60-
64
65-
69
70-
74
75+
‫ـﺪﺕ‬ّ‫ﻛ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺖ‬ُ‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺣﺼـﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴـﻮﺣﺎﺕ‬
2004‫ﺍﻷﺳـﺎﺳـﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ,‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﺴـﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬
"‫ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎ‬"‫ﻓﺘﻴـﺎ‬) ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺴﺎﻭﻯ‬49,9%
‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ,(‫ﺇﻧﺎﺙ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺪﺭﺍﺗﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﺌ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﺎﺕ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺗﻤﺜ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻞ‬41"‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ %
‫)ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬14,( ‫ﺇﻧﺎﺙ‬ %‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﺍﻵﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺕ‬:
‫ﻣﻌﺪﻝ‬‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬‫ﺃ‬= ‫ﺍﻷﺳـﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬6,4)6,1(‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺍﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
= ‫ﺃﻧﺜﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺃﺳﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳـﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬11%
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺰﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻐﺖ‬ ,‫ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬40‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ %
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻭﺟﻮﻥ‬54%
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﻣﻞ‬5%
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﻮﻥ‬1%
‫ﺑﻤﻌﺪﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻛﺘﻈﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺷـﺮﺍﺕ‬9%
‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻮﻡ‬‫ﺑﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬7‫ﻟ‬ %‫ﻠﺤﻀﺮ‬
‫ﻭ‬16‫ﻟ‬ %‫ﻠﺮﻳﻒ‬
‫ﻣﻌ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺷـﻐﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺪﻝ‬1,1‫ﺃ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺮﺓ‬‫ﺳـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﺳ‬ ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻤﻌ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺪﻻﺗ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴـﻜﻦ‬‫ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻨﻤﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬
150‫ﻭﺣ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻒ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺪﺓ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬2005‫ﻣﺎﻳﻘﺎﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬
200‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺳـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻒ‬2015
‫ﺑﻘ‬ ‫)ﺑﺎﻓﺘﺮﺍﺽ‬‫ﻣﻌﺪﻻﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺎء‬(‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

12. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
U: ‫ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬UU‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴــﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺠــﺰ‬ ‫ﻧﻤـﻮ‬
‫ﺗﻘـﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻜﻨﻲ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬2004‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ "‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﺘـﺮﺽ‬‫ﻣﻼﻳﻴـﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌـﺔ‬،‫ﺳـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣـﺪﺓ‬‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮ‬"‫ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳـﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ :‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻝ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ‬ ‫)ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ "‫ﻣﻘﺴﻮﻣﺎ‬ (.‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺳـﺮ‬ُ‫ﺍﻷ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻝ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻮﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬ ) ‫ﺑﺄﺻﻨﺎﻓﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ّﺛﺔ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣﺤ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻮﺣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬/‫ﻭﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ:ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ،‫ﺑﻨﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤـﻮ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺠﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻲ‬ (‫ﺭﻳﻒ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺪﺛﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ‬ + ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﻢ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴـﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺳـﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬
)،( ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻹﺳﺘﺪﺍﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬*‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻮﺣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻥ‬ "‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎ‬ (
‫ﺗﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬.‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ "‫ﻭﺻﻮﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬‫ﺇ‬‫ﺍﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸـﻴﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﺼـﺎءﺍﺕ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺴـﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻘـﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨـﻄﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬ )( ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺎﺯﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺛﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻨﻮﺡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻲ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﻠﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬
) ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ‬1981: (1541027) ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻌﺪ‬ ،‫ﺳﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬298020) ‫(ﻟﻠﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬81-87‫،ﺃﺻﺒﺢ‬ (
) ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ‬1987: (1839117) ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻌﺪ‬ ،‫ﺳﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬219504) ‫(ﻟﻠﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬87-96‫ﺃﺻﺒﺢ‬ ، (
) ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ‬1996: (2058621.‫ﺳﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬
(‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺟﺴﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﺷﺮ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬–‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﻏﻢ‬
‫ﻅﺮﻭﻓﻬﺎ‬–‫)ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻳﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬90‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ %‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ (‫ﻁﻨﻴﻦ‬15‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﺪﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬34500.‫ﺳﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺪﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ‬ ‫ّﺭﺕ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻗ‬2000‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬–‫ﺁﻧﺌـﺬ‬-) ‫ﺗﻮﻓﻴـﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬880000‫ﺣﺎﺟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘـﺪﻳﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻢ‬ ، ‫ﺳـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣـﺪﺓ‬ (‫ـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻮﻙ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ‬‫ﺗـﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜـﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺷـﻤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ .‫ﺣﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬
‫ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻔﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬)1100000.‫ﺳﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ (
‫ﺗﻘﺎﺭﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﺷـﺎﺭﺕ‬‫ﺻ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺪﺭﺕ‬2003‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴ‬ ‫ﺓ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸ‬ ‫ﺘﻮﻁﻨﺖ‬‫ﺮﻳ‬‫ﺔ‬UN-HABITAT‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺇﺟﻤﺎ‬‫ﻟﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺬﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺳﻨﻮﻳﺎ‬‫ﺍﻧﺤﺪﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻁﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺴﻖ‬
)16(‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬2‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬1989)‫ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬50‫ﺃ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻒ‬
( ‫ﺳﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬،‫ﺣﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬‫ﺍﻟﻲ‬)350(‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻒ‬2‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬
1996‫،ﻣﺎﻟﺒﺚ‬-‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬‫ﺷ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻤﻮﻝ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻣﻘ‬ ‫ﻂ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﺑﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﻐ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺬﺍء‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬2000-‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬)15(‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬2‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﺕ‬‫ﻛﺎﻓـﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬2002.
_____________________________
*‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺽ‬‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻢ‬‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺩﺭﺕ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺴﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋﻤﺎﺭ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺍﺧﺮ‬2003‫ﺑ‬‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺠﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﻤﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺢ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍء‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻧﻲ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ "‫ﻣﺨﻄﻄﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍء‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺒﻖ‬
. ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻁﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬
Population
Growth

13. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
‫)ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻠﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬2003‫ﺻ‬ (‫ـ‬‫ﺗﻘ‬ ‫ﺪﺭ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ‬ ‫ﺮﻳﺮ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬‫ﻗـﺪﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻨـﺎء‬‫ﻗﻄ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﺎﻉ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺮﺍﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺌـﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬‫ﺑﺎﻋﺘ‬ ،‫ﺳـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣـﺪﺓ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺩ‬2000‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭ‬
)"‫ﺁﻧﻔﺎ‬1,1‫ﺍﺳ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ "‫ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎ‬ (‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺪ‬2003‫ﻣﺜ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻞ‬:
•‫ﺇﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻠـﻴﻦ‬ّ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣ‬Internally Displaced Population
•‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ـﺮﻳﻦ‬ّ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺠ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﺮﺍﻕ‬Immigrated Population
•‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻀﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ‬War Damages
•‫ﻟﻠﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺸﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻣﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬Vulnerable Groups
‫ﺇﺳ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺘﻬﺪﻑ‬‫ﻣﺆﺗﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺭﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺮ‬) ‫ﺤﻴﻦ‬‫ﺃﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬‫ﺃﻭﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ‬ /2003‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻟﻎ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ‬ (
‫ﺍﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﺸﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻬﻮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬،‫ﺗﻤ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗﻨﻔ‬ ‫ﻮﻳﻞ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻴﺬ‬)280(‫ﻭﺣ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻒ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺪﺓ‬4‫ﺳ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬
)2004-2007.(
‫ﺃ‬ / ‫ﺃﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻭﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ‬2003،‫ﻗ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻹﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺪﺭﺕ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺎﺭ‬–‫ﺍﻟـﺪﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤـﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺸـﺎﺭﻛﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻴـﻞ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠﻤ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑﻤ‬ ‫ﺎﻧﺤﻴﻦ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺪﺭﻳﺪ‬–‫ﺑﻌ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴـﺘﺠﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻤـﻮﺟﺐ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟـﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑﺄﻛﺜ‬ ( ‫ﺍﻟﺤـﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺳـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺮ‬،
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻁﻠﺒﺖ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻓﻘ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺗﺨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺼﻴﺺ‬‫ﻣﺒﻠ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻎ‬‫ﻣﻠﻴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﺭﻱ‬‫ﻟﺘﻨﻔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻻﺭ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺬ‬)70(‫ﺃ‬‫ﻭﺣ‬ ‫ﻟﻒ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺪﺓ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬2004.

14. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
U‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬:UU‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬‫ﻺﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬
•‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻐﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬1987‫ﺗﺘﻄ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺤﺴﺮ‬ ،‫ﻠﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﻫـﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺼـﺮ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻫﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺿﻤﺤﻠﺖ‬ ،‫ﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻁﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﻥ‬:
o: ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬."‫ﻣﺠﺎﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻣﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺄﺳﻌﺎﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻮﻅﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬
o‫ﺍﻟﻘ‬) ‫ﺗﻐﻄﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺒﺎﻟﻎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ : ‫ﺮﻭﺽ‬60‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ (%–‫ﻟﻐﺎﻳـﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬1991-‫ﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺪﺩ‬20.‫ﺮﺓ‬ّ‫ﺴ‬‫ﻣﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻔﻮﺍﺋﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬
o.‫ﺍﻟﻄـﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻹﺗﺼـﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼـﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺎء‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴـﺬ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ‬
o‫ﺗﺄ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬‫ﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬–‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬–‫ﻭﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻁﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎء‬‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫)ﺑﺎﻷﺧﺺ‬1991‫ﻭﻟﻠﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬2001-2003.(
o‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺇﺻﺪﺍ‬ ،‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻠﻬﺎ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺘﻀﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻐﺎءﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻫﺎ‬‫)ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺌﺬ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ‬
/.(‫..ﺍﻟﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺍﺋﺐ‬ / ‫ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺭ‬
•‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺬﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺌﺜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻈـﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻁﻨﻴﻦ‬‫ﺍﻹﻧﻔـﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻘ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻖ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻣﺸ‬ ‫ﺬ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸـﻴﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺎﺭﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻂ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ،‫ﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒﺔ‬94%
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬1980‫ﻭﺃﺻﺒﺤ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺖ‬96,7‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ %1987،
‫ﺛﻢ‬91‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ %1991.
•‫ﺍﻗﺘ‬ ،‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺮﺑﺖ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻁﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺬﻫﺎ‬–‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬1987
‫ﻭﻟﻐ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﻳﺔ‬2002–‫ﻣﻦ‬100%‫ﻣﺠﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ـﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺬﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬
•‫ﺗﺸ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺣﺼﺎءﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻴﺮ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻴﻂ‬
‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬‫ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎﻉ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺸﻴﻴﺪ‬1992-2001‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬:‫ﻥ‬
o‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻝ‬‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺬﺕ‬ّ‫ﻔ‬‫ﻧ‬275(‫ﺣﻀﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺎ")ﻓﻲ‬ "‫ﻣﺘﺮﺍ‬
o‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻝ‬300‫ﻡ‬2.‫ﺑﻄﺎﺑﻘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬
o‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻝ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬‫ﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻭﺡ‬270‫ﺃ‬‫ﻟﻒ‬‫ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬1992،‫ﻟﻴﺼﺒﺢ‬18,6‫ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬1996‫ﺛﻢ‬ ،25‫ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬2001.‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴـﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴـﺬ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻔـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌـﺪﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭ/ﻡ‬ )2(‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﻭﺭ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻁﻨﻴ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺬﺓ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻦ‬،‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻹﺳﻠﻮﺏ‬2001‫ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬91
‫ﺃ‬ ،‫ﺃﻟﻒ‬‫ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﻱ‬40‫ﺩﻭﻻﺭﺍ"/ﻡ‬2.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺮﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬
•‫ﺃ‬‫ﺷﺎﺭﺕ‬‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬‫)ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻄﺎءﺍﺕ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ (‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭﺍﺧﺮ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬2001‫ﻭ‬2002
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬‫ﻣﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬‫ﻣﺤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻣﻌﻈ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑﺴﻌﺔ‬ ) ‫ﺮﺍﻕ‬504‫ﺷ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺘ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻮﺯﻉ‬‫ﻣﺘﻜ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻮﻧﺔ‬3-4( ‫ﻁﻮﺍﺑﻖ‬‫ﻣﻌ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻛﻠﻔ‬ ‫ﺪﻝ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣ‬ ‫ﺬ‬‫ـ‬) ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺪﺓ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﺘﻬﺎ‬ "‫ﺷﺎﻣﻼ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺬﺍﻷﺑﻨﻴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬:‫ﺳﺎﺣﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﺳﻮﻕ،ﻣﺴﺠﺪ‬ ،‫ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ‬ ،‫ﺻﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬‫ﺃﻁﻔﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻋﺐ‬ ،‫ﺭﻳﺎﺿﺔ‬‫ﻭﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺿﻤ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻣﻮﻗ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻊ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻊ‬:‫ﻁﺮﻕ‬ ،‫ﻫﺎﺗﻒ‬ ،‫ﺻﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﺮﻑ‬ ،‫ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬ ،‫ﻣﺎء‬،‫ﺣﺪﺍﺋﻖ‬(‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬‫ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬16‫ﻳﻮﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻒ‬،‫ﻳﺸﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬(‫ﺗﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬ ،‫ﺗﻬﻴﺄﺓ‬ ،‫)ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ‬‫ﺇﻳ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬‫ﺇﺿـﺎﻓﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬(‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺷﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫)ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬.

15. ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ / ‫ﺍﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ESCWA / Housing in Iraq / Country Profile
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻌﺪ‬-‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﻄﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﻜﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ / ‫ﻱ‬Sa'ad al-Zubaidi / Architect – Urban Planner /ESCWA Consultant
•‫ﻹﺻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻴﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻗﻄ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺸﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺪﺍﺭ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﺎﻉ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎﺑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔـﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻐـﺬﺍء‬ ‫ﻞ‬،
‫ﻗﺎﻣﺖ‬-‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬2000-‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﺴـﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣـﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﺠﻨـﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬
)( ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻳﺘﻄﻠـﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒـﺎﻟﻎ‬ ‫ﺗﻘـﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ "‫ﻭﺻـﻮﻻ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺌـﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻄـﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺣـﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗـﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ "‫ﺳﻨﻮﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺼﻬﺎ‬: ‫ﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬
o‫ﺃﻭﻟﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬.‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬
o‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬-"‫ﻣﺤﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬-.‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻹﺩﺍﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﺰﺕ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺪﺍﺕ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻗﺪﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬140‫ﻡ‬2(‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠ‬ ) ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ،( ‫ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ "‫ﻣﺤﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻠﺰﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﻣﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ "‫ﻣﺤﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ .(‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫)ﻣﻘﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻨﺌـﺬ‬‫ﺳﻌﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﻠ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬‫ﺐ‬–‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺼﺎﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ"ﻭﻧﻮﻋﺎ"،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬-.
•‫ﺗﺸ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻧﺘ‬ ‫ﻴﺮ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻷﺣﺼ‬ ‫ﺎﺋﺞ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺎءﺍﺕ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬‫ـ‬�‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻄﻴﻂ‬
-‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛ‬ ‫ﺎﺯ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻟﻸﺣﺼ‬ ‫ﺰﻱ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎء‬-‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺃﺣﺼ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺃﺑﻨﻴ‬ ‫ﺎء‬‫ـ‬�‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‬)�‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻁﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻴﻦ‬�‫ﻟﻌ‬ (‫ـ‬‫ﺎﻡ‬2001�‫ﺍﻷﺟ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ�ﻰ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻓﻮﻋ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻣﻠ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﻴﻦ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻠﺖ‬ّ‫ﻜ‬�‫ﻧﺴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒﺔ‬22%�‫ﻣﺠﻤ‬ ‫ﻣ�ﻦ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗﺸ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺮﻭﻓﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻷﺑﻨﻴ‬ ‫ﻴﻴﺪ‬‫ـ‬, ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺣ�ﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻓ�ﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻎ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺮﻭﻓﺔ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺮﺍء‬�‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻷﻧﺸ‬ ‫ﻮﺍﺩ‬‫ـ�ـ‬‫ﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ّ‫ﻜ‬‫ﺗﺸ‬78‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ %.
‫ﻨ‬ّ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻧﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘـﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺖ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬‫ﺎﻫ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺮﻳﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
) ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬20%‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ (‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄـﺎﻉ‬‫ﻋﺪﺩﻫﻢ‬)33600(‫ﺧ‬‫ﻼﻝ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬2001‫،ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺟﺎءﺕ‬‫ﻧﺴ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﻲ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﺪﺩ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ‬–‫ﻧﺼ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻒ‬‫ﻭﻏ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻴﺮ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﻫ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺮﻳﻦ‬-
10%‫ﻭ‬70. ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ %
•‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺪﺕ‬–‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬2002-‫ﻋﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺔ‬‫ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬140‫ﺳﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻒ‬
) ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬2003-2012‫ﺑﺘﻨﻔﻴـﺬ‬ ‫ﺗﺒـﺪﺃ‬ (10‫ﺁﻻﻑ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬"‫ﺷﻬﺮﺍ‬)‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬2004(،‫ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺗﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴـﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘـﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﻋﺘﻤـﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬–‫ﺣﻴﻨﺌـﺬ‬–‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬‫ﺗﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﺨ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤـﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﻘـﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓـﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠـﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﺩﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺂﻱ‬ ‫ﻄـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬.