What Are The Drone Anti-jamming Systems Technology?
BI Business Requirements - A Framework For Business Analysts
1. BI Business Requirements
A Framework for Business Analysts
Nancy Williams, VP
DecisionPath Consulting
nancy.williams@decisionpath.com
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved
2. BI- What Are We Trying to Achieve?
Business
Business Business Business
Measurement
Information Decisions Actions
& Analysis
In the Context of Business Processes
Management Customer Operating Processes,
Processes, e.g. Processes, e.g. e.g. Manufacturing,
Planning, Budgeting, Marketing, Sales, Order Fulfillment,
Controlling Customer Service Billing
Business Intelligence and
Equals Business Results $$$
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 2
3. Maturing Information Models
Information Requirements- the new BI Paradigm
Traditional Information
Requirements Approaches
Business Intelligence Requirements
Approach
Report layouts
List of Data Elements
What business information do we need?
Query and reporting
specifications For what business analyses?
Oriented around “what” is In support of which key business decisions?
needed, with little business That impact what core business processes?
context To deliver how much business value?
“Build it and they will come” Via what changes to people, processes, and
approach technology
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 3
4. What Do We Need to Do?
Create a BI Strategy- Define BI Opportunities
Identify Risks
Identify Risks Develop BI
Develop BI Leverage BI
Leverage BI
Create a BI
Create a BI Execute via
Execute via
& Change
& Change Program &
Program & for Profit
for Profit
Strategy
Strategy Best Practices
Best Practices
Imperatives
Imperatives Release Plans
Release Plans Improvement
Improvement
• Aligns BI needs with Business
Drivers, Strategies, and
Processes
• Identifies specific
opportunities for using BI to
improve business performance
• Articulates explicit “business
case” for each opportunity
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 4
5. BI Business Requirements Process
Inputs Requirements Activities Artifacts Inputs to Next
Phases
Analytic
Conduct Requirements Interviews, Facilitated Sessions Needs,
Metrics, KPIs
Define Input to
Metrics Analytical Release
Areas Planning
Analytic Needs
Matrix
Identify Document
Reports
Business Terms and
Questions Definitions
Definition of
Terms
Interview Notes Define/ Refine
Facts & Input to Logical
Qualifiers Modeling
Fact/ Qualifier
Matrix
Map to Data
Sources
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 5
6. BI Requirements Preparation
Understanding the Strategic Context- Business Drivers,
Goals, and Strategies
• Private sector
– SEC filings • Public sector
– Annual Report – Many of the same types of
– Business and IT strategic documents noted for Private
plans Sector
– Industry analyses – Agency strategic plans
– Trade association web sites – Agency mission and vision
statements
– Documents that describe
current architecture and – Current and next year
technical environment budgets
– Existing business – OMB documents
plans/justification documents – Relevant public policy
for enterprise applications documentation
– Research to determine
business processes, business
context and key business
processes
– Balanced Scorecard(s)
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 6
7. BI Requirements Preparation
Develop a “Hypothesis” and Prepare Participants
1. Establish Strategic Context and Understanding of Business Drivers,
Goals, and Strategies
2. Determine current, “as-is” information capabilities
3. Develop a working hypothesis regarding new “to-be” BI capabilities that
align with and support business goals and strategies
4. Notify participants about the purpose of interviews/facilitated sessions
and how they can prepare
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 7
8. Facilitated Sessions and Interviews-
Making Connections- Business Alignment
Define Analytical Areas
Business Questions:
Analytical Areas:
Analytic Needs,
What are my sales by region? Metric, KPIs
Sales and Revenue Analysis:
What are my sales by region?
What is the historical average What is our revenue at the
product level? 3. Define
amount paid by claim type? purpose/story
Claims Analysis: for analytical
What is our revenue at the area explaining
product level? What is the historical average
amount paid by claim type? BI impact
opportunities
How many customer service
calls did I get yesterday? Customer Service Analysis:
How many customer service
1. Define themes or calls did I get yesterday? Analytic Needs
“areas for analysis” Matrix
2. Group questions
into analytical
areas 4. Align analytic
needs areas with
business goals
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 8
9. Sample Artifact- Analytic Needs Glossary
Analytic Needs Glossary
Cross-Selling Analysis: Customer Complaint Analysis:
While a business goal exists to increase revenue through While there is an established corporate goal to improve
better leveraging cross-selling opportunities, information is customer satisfaction ratings, there is currently no
currently not available to improve the management of information to quantify or analyze complaints. Currently
current cross-selling efforts. Current cross-selling the only information available is the number of customer
information is limited to counting cross-selling events. calls. It is unclear how many of these calls relate to
Cross-selling analysis will enable managers to analyze the different types of customer complaints.
effectiveness cross-selling pilot programs across the Customer complaint analysis will enable managers to
organization. It will enable managers to adjust messaging, quantify customer complaints over time and to
and customer targets, based on the effectiveness of pilot understand why customers are complaining.
programs. This type of information is critical to achieving Management can then take steps to resolve the
increased cross-selling revenue targets. underlying problems associated with customer
Questions: dissatisfaction expressed through complaints.
1.What is the actual vs. projected cross-selling events and Questions:
associated revenue by pilot by location, by department, by 1.How many customer complaints were their by
time? complaint type by time?
2.Which pilots aimed at the same customer targets were 2.What products/services are associated with the
the most and least effective based by demographic profile? most/least customer complaints? How has this changed
over time?
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 9
10. Sample Artifact- Analytic Needs Matrix
Analytic Needs Matrix
Analytic Needs
Business Goals Cross-selling Customer Customer Customer
Analysis Segmentation Complaint Satisfaction
Analysis Analysis
1. Increase Revenue through
leveraging cross-selling
opportunities.
2. Improve Customer Satisfaction by
reducing customer complaint
levels.
3. Continue to enroll new members by
establishing new channels,
marketing to new demographic
groups.
continued list of goals
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 10
12. Sample Artifact- Definition of Terms
Definition of Terms
Example: Define “customer” for a hotel chain
Possibilities include:
1. A customer is a hotel customer
2. A customer is someone who makes a reservation
3. A customer is someone who has had at least one stay at a hotel
4. A customer may be a business or individual who rents a hotel facility
5. A customer is someone who signs up for the hotel loyalty program
6. A customer may not make the reservation; is the person who made the
reservation the customer, or the person who stayed?
Candidate definition:
“A customer is an individual, group, or business who has received one or more hotel
services, including hotel stays, facility rentals, and/or other additional hotel
services, such as spa services. Hotel services may or may not have been paid for
by the customer. A customer does not have to complete a hotel stay to be
considered a customer.”
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 12
13. BI Requirements Alignment and Traceability
Requirements Artifact Summary
Analytic
What are the measurement Needs,
and analytic (information) Metrics, KPIs
need areas of the business?
What specific questions need to be Analytic Needs
answered for each information Matrix
need area?
Traceability
How do these information
Fact/Qualifier
needs map to the business
Matrix
goals?
What facts and qualifiers are
needed to answer the business Business
questions? Requirements
Database
What are the shared definitions
for business specific terms and
Definition of Terms
acronyms?
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 13
14. Additional BI Business Requirements
Requirements
Requirements
Analytic Need
Sourcing and
Data Quality
BI Success
Business
Business
Business
Question
Group(s)
Process
Metrics
Priority
History
Goal(s)
Issues
Notes
Time
User
Loyalty Keep loyal Manage Promotions Daily 3 Years
Marketing customers on-going Monitoring
promotion & Analysis
Reservations &
Reservations &
Expand loyal Info Loyalty Member
Loyalty Member
customer
base tables; Data
tables; Data
This is a business 1 year prior to start of Quality – OK
Quality – OK
Reservations & Revenue Lift,
question. It needs to be promotion, 2 periods after
High 4 lines and should not
Weekly
the end. Use current values
Loyalty Member; Capacity Filled
Quality – OK Lift, …
be readable. for member addresses …
This is a business 1 year prior to start of
Reservations &
question. It needs to be promotion, 2 periods after
High Weekly Loyalty Member; This is a note
What are the measurable
What are the measurable
4 lines and should not
be readable.
the end. Use current values
for member addresses …
Quality – OK
statistics (member count,
statistics (member count, This is a business
question. It needs to be
1 year prior to start of
promotion, 2 periods after
Reservations & Revenue Lift,
High Weekly Loyalty Member; Capacity Filled
trips, revenue, tickets,
trips, revenue, tickets, 4 lines and should not
be readable.
the end. Use current values
for member addresses …
Quality – OK Lift, …
reservations) by airport,
reservations) by airport, This is a business
1 year prior to start of
1 year prior to start of
1 year prior to start of
Reservations &
Medium question. It needs to be
4 lines and should not promotion, 2 periods
Weekly
promotion, 2 periods after
promotion, 2 periods
the end. Use current values
Loyalty Member;
Quality – OK
Program cost in
dollars
This is a note
be readable. for member addresses …
This is a business
after the end. Use
after the end. Use
1 year prior to start of
Reservations & Revenue Lift,
question. It needs to be promotion, 2 periods after
Medium 4 lines and should not
be readable.
Weekly
current values for
current values for
the end. Use current values
for member addresses …
Loyalty Member;
Quality – OK
Capacity Filled
Lift, …
This is a business member addresses …
member addresses …
1 year prior to start of
Reservations & Revenue Lift,
question. It needs to be promotion, 2 periods after
Low 4 lines and should not
Weekly
the end. Use current values
Loyalty Member; Capacity Filled
Quality – OK Lift, …
be readable. for member addresses …
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 14
15. From Requirements to BI Opportunities
Analytic Needs,
nts
ire ess
Metrics, KPIs
Business
me
Re Busin
Value
qu
Analytic Needs
Matrix
BI Program
BI
Plan
Opportunity
(Release
Map (Portfolio)
Strategy)
Data Source
nts
ire al
Analysis
qu nic
me
Re ech
Implementation
T
Risk
Technical
Architecture
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 15
16. Developing the BI Opportunity Portfolio
What specific BI project opportunities exist to deliver business value?
High Revenue Supply Chain
Management Analysis
High Risk /
Plums
Business Impact
Reward
Customer
Service Anal. Category
Inventory
Management Management
Easy Wins Why Do It?
Low
Low Risk High
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 16
17. BI Opportunity Checklist
Opportunity n Opportunity Checklist:
What business goals and strategies are in focus?
As is definition:
What information is currently available to support
these business goals and strategies
What business questions can’t be answered and why
is this a problem?
To be definition:
What type of BI capability (provide name) is needed?
How will this BI capability address the business
problem?
What specific business questions need to be
answered?
What business improvement opportunities can be
realized through using this BI capability?
How does this help achieve business goals and
strategies?
How will performance improvements be measured?
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 17
18. Use Requirements to Implement
Business Information Design &
Requirements Development
From Questions to Data Logical Models
Gather Information
Requirements
Prototype
TRACEABILITY
Definition of Terms
Alignment
Design Inputs Transformation Rules
Analytic Needs,
Metrics, KPIs
Reports Design
Analytic Needs Matrix
Development
Fact:Qualifier Matrix
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 18
19. Prototyping- From Opportunity to Design
User Profiles Usage Scenarios Delivery Methods
Business Process:
Customer Service -
Order Fulfillment
Execs and Senior Manage customer relationships
Management Business Activity This data use… Leads to this information…
Dashboards, Scorecards
Look at order fill rate by One set of customers are lower than the
customer average
Business Scenario Compare to target fill rate and We are not meeting target fill rates for these
explore year to date trends customers and service levels have dropped
Explore the orders by product Identify common traits for lower order fill
and location rates (similar products, shipping location,
Middle Management, etc)
Analysts, Power Users Offer promotions to retain these customers
Business Decisions Correct cause of lower fill rates (underestimated sales Reports
forecast, manufacturing problem, distribution center backlog)
Knowledge Workers, How will they use the
Casual Users information? OLAP, Ad-Hoc Query
Who will use the How should the
information? information be
delivered?
Copyright DecisionPath Consulting 2011 — All Rights Reserved 19