psychosocial health and stress happiness

1. PSYCHOSOCIAL HEALTH and Stress
LSN 1303: HEALTH & WELLNESS

2. PSYCHOSOCIAL HEALTH
• Encompasses the mental,
emotional, social & spiritual
dimensions of health.
• It is the result of a complex
interaction between a person’s
history and his or her thoughts
about and interpretations of the
past and what it means to the
present.

3. Traits of a psychosocially healthy personality
• Extroversion: the ability to adapt to a
social situation and demonstrate
assertiveness as well as power or
interpersonal involvement.
• Agreeableness: the ability to
conform, be likable, and demonstrate
friendly compliance as well as love.
• Openness to experience: the
willingness to demonstrate curiosity
and independence (also referred to
as inquiring intellect)
• Emotional stability: the ability to
maintain social control.
• Conscientiousness: the qualities of
being dependable and demonstrating
self-control, discipline, and need to
achieve
• Resiliency: the ability to adapt to
change and stressful events in
healthy and flexible ways.

4. Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• Psychologists have long
argued that before one can
achieve any of the
abovementioned
characteristics of
psychologically and social
healthy people, basic needs
must be met first

5. MENTAL HEALTH (The Thinking You)
• The successful
performance of mental
function and results in
productive activities,
fulfilling relationships,
and the ability to cope
with life’s challenges.

6. FACTORS AFFECTING PSYCHOSOCIAL HEALTH
• The Family
– Children raised in healthy,
nurturing, happy families
are more likely to become
well-adjusted, productive
adults.
– But, there are more factors
involved in a person’s
“process of becoming” not
just the family.

7. FACTORS AFFECTING PSYCHOSOCIAL HEALTH
• The Macro Environment
– Persistent stressors,
uncertainties, and threats can
cause significant problems.
– Having a positive role model in
the midst of chaos, or certain
positive personality traits can
help children from even the
worst environments remain
healthy and well adjusted.

8. FACTORS AFFECTING PSYCHOSOCIAL HEALTH
• Self-Efficacy &
Self-Esteem
– Self-efficacy; belief in
one’s ability to perform
a task successfully
– Self- esteem: sense of
self-respect and self-
worth.

9. FACTORS AFFECTING PSYCHOSOCIAL HEALTH
• Learned Helplessness and
Learned Optimism
– Learned helplessness:
pattern of responding
to situations by giving
up because of repeated
failure in the past.

10. FACTORS AFFECTING PSYCHOSOCIAL HEALTH
• Learned Optimism
– Teaching oneself to think
positively.

11. FACTORS AFFECTING PSYCHOSOCIAL HEALTH
• Personality
– Unique mix of characteristics
that distinguish you from
others.
– It determines how we react
to challenges of life, interpret
our feelings, and resolve our
conflicts.

12. Traits of a psychosocially healthy personality
• Extroversion

13. Traits of a psychosocially healthy personality
• Agreeableness

14. Traits of a psychosocially healthy personality
• Openness to Experience

15. Traits of a psychosocially healthy personality
• Emotional Stability

16. Traits of a psychosocially healthy personality
• Conscientiousness

17. Traits of a psychosocially healthy personality
• Resiliency

18. FACTORS AFFECTING PSYCHOSOCIAL HEALTH
• Life span and Maturity
– Transition to independence
– Requires successful completion
of earlier development task;
• Problem solving
• Evaluating decisions
• Defining and adhering to
personal values
• Establishing casual and intimate
relationships.

19. Strategies to Enhance Psychosocial Health
• Find a support group

20. Strategies to Enhance Psychosocial Health
• Complete required tasks

21. Strategies to Enhance Psychosocial Health
• Form realistic expectations

22. Strategies to Enhance Psychosocial Health
• Make time for yourself:
Make sure that you do
things that you enjoy

23. Strategies to Enhance Psychosocial Health
• Maintain physical
health through exercise

24. Strategies to Enhance Psychosocial Health
• Examine problems and seek help when necessary

25. Strategies to Enhance Psychosocial Health
• Get Adequate Sleep.
Especially important for
growing children

26. Strategies to enhance Happiness
• Develop gratitude

27. Strategies to enhance Happiness
• Use Capitalization
– The process by which we
focus on the good things
that happen to us and
share those things with
others.

28. Mental Health threats to College Students
• Mood Disorders
– Anxiety
– Depression
– Dysthymia
– Bipolar disorder
– Seasonal affective
disorder

29. Depression
• “common cold of psychological
disturbances.
• Chronic mood disorder: experience of
persistent emotional states such as
sadness, despair, and hopelessness.
• Major depressive disorder: severe
depression that entails chronic mood
disorder, physical effects such as
sleep disturbance and exhaustion,
• lack of appetite
• inability to concentrate.

31. Treating Mood Disorders
• Psychotherapeutic treatment
– Cognitive therapy
– Interpersonal therapy
• Pharmacologic treatment

32. Stress
• The body’s response to a
challenge.
• Response to threats to
equilibrium (homeostasis)
• A reaction to stimulus that
disturbs our physical or mental
equilibrium
• It triggers the flight-or-fight
response (sympathetic)
• Stressor: stimulus that triggers
stress.

33. Two categories of Stress
• EUSTRESS
– Good stress
– Motivates you to
continue working (keeps
you challenged and
productive)
• DISTRESS
– Bad stress
– Happens when good

34. General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
(Hans Selye, 1936)• The predictable way the
body responds to stress
• Aims to restore balance
(equilibrium /
homeostasis)
– ALARM STAGE
– RESISTANCE STAGE
– EXHAUSTION STAGE

35. ALARM STAGE
• The body recognizes
that there’s a threat and
prepares to deal with it
(fight-or-flight)
• Release of stress
chemicals in the body:
Cortisol, adrenaline and
noreadrenaline.

36. RESISTANCE STAGE
• Body shifts to this stage with the source
of stress being possibly resolved.
• Begin to restore balance
• Period of recovery (repair and renewal)
• Hormone levels return to normal but
reduced defence and adaptive energy
left.
• Is stress persists the body adapts by
continuous effort in resistance (thereby
remaining in state of arousal)
• Problems begin to manifest when you
find yourself repeating this process too
often with little or no recovery.

37. EXHAUSTION STAGE
• Stress has continued for
sometime
• Ability to resist is lost
due to adaptation
energy that is gone.
• Stress levels go up and
stay up.
• Adaptation process is

38. Physiologic symptoms of distress
• High blood pressure
• Rapid breathing
• Generalized tension

39. Behavioral symptoms (manifestation
of coping strategies)• Overeating
• Loss of appetite
• Drinking
• Smoking

40. Stress tolerance
• The power to endure
stress

41. Coping with stress
• The trick to coping with stress is not to
expect that you can eliminate it; but rather
to manage the symptoms of stress.

42. Ways to become stress resistant
• Stop feeling guilty
• Be decisive
• Avoid being perfectionist
• Set priorities for yourself
• Stop procrastinating
• Praise yourself
• Live an optimal lifestyle
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