4. CELLS
• All living things are made of cells.
• Cell is the basic unit of structure and function of all
living organisms.
• Plants and animals are made of trillions of cells.
• Some plants and animals are made of only one cell
For example: Bacteria.
• Cell are of different shapes and sizes.
• They have different functions.
6. MICROSCOPE
• An instrument used see small things which cannot
be seen by naked eye.
• Microscope use light to show image.
STRUCTURE
• It has a base, an arm, a tube, a stage and two
adjustment screws
• It has two lenses : an eye piece and an objective
8. Working
• The object to be seen
is placed on glass
slide and then on the
stage.
• To focus the object
adjust the adjustment
screws
9. MAGNIFYING POWER
• A light microscope can magnify up to
1500 times.
P
Plant Epidermal Cells
10. CELL STRUCTURE
• There are many parts in a cell.
• A microscopic study of cell shows different parts in
animal and plant cell.
• Cell Structure varies in case of animals as well as plants.
12. DIFFERENCE B/W ANIMAL AND PLANT
CELL
Animal Cell
1. It is oval in shape.
2. It has large nucleus
and small vacuole.
3. It has centrioles.
4. Chloroplast is
absent.
5. Cell wall is absent.
Plant Cell
1. It is rectangular in
shape.
2. It has small nucleus
and large vacuole.
3. It has chloroplast.
4. Centrioles are
absent.
5. Cell wall is present.
13. CELL ORGANELLES
CELL WALL
• Outermost covering of plant cell.
• Made of hard material named as cellulose.
• Provides support and shape to the cell.
• Absent in animal cell.
CELL MEMBRANE
• Outermost covering of animal cell.
• Controls movement of materials.
• Present next to cell wall in plant cell.
14. • Jellylike material inside cell membrane.
• Contains water and other chemicals.
• Tiny cell structures are present in it.
• Cell functions takes place in it.
• Most important part of cell.
• Controls all activities of cell.
• Control center of cell.
• Surrounded by a thin membrane called cell membrane.
• Thread like structures are present in it named as
chromosomes.
• 46 chromosomes are present in each cell.
15. • Network of channels.
• Movement of materials takes place in cell.
• Provides energy to the cell.
• Power house of cell.
• Contain chlorophyll.
• Trap energy from sun.
• Helps to manufacture food.
16. • Used to store waste i.e. water, air and food particles.
• A large vacuole is present in plant cell.
• Many small vacuoles are present in animal cell.
• Two in number.
• Only in animal cell.
• Present near nucleus.
• Play important role cell division.
17. UNICELLULAR AND MULTICELLULAR
ORGANISMS
• Organisms made of only one cell are termed as
unicellular organisms.
• For example: Bacteria, chlamydomonas, amoeba and
paramecium.
• Organisms made of more then one cell are termed as
multicellular organisms.
• For example: Things around us which we can see.
20. TISSUES
• A group of cells performing similar function is known as
tissue.
• Plants and animals have different tissues in their bodies.
For example: Epidermal tissue, xylem tissue, muscle
tissue, blood tissue.
PLANT TISSUES
1. EPIDERMAL TISSUES
• Covers the root, stem and leaves of a plant.
21. 2. XYLEM TISSUES
• Conduct water and salts from roots to the leaves.
3. PHLOEM TISSUE
• Carries prepared food from leaves to different
parts of plant
ANIMAL TISSUES
1. MUSCLE TISSUE
• Helps in movement of animal body.
2. BONE TISSUES
• Strong and solid tissues.
• Gives shape and support to the body.
3. BLOOD TISSUES
• Carries materials from one part to the other.
22.
23. ORGANS
• Different tissues group together to form organs.
• An organ perform one or more functions.
• For example: Leaf, flower, heart, brain.
PLANT ORGANS
LEAF
• They make food.
FLOWER
• They produce seeds.
• Seeds grow new plants.
24. ROOTS
•Holds plant in soil.
•Absorb water and salts for plants
ANIMAL ORGANS
HEART
• Pumps blood to all body parts.
TONGUE
• Tastes food and helps in digestion.
LIVER
• Helps in digestion of food.
• Performs many other important function.
26. ORGAN SYSTEM
• Group of organs which work together.
• Do one or more then one special function.
ORGAN SYSTEM IN PLANTS
1. ROOT SYSTEM
• Helps in absorption of water and salts.
2. SHOOT SYSTEM
• Includes leaves, branches and flowers.
• Make food, produce seeds and transport water.
27. ORGAN SYSTEM IN HUNANS
1. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
• Consist of mouth, food pipe, stomach, intestine
and liver.
• Helps in digestion of food.
2. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Consist of nose, windpipe and lungs.
• We breath through this system.
3. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
• Consist of heart and blood vessels.
• Circulates blood with in the body.
29. ORGANISMS
• Highest level of organization in living things.
• Organ system work in coordination.
• If any body system fails to work properly, a living
organism may die.
