2. Introduction
Product of clostridium botulinum
Bacteria and their spores are ubiquitous
Found in soil and marine segments
Spores detected in vegetables, fruits and sea foods
3. Growing bacteria produces neuron toxin, botulinum toxin, the
most poisonous substance
Toxin inhibits the release of acetylcholine
Results in flaccid paralysis
4. Seven serologically distinct types exist
Type A ( Allergan)
Type B (Myobloc)
All seven types are distinct in their molecular weight
Botax is indicated in wrinkles caused by muscular
contraction and not by solar exposure
5.
6. Indications
Frown lines between the eyebrows ( glabellar lines)
Strabismus and blepharospasm associated with dystonia
Cervical dystonia
Transverse forehead lines
7. Lateral canthal wrinkles (crow’s feet)
Medial and lateral brow lifts
Wrinkles on the upper lips
Nasal scrunching and flaring
14. Contraindications
Wrinkles not caused by muscular contractions
Neuromuscular disorders
Hypersensitivity to any ingredient in formulation
Pregnancy or breast feeding
15. Unrealistic expectations
Possible interference with the patients’ work or
daily activities due to changed expressions