Introduction Communication is not only about speaking to and hearing from people, it’s about understanding the complete message. Communication is the key to successful project management. Not only project management but also whole organization. A successful project manager must be a great communicator. Project Management Generally we can say that Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements. Project management can be defined as the discipline of applying specific processes and principles to initiate, plan, execute and manage the way that new initiatives or changes are implemented within an organization. [https://www.axelos.com/best-practice-solutions/prince2/what-is-project- management] So Project management is the practice of initiating, planning, executing, controlling, and closing the work of a team to achieve specific goals and meet specific success criteria at the specified time. Communication Communication is simply the act of transferring or sharing information, ideas, feeling from one place, person or group to another. Communication is a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior. [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/communication] Communication for making a project effective Accurate, useful, timely and credible communication is crucial to maintaining a cohesive team environment and achieving project success. All project information should be communicated consistently throughout each stage of the process so all

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Question 7: What is project Management? How will you make a project
effective by commutation?
Introduction
Communication is not only about speaking to and hearing from people, it’s about
understanding the complete message. Communication is the key to successful
project management. Not only project management but also whole organization. A
successful project manager must be a great communicator.
Project Management
Generally we can say that Project management is the application of knowledge,
skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements.
Project management can be defined as the discipline of applying specific processes
and principles to initiate, plan, execute and manage the way that new initiatives or
changes are implemented within an organization.
[https://www.axelos.com/best-practice-solutions/prince2/what-is-project-
management]
So Project management is the practice of initiating, planning, executing,
controlling, and closing the work of a team to achieve specific goals and meet
specific success criteria at the specified time.
Communication
Communication is simply the act of transferring or sharing information, ideas,
feeling from one place, person or group to another.
Communication is a process by which information is exchanged between
individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior.
[https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/communication]
Communication for making a project effective
Accurate, useful, timely and credible communication is crucial to maintaining a
cohesive team environment and achieving project success. All project information
should be communicated consistently throughout each stage of the process so all

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team members are equally informed. Open sharing of information should be
encouraged and a no surprises attitude must be adopted to create a trusting work
environment. A variety of communication mediums should also be used. Given
below different types of communication for project management:
Different Types of Communication in Projects
There are many perspectives to project communication. We'll take a look
at four types of communication aspects project managers need to be aware of...
 Project Perspective
 Organizational Perspective
 Formality Perspective
 Channel Perspective
[https://www.project-management-skills.com/different-types-of-
communication.html]
The descriptions of these are given below:
PROJECT PERSPECTIVE
From a project perspective, communication can be looked at as
either internal or external.
Internal communication is the communication that takes place between
project team members. Generally, this type of communication is "raw." It may
involve a lot of back-and-forth discussion as plans or issues are worked out.
External communication is communication between project team members
and the other project stakeholders. Examples include communication with
internal and external customers, other projects, and the media. Generally, this
type of communication is cleaned up or otherwise prepared before being
presented or sent to the receiving party.

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ORGANIZATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Communication from an organizational perspective can be categorized
as vertical, horizontal, or diagonal. This perspective takes into account the way
organizations are structured.
Vertical communication is the upward and downward communication flow
that happens between different hierarchical levels of the organization. An
example of upward communication is when a project team member provides
the project manager with a status update of his assigned tasks. An example
of downward communication is when the project manager shares the project
goals with the project team.
Horizontal communication refers to communication between people at the
same organizational level. An example of horizontal communication is when
project team members discuss project topics with each other.
Diagonal communication takes place between different functional divisions of
the organization. Diagonal communication has become more important as
matrix and project-based organizations become more common. To be effective
in these types of organizations, a project manager has to be familiar with the
different functions and managers within the organization and then plan his
communications accordingly.
On the other hand Communication from an organizational perspective can be
categorized as Upward and Downward communication.
Upward Communication
Upward Communication is the process of information flowing from the lower
levels of a hierarchy to the upper levels. This type of communication is becoming
more popular in organizations as traditional forms of communication are becoming
less popular. The more traditional organization types such as a hierarchy, places
people into separate ranks.
Upward communication helps employees to express their requirements, ideas, and
feelings. For the top management, upward communication is an important source
of information for business decisions.

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Downward communication
Downward communication is the communication where information or messages
flows from the top of the organizational structure from the bottom of the
organizational structure. Downward communication occurs when information
flows down the hierarch form superiors to subordinates. This type of
communication may forms such as staff meetings, company newsletter, company
policy statement, information memos, e-mail, face-to-face contact, orders,
instruction etc.
FORMALITY PERSPECTIVE
Another way to look at project communication is on whether it
is formal or informal.
Formal communication
The Formal Communication is the exchange of official information that flows
along the different levels of the organizational hierarchy and conforms to the
prescribed professional rules, policy, standards, processes and regulations of the
organization.
Some examples of formal communication include reports, presentations, and
media releases. This type of communication is usually planned and takes some
time and effort to prepare.
Informal communication
The Informal Communication is the casual and unofficial form of communication
wherein the information is exchanged spontaneously between two or more persons
without conforming the prescribed official rules, processes, system, formalities and
chain of command.
Informal communication includes emails and ad-hoc discussions. Informal
communication has increased as many projects start to use social networking.
Many people don't put much thought into their informal communications.
However, effective project managers realize this type of communication is just

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as important as formal communication. Whether formal or informal, you need
to make sure you communicate with a purpose and that you put some thought
into how you communicate in order to get the results you want.
CHANNEL PERSPECTIVE
Project managers also need to give consideration to the communication
channel they will deliver their message over.
This perspective deals with how your message will be communicated. Will it
be...
 Verbal or Non-Verbal
 Written or Oral
 Face-to-Face or via Telephone
There are many types of communication medium you can use. These are just a
few examples of the ways you can communicate your message.
Some of the factors to take into account when deciding what channel to use
are...
 Purpose of the communication
 Audience
 Type of information
Conclusion
Communication strategy and plan is crucial for greater project visibility and
ultimately for project success. Understanding the different types of
communication is important for making sure your project communication is
successful.