a simple introduction to the cell.

1. Prepared by:
Saman Khidir
THE CELL
BIOLOGY

2. Cell biology is the study of
cell structure and function.

3. • The levels of organization in a multicellular
organism are individual cells, tissue, organs,
and organ systems.
– Cells are an organisms basic unit
– Tissues are a group of cells working together.
Example – muscle tissue
– Organs are a group of tissues working together.
Example – the heart.
– Organ systems are a group of organs working
together. Example – the digestive system.

4. What is the cell?
• the cell is the fundamental unit of life. The cell
is the basic structural, functional, and
biological unit of all known living organisms
and often called the "building blocks of life”.
• Every living things is made up of one cell or
more cells.
• Cells carry out the functions to support life.
• Cells are produced by other cells.

5. • Discovery of cells was possible with the
invention of the microscope.
• In 1665 Robert Hooke was the first to use a
microscope to look at cork cells.
• He called the boxes that he saw cells.

6. • At the same time, Anton van Leeuwenhoek
was the first to look at animals in pond water.
He called these animals “animalcules”.

7. eukaryotic prokaryotic

8. • Prokaryotic cells – Do not have a nucleus.
– They are generally smaller than eukaryotes.
– Bacteria are an example of a prokaryote.

9. Eukaryotic cells- contain a nucleus in which their genetic
material is separated from the rest of the cell.
=Some eukaryotes are unicellular like protists.
=Most eukaryotes are multicellular, plants, animals, fungi.

12. • Has cell membrane
• Lysosome
• can not produce its own
food
• Has cell wall
• Chloroplast
• Can make its own food