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What’s in it for you?
 Virtual Machine vs Docker
 What is Docker?
 Advantages of Docker
 How does Docker work?
 Components of Docker
 Advanced concepts in Docker
 Basic Docker commands
 Demo
Let’s get started
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Docker Engine
Host OS
Infrastructure
App A
Bins/Libs
App C
Bins/Libs
Docker
Container 1
Hypervisor
Host OS
Infrastructure
App A
Bins/Libs
App B
Bins/Libs
Guest OS Guest OS
Virtual Machine
1
Virtual Machine
2
Virtual Machine
3
Bins/LibsBins/Libs
Guest OS
App B
Bins/Libs
Guest OS
Bins/Libs
App B
Bins/Libs
Docker
Container 2
Docker
Container 3
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Major differences are:
Virtual Machine
Memory usage
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Major differences are:
Virtual Machine
Performance
Memory usage
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Major differences are:
Virtual Machine
Portability
Performance
Memory usage
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Major differences are:
Virtual Machine
Boot-up time
Portability
Performance
Memory usage
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Virtual machines
4 GB
3 GB 2 GB
2 GB
1 GB
3 GB
Memory
7 GB
4 GB 4 GB
Occupied memory
Wasted memory
VM - Only 9 GB of memory is used
whereas the remaining 6 GB of
unused memory cannot be reused
App 1 App 2 App 3
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Virtual machines Docker
4 GB
3 GB 2 GB
2 GB
1 GB
3 GB
Memory
7 GB
4 GB 4 GB
4 GB
3 GB 2 GB
2 GB
1 GB
3 GB
7 GB
4 GB
4 GB
Occupied memory
Wasted memory
Docker - Only 9 GB of memory is
used whereas the remaining 6 GB
of memory can be reused for a
new container
VM - Only 9 GB of memory is used
whereas the remaining 6 GB of
unused memory cannot be reused
Memory
Occupied memory
Unused memory
App 1 App 2 App 3 App 1 App 2 App 3
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Virtual machines
VM - Running multiple virtual
machines leads to unstable
performance
Virtual machine
Host OS
Infrastructure
App A
Bins/Libs
Guest OS
App A
Bins/Libs
Guest OS
Virtual machine
Hypervisor
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Virtual machines Docker
Docker - Containers have a better
performance as they are hosted
on a single Docker engine
VM - Running multiple virtual
machines leads to unstable
performance
Docker
Host OS
Infrastructure
App A
Bins/Libs
App B
Bins/Libs
Docker
Container
Virtual machine
Hypervisor
Host OS
Infrastructure
App A
Bins/Libs
Guest OS
App A
Bins/Libs
Guest OS
Virtual machine
Docker
Container
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Virtual machines
VM - Portability issues while
executing applications in different
platforms
Software
Software works
on system A
The same
software doesn’t
work on system B
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Virtual machines Docker
Docker – Multiple software can be
encapsulated in a single container
and can be easily deployed to
different platforms
VM - Portability issues while
executing applications in different
platforms
Software
Software works
on system A
The same
software doesn’t
work on system B
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Virtual machines
VM – Takes long boot-up time
(minutes)
Virtual Machine vs Docker
Virtual machines Docker
Docker – Takes less boot-up time
(milliseconds)
VM – Takes long boot-up time
(minutes)
What is Docker?
What is Docker?
Docker is an OS-level virtualization software platform that enables developers and IT administrators to create, deploy
and run applications in a Docker Container with all their dependencies
Note: Docker Container is a lightweight software package that includes all the dependencies (frameworks, libraries, etc.) required to
execute an application
Docker Engine
Host OS
Infrastructure
App A
Bins/Libs
App C
Bins/Libs
Docker Container
1
App B
Bins/Libs
Docker Container
2
Docker Container
3
What is Docker?
Where is Docker used in DevOps?
Planning Planning TestingBuildingPlanning
Planning
Docker
Container
PlanningDeploymentPlanningTesting PlanningMonitoring
Advantages of Docker
Advantages of Docker
Rapid Deployment
Advantages of Docker
PortabilityRapid Deployment
Advantages of Docker
Better EfficiencyRapid Deployment Portability
Advantages of Docker
Faster
Configuration
Better EfficiencyRapid Deployment Portability
Advantages of Docker
Faster
Configuration
Better EfficiencyRapid Deployment
Scalability
Portability
Advantages of Docker
Faster
Configuration
Better EfficiencyRapid Deployment
Scalability Security
Portability
How does Docker work?
How does Docker work?
Server
Client
Docker CLI
Docker Daemon
REST API
Docker Engine Docker Engine
• Docker engine or Docker is a client server application that
builds and executes containers using Docker components
How does Docker work?
Server
Client
Docker CLI
Docker Daemon
REST API
Docker Engine Docker Engine
• Docker engine or Docker is a client server application that
builds and executes containers using Docker components
• REST API is a primary mode of communication between
Docker Client and Docker Daemon
How does Docker work?
Server
Client
Docker CLI
Docker Daemon
REST API
Docker Engine Docker Engine
• Docker engine or Docker is a client server application that
builds and executes containers using Docker components
• REST API is a primary mode of communication between
Docker Client and Docker Daemon
• Docker toolbox is used for older Windows and Mac systems
with the following features:Docker Toolbox
Docker engine Docker machine
Docker compose Kitematic
How does Docker work?
Server
Client
Docker CLI
Docker Daemon
REST API
Docker Engine Docker Engine
• Docker engine or Docker is a client server application that
builds and executes containers using Docker components
• REST API is a primary mode of communication between
Docker Client and Docker Daemon
• Docker toolbox is used for older Windows and Mac systems
with the following features:Docker Toolbox
Docker engine Docker machine
Docker compose Kitematic
But what are the
components of Docker?
Components of Docker
Components of Docker
Docker Registry
Docker Client and Server
Docker Images
Docker Container
Components of Docker
Docker Client
Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker
• Docker Client consist of the CLI command which is
used to issue commands to the Docker Daemon
Docker Client
Docker Host
Docker Daemon
Docker Registry
ImagesContainer
Container
REST API
Docker Client
Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker
• Docker Client consist of the CLI command which is
used to issue commands to the Docker Daemon
• Docker Client uses REST API to issue commands to
Docker Daemon through scripting or direct CLI
commands
Docker Client
Docker Host
Docker Daemon
Docker Registry
ImagesContainer
Container
REST API
Docker Client
Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker
• Docker Client consist of the CLI command which is
used to issue commands to the Docker Daemon
• Docker Client uses REST API to issue commands to
Docker Daemon through scripting or direct CLI
commands
• For example, when you use a docker pull command,
the client sends this command to daemon, which
performs the operation by interacting with other
components (Image, Container, Registry)
Docker Client
Docker Host
Docker Daemon
Docker Registry
ImagesContainer
Container
REST API
Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker
Docker Client
Docker Host
Docker Daemon
Docker Registry
ImagesContainer
Container
REST API
Docker Daemon (server)
• Docker Daemon is a server which interacts with the
operating system and performs all kind of services
Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker
Docker Client
Docker Host
Docker Daemon
Docker Registry
ImagesContainer
Container
REST API
Docker Daemon (server)
• Docker Daemon is a server which interacts with the
operating system and performs all kind of services
• The Docker Daemon listens for REST API request and
performs the operation
Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker
Docker Client
Docker Host
Docker Daemon
Docker Registry
ImagesContainer
Container
REST API
Docker Daemon (server)
• Docker Daemon is a server which interacts with the
operating system and performs all kind of services
• The Docker Daemon listens for REST API request and
performs the operation
• A command dockerd is used to start a Docker
Daemon
Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker
Docker Client
Docker Host
Docker Daemon
Docker Registry
ImagesContainer
Container
REST API
Docker Daemon (server)
• Docker Daemon is a server which interacts with the
operating system and performs all kind of services
• The Docker Daemon listens for REST API request and
performs the operation
• A command dockerd is used to start a Docker
Daemon
• Docker Host runs the Docker Daemon and Registry
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Client and Server
Docker Image
Docker Registry
Docker Container
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
• A Docker Image is a template of instructions which is
used to create containers
Docker
Container
Docker Image
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
• A Docker Image is a template of instructions which is
used to create containers
• A Docker Image is built using a file called Docker File
Docker File
Docker
Container
Docker Image
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
• A Docker Image is a template of instructions which is
used to create containers
• A Docker Image is built using a file called Docker File
• It is comprised of multiple layers
Layer 1
Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04)
Layer 2
Image layers
(R/O)
Layer 3
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
• A Docker Image is a template of instructions which is
used to create containers
• A Docker Image is built using a file called Docker File
• It is comprised of multiple layers
• By default, Docker Image starts with a base layer
Layer 1
Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04)
Layer 2
Image layers
(R/O)
Layer 3
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
• A Docker Image is a template of instructions which is
used to create containers
• A Docker Image is built using a file called Docker File
• It is comprised of multiple layers
• By default, Docker Image starts with a base layer
• Here, each layer depends on the layer below it
Layer 1
Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04)
Layer 2
Image layers
(R/O)
Layer 3
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
• A Docker Image is a template of instructions which is
used to create containers
• A Docker Image is built using a file called Docker File
• It is comprised of multiple layers
• By default, Docker Image starts with a base layer
• Here, each layer depends on the layer below it
• Image layers are created by executing each command
in the Dockerfile and are in the read-only format
Docker File
Layer 1
Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04)
Layer 2
Image layers
(R/O)
Layer 3
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
Consider an example of Docker Image
consisting of four layers
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
Consider an example of Docker Image
consisting of four layers
FROM ubuntu:18.04
PULL . /file
RUN make /file
CMD python /file/file.py
• FROM - Creates a layer from the ubuntu:18.04
• PULL - Adds files from your Docker repository
• RUN - Builds your container
• CMD - Specifies what command to run within
the container
Image layers
(R/O)
Container layers (R/W)
PULL . /file
FROM Ubuntu 18.04
RUN make /file
CMD python /file/file.py
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
• Whenever a user creates a container, a new layer is
formed on top of the image layers called container layer
Container based on the Ubuntu 18.04 image:
Container 2 Container 3
Container
layers (R/W)
Container
layers (R/W)
Container
layers (R/W)
Container 1
Layer 1
Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04)
Layer 2
Image layers
(R/O)
Layer 3
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
• Whenever a user creates a container, a new layer is
formed on top of the image layers called container layer
• Every container has a separate (R/W) container layer
and any modification in a container is reflected upon the
container layer alone
Container based on the Ubuntu 18.04 image:
Container 2 Container 3
Container
layers (R/W)
Container
layers (R/W)
Container
layers (R/W)
Container 1
Layer 1
Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04)
Layer 2
Image layers
(R/O)
Layer 3
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
• Whenever a user creates a container, a new layer is
formed on top of the image layers called container layer
• Every container has a separate (R/W) container layer
and any modification in a container is reflected upon the
container layer alone
• When a container is deleted, the top layer also gets
deleted
Container based on the Ubuntu 18.04 image:
Container 2 Container 3
Container
layers (R/W)
Container
layers (R/W)
Container
layers (R/W)
Container 1
Layer 1
Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04)
Layer 2
Image layers
(R/O)
Layer 3
Docker Image
What should be done when there is a change
in image layer?
???
Images
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
What should be done when there is a change
in image layer?
• Users can add a new layer to the base image
• But, users cannot modify any of the existing image
layers
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image - Components of Docker
DID YOU KNOW?
• Base layers are in the read only format
• The layers can be combined in a union file system to create a single image
• Union file system saves memory space by avoiding duplicating of files
• This allows a file system to appear as writable (but without modifying the file) which is
known as copy-on-write
???
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
• Docker uses a copy-on-write strategy with both Docker
Images and Docker Containers
Images
Container
Container
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
• Docker uses a copy-on-write strategy with both Docker
Images and Docker Containers
• CoW is a strategy to share and copy files for better
efficiency Files Files
Paste
Docker Image - Components of Docker
Docker Image
• Docker uses a copy-on-write strategy with both Docker
Images and Docker Containers
• CoW is a strategy to share and copy files for better
efficiency
• CoW strategy makes Docker efficient by reducing the
usage of disk space and increasing the performance of
container
Better Efficiency
Docker Client and Server
Docker Images
Docker Registry
Docker Container
Docker Registry - Components of Docker
Docker Registry
• Docker Registry is a service to host and distribute
Docker Images among users
• Docker has its own cloud based Registry called Docker
Hub where users store and distribute container images
Docker Registry
Registry
Repository
Tag name
6789sfdd…
Docker Registry - Components of Docker
Docker Registry - Components of Docker
Docker Registry
Docker Registry
Registry
Repository
Tag name
6789sfdd…
• Docker Registry is a service to host and distribute
Docker Images among users
• Repository is a collection of Docker Images
Docker Registry - Components of Docker
Docker Registry
Docker Registry
Registry
Repository
Tag name
Note: A tag is a alphanumeric identifier attached to an image
6789sfdd…
• Docker Registry is a service to host and distribute
Docker Images among users
• Repository is a collection of Docker Images
• In Registry, a user can distinguish between Docker
Images with their tag names
Docker Registry - Components of Docker
Docker Registry
• Docker Registry is a service to host and distribute
Docker Images among users
• Repository is a collection of Docker Images
• In Registry, a user can distinguish between Docker
Images with their tag names
• Docker has its own cloud based Registry called Docker
Hub where users store and distribute container images
Docker Registry Docker Hub
Docker Registry - Components of Docker
Docker Registry
• Docker Registry has public and private repositories
Docker Registry
Public
Repository
Private
Docker Registry - Components of Docker
Docker Registry
• Docker Registry has public and private repositories
• In Registry, push and pull commands are used to interact
with the Docker Images
Docker Registry
Push
Pull
Docker Registry - Components of Docker
Docker Registry
• Docker Registry has public and private repositories
• In Registry, push and pull commands are used to interact
with the Docker Images
• Pull command – It pulls (retrieves) a Docker Image from
the Docker Registry
Docker Registry
Push
Pull
Docker Registry - Components of Docker
Docker Registry
• Docker Registry has public and private repositories
• In Registry, push and pull commands are used to interact
with the Docker Images
• Pull command – It pulls (retrieves) a Docker Image from
the Docker Registry
• Push command – It pushes (stores) a Docker Image in
Docker Registry
Docker Registry
Push
Pull
Docker Registry - Components of Docker
DID YOU KNOW?
In Docker Registry, deleting a repository is not a reversible action
Docker Container - Components of Docker
Docker Client and Server
Docker Images
Docker Registry
Docker Container
Docker Container
• Docker Container is an executable package of
application and its dependencies together
Docker Container - Components of Docker
Application Dependencies+ =
Docker Container
Docker Container
• Docker Container is an executable package of
application and its dependencies together
• Since it’s light-weight, it can be easily deployed and
executed on other computer environments regardless
of their host OS/ configurations
Docker Container - Components of Docker
portable
Lightweight
Docker Container
• Docker Container is an executable package of
application and its dependencies together
• Since it’s light-weight, it can be easily deployed and
executed on other computer environments regardless
of their host OS/ configurations
• Docker Containers run applications in isolation and
also share the OS kernel with other containers
Application runs in isolation
Docker Container - Components of Docker
Docker Container
• Here, data volumes can be shared and reused among
multiple containers
4 GB
3 GB 2 GB
2 GB
1 GB
3 GB
7 GB
4 GB
4 GB
Memory
Occupied memory
Reused memory
Docker Container - Components of Docker
App 1 App 2 App 3
Docker Container
• Here, data volumes can be shared and reused among
multiple containers
• It is built using Docker Images
Docker Images
Docker Container - Components of Docker
Docker Container
• Here, data volumes can be shared and reused among
multiple containers
• It is built using Docker Images
• Docker run command builds a container
Docker
Container
Docker Image
Docker Container - Components of Docker
Docker Container
Consider a basic example of Docker
run command for starting a
single redis container
$ Docker run redis
Docker Container - Components of Docker
Docker Container
Consider a basic example of Docker
run command for starting a
single redis container
$ Docker run redis
Suppose a user runs $ Docker run redis
command, the following happens:
Docker Container - Components of Docker
Docker Container
Consider a basic example of Docker
run command for starting a
single redis container
$ Docker run redis
Suppose a user runs $ Docker run redis
command, the following happens:
• In case you don’t have a Docker Image
locally, the Docker pulls the image from your
Registry
Docker Container - Components of Docker
Docker Container
Consider a basic example of Docker
run command for starting a
single redis container
$ Docker run redis
Suppose a user runs $ Docker run redis
command, the following happens:
• In case you don’t have a Docker Image
locally, the Docker pulls the image from your
Registry
• Now, Docker creates a new container redis
from the existing Docker Image
Docker Container - Components of Docker
Docker Container
Consider a basic example of Docker
run command for starting a
single redis container
$ Docker run redis
Suppose a user runs $ Docker run redis
command, the following happens:
• In case you don’t have a Docker Image
locally, the Docker pulls the image from your
Registry
• Now, Docker creates a new container redis
from the existing Docker Image
• Docker creates a container layer of read-
write filesystem
Read-only
Docker Container - Components of Docker
Docker Container
How are containers lightweight?
???
Docker Container - Components of Docker
Docker Container
How are containers lightweight?
???
Docker Containers are lightweight
because they do not require an extra
layer of a hypervisor and run directly
on the host operating system
Docker Container - Components of Docker
Advanced concepts in Docker
Advanced concepts in Docker
Docker Compose
Docker Swarm
Docker Compose
Docker Compose
• Docker Compose is used for running multiple containers
as a single service
{Containers Docker
Compose file
Docker Compose
Docker Compose
• Docker Compose is used for running multiple containers
as a single service
• Here, each container runs in isolation but can interact
with each other
{Containers Docker
Compose file
Docker Compose
Docker Compose
• Docker Compose is used for running multiple containers
as a single service
• Here, each container runs in isolation but can interact
with each other
• All Docker Compose files are YAML files
Docker
Compose file
YAML format
Docker Compose
Docker Compose
For example:
If you have an application which requires Apache server and
MySQL database, you could create one Docker Compose
file which can run both containers as a service without the
need to start each one separately
{Containers Docker
Compose file
Docker Swarm
Docker Compose
Docker Swarm
Docker Swarm
Docker Swarm
Docker Swarm
• Docker Swarm is a service for containers which allows IT
administrators and developers to create and manage a
cluster of swarm nodes within the Docker platform Node 1
Node 3
Node 3
Node 4
Node 5
Node 6
Note: A swarm node is an individual Docker Engine participating in the swarm
Docker Swarm
Docker Swarm
Docker Swarm
• Docker Swarm is a service for containers which allows IT
administrators and developers to create and manage a
cluster of swarm nodes within the Docker platform
• Each node of Docker Swarm is a Docker Daemon and all
Docker Daemons interact using the Docker API
Node 1
Node 3
Node 3
Node 4
Node 5
Node 6
Docker Swarm
Docker Swarm
A swarm consists of two types of nodes:
Manager node and worker node
Node 03
Worker
Node 01
Worker nodes receive and
execute tasks from
manager node
Manager node maintains
cluster management
tasks
Manager Node
Container
Container Container
Container Container
Container
Worker
Node 02
Worker
Node 03
Basic Docker commands
Basic Docker commands
Install Docker on your system
yum install Docker
Basic Docker commands
Install Docker on your system
yum install Docker
Start the Docker Daemon
systemctl start Docker
Basic Docker commands
Install Docker on your system
yum install Docker
Start the Docker Daemon
systemctl start Docker
Command to remove Docker Image
Docker rmi ImageID
Basic Docker commands
Install Docker on your system
yum install Docker
Start the Docker Daemon
systemctl start Docker
Command to remove Docker Image
Docker rmi ImageID
Command to download an image Docker
pull image_name
Basic Docker commands
Install Docker on your system
yum install Docker
Start the Docker Daemon
systemctl start Docker
Command to remove Docker Image
Docker rmi ImageID
Command to download an image Docker
pull image_name
Command to run an image
Docker run <image-id>
Basic Docker commands
Install Docker on your system
yum install Docker
Start the Docker Daemon
systemctl start Docker
Command to remove Docker Image
Docker rmi ImageID
Command to download an image Docker
pull image_name
Command to run an image
Docker run <image-id>
Command to pull a Docker Image from a
Docker hub
Docker pull <image-name:tag>
Basic Docker commands
Install Docker on your system
yum install Docker
Start the Docker Daemon
systemctl start Docker
Command to remove Docker Image
Docker rmi ImageID
Command to download an image Docker
pull image_name
Command to run an image
Docker run <image-id>
Command to pull a Docker Image from a
Docker hub
Docker pull <image-name:tag>
Command to build an image from a Dockerfile
Docker build –t[image name]:tag
Basic Docker commands
Install Docker on your system
yum install Docker
Start the Docker Daemon
systemctl start Docker
Command to remove Docker Image
Docker rmi ImageID
Command to download an image Docker
pull image_name
Command to run an image
Docker run <image-id>
Command to pull a Docker Image from a
Docker hub
Docker pull <image-name:tag>
Command to build an image from a Dockerfile
Docker build –t[image name]:tag
Command to shut down the container Docker
stop container_ID
Basic Docker commands
Install Docker on your system
yum install Docker
Start the Docker Daemon
systemctl start Docker
Command to remove Docker Image
Docker rmi ImageID
Command to download an image Docker
pull image_name
Command to run an image
Docker run <image-id>
Command to pull a Docker Image from a
Docker hub
Docker pull <image-name:tag>
Command to build an image from a Dockerfile
Docker build –t[image name]:tag
Command to shut down the container Docker
stop container_ID
Command to access a running container
Docker exec it container_ID bash
Demo
Other fields that use Blockchain
Blockchain has been used in other industries as well. Some examples of this are:
To ease the verification
of documents
To stop music piracy and to
compensate artists for
purchased songs
Data integrity can be
guaranteed. There cannot
be a single point of failure
Verification of identity of
employee, history, etc.
Payment and benefit
process validation
Travel Music Cybersecurity Human Resources

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Docker Tutorial For Beginners | What Is Docker And How It Works? | Docker Tutorial | Simplilearn

  • 1.
  • 2. What’s in it for you?  Virtual Machine vs Docker  What is Docker?  Advantages of Docker  How does Docker work?  Components of Docker  Advanced concepts in Docker  Basic Docker commands  Demo Let’s get started
  • 4. Virtual Machine vs Docker Docker Engine Host OS Infrastructure App A Bins/Libs App C Bins/Libs Docker Container 1 Hypervisor Host OS Infrastructure App A Bins/Libs App B Bins/Libs Guest OS Guest OS Virtual Machine 1 Virtual Machine 2 Virtual Machine 3 Bins/LibsBins/Libs Guest OS App B Bins/Libs Guest OS Bins/Libs App B Bins/Libs Docker Container 2 Docker Container 3
  • 5. Virtual Machine vs Docker Major differences are: Virtual Machine Memory usage
  • 6. Virtual Machine vs Docker Major differences are: Virtual Machine Performance Memory usage
  • 7. Virtual Machine vs Docker Major differences are: Virtual Machine Portability Performance Memory usage
  • 8. Virtual Machine vs Docker Major differences are: Virtual Machine Boot-up time Portability Performance Memory usage
  • 9. Virtual Machine vs Docker Virtual machines 4 GB 3 GB 2 GB 2 GB 1 GB 3 GB Memory 7 GB 4 GB 4 GB Occupied memory Wasted memory VM - Only 9 GB of memory is used whereas the remaining 6 GB of unused memory cannot be reused App 1 App 2 App 3
  • 10. Virtual Machine vs Docker Virtual machines Docker 4 GB 3 GB 2 GB 2 GB 1 GB 3 GB Memory 7 GB 4 GB 4 GB 4 GB 3 GB 2 GB 2 GB 1 GB 3 GB 7 GB 4 GB 4 GB Occupied memory Wasted memory Docker - Only 9 GB of memory is used whereas the remaining 6 GB of memory can be reused for a new container VM - Only 9 GB of memory is used whereas the remaining 6 GB of unused memory cannot be reused Memory Occupied memory Unused memory App 1 App 2 App 3 App 1 App 2 App 3
  • 11. Virtual Machine vs Docker Virtual machines VM - Running multiple virtual machines leads to unstable performance Virtual machine Host OS Infrastructure App A Bins/Libs Guest OS App A Bins/Libs Guest OS Virtual machine Hypervisor
  • 12. Virtual Machine vs Docker Virtual machines Docker Docker - Containers have a better performance as they are hosted on a single Docker engine VM - Running multiple virtual machines leads to unstable performance Docker Host OS Infrastructure App A Bins/Libs App B Bins/Libs Docker Container Virtual machine Hypervisor Host OS Infrastructure App A Bins/Libs Guest OS App A Bins/Libs Guest OS Virtual machine Docker Container
  • 13. Virtual Machine vs Docker Virtual machines VM - Portability issues while executing applications in different platforms Software Software works on system A The same software doesn’t work on system B
  • 14. Virtual Machine vs Docker Virtual machines Docker Docker – Multiple software can be encapsulated in a single container and can be easily deployed to different platforms VM - Portability issues while executing applications in different platforms Software Software works on system A The same software doesn’t work on system B
  • 15. Virtual Machine vs Docker Virtual machines VM – Takes long boot-up time (minutes)
  • 16. Virtual Machine vs Docker Virtual machines Docker Docker – Takes less boot-up time (milliseconds) VM – Takes long boot-up time (minutes)
  • 18. What is Docker? Docker is an OS-level virtualization software platform that enables developers and IT administrators to create, deploy and run applications in a Docker Container with all their dependencies Note: Docker Container is a lightweight software package that includes all the dependencies (frameworks, libraries, etc.) required to execute an application Docker Engine Host OS Infrastructure App A Bins/Libs App C Bins/Libs Docker Container 1 App B Bins/Libs Docker Container 2 Docker Container 3
  • 19. What is Docker? Where is Docker used in DevOps? Planning Planning TestingBuildingPlanning Planning Docker Container PlanningDeploymentPlanningTesting PlanningMonitoring
  • 23. Advantages of Docker Better EfficiencyRapid Deployment Portability
  • 24. Advantages of Docker Faster Configuration Better EfficiencyRapid Deployment Portability
  • 25. Advantages of Docker Faster Configuration Better EfficiencyRapid Deployment Scalability Portability
  • 26. Advantages of Docker Faster Configuration Better EfficiencyRapid Deployment Scalability Security Portability
  • 28. How does Docker work? Server Client Docker CLI Docker Daemon REST API Docker Engine Docker Engine • Docker engine or Docker is a client server application that builds and executes containers using Docker components
  • 29. How does Docker work? Server Client Docker CLI Docker Daemon REST API Docker Engine Docker Engine • Docker engine or Docker is a client server application that builds and executes containers using Docker components • REST API is a primary mode of communication between Docker Client and Docker Daemon
  • 30. How does Docker work? Server Client Docker CLI Docker Daemon REST API Docker Engine Docker Engine • Docker engine or Docker is a client server application that builds and executes containers using Docker components • REST API is a primary mode of communication between Docker Client and Docker Daemon • Docker toolbox is used for older Windows and Mac systems with the following features:Docker Toolbox Docker engine Docker machine Docker compose Kitematic
  • 31. How does Docker work? Server Client Docker CLI Docker Daemon REST API Docker Engine Docker Engine • Docker engine or Docker is a client server application that builds and executes containers using Docker components • REST API is a primary mode of communication between Docker Client and Docker Daemon • Docker toolbox is used for older Windows and Mac systems with the following features:Docker Toolbox Docker engine Docker machine Docker compose Kitematic But what are the components of Docker?
  • 33. Components of Docker Docker Registry Docker Client and Server Docker Images Docker Container Components of Docker
  • 34. Docker Client Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker • Docker Client consist of the CLI command which is used to issue commands to the Docker Daemon Docker Client Docker Host Docker Daemon Docker Registry ImagesContainer Container REST API
  • 35. Docker Client Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker • Docker Client consist of the CLI command which is used to issue commands to the Docker Daemon • Docker Client uses REST API to issue commands to Docker Daemon through scripting or direct CLI commands Docker Client Docker Host Docker Daemon Docker Registry ImagesContainer Container REST API
  • 36. Docker Client Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker • Docker Client consist of the CLI command which is used to issue commands to the Docker Daemon • Docker Client uses REST API to issue commands to Docker Daemon through scripting or direct CLI commands • For example, when you use a docker pull command, the client sends this command to daemon, which performs the operation by interacting with other components (Image, Container, Registry) Docker Client Docker Host Docker Daemon Docker Registry ImagesContainer Container REST API
  • 37. Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker Docker Client Docker Host Docker Daemon Docker Registry ImagesContainer Container REST API Docker Daemon (server) • Docker Daemon is a server which interacts with the operating system and performs all kind of services
  • 38. Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker Docker Client Docker Host Docker Daemon Docker Registry ImagesContainer Container REST API Docker Daemon (server) • Docker Daemon is a server which interacts with the operating system and performs all kind of services • The Docker Daemon listens for REST API request and performs the operation
  • 39. Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker Docker Client Docker Host Docker Daemon Docker Registry ImagesContainer Container REST API Docker Daemon (server) • Docker Daemon is a server which interacts with the operating system and performs all kind of services • The Docker Daemon listens for REST API request and performs the operation • A command dockerd is used to start a Docker Daemon
  • 40. Docker Client and Server - Components of Docker Docker Client Docker Host Docker Daemon Docker Registry ImagesContainer Container REST API Docker Daemon (server) • Docker Daemon is a server which interacts with the operating system and performs all kind of services • The Docker Daemon listens for REST API request and performs the operation • A command dockerd is used to start a Docker Daemon • Docker Host runs the Docker Daemon and Registry
  • 41. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Client and Server Docker Image Docker Registry Docker Container
  • 42. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image • A Docker Image is a template of instructions which is used to create containers Docker Container Docker Image
  • 43. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image • A Docker Image is a template of instructions which is used to create containers • A Docker Image is built using a file called Docker File Docker File Docker Container Docker Image
  • 44. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image • A Docker Image is a template of instructions which is used to create containers • A Docker Image is built using a file called Docker File • It is comprised of multiple layers Layer 1 Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04) Layer 2 Image layers (R/O) Layer 3
  • 45. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image • A Docker Image is a template of instructions which is used to create containers • A Docker Image is built using a file called Docker File • It is comprised of multiple layers • By default, Docker Image starts with a base layer Layer 1 Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04) Layer 2 Image layers (R/O) Layer 3
  • 46. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image • A Docker Image is a template of instructions which is used to create containers • A Docker Image is built using a file called Docker File • It is comprised of multiple layers • By default, Docker Image starts with a base layer • Here, each layer depends on the layer below it Layer 1 Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04) Layer 2 Image layers (R/O) Layer 3
  • 47. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image • A Docker Image is a template of instructions which is used to create containers • A Docker Image is built using a file called Docker File • It is comprised of multiple layers • By default, Docker Image starts with a base layer • Here, each layer depends on the layer below it • Image layers are created by executing each command in the Dockerfile and are in the read-only format Docker File Layer 1 Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04) Layer 2 Image layers (R/O) Layer 3
  • 48. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image Consider an example of Docker Image consisting of four layers
  • 49. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image Consider an example of Docker Image consisting of four layers FROM ubuntu:18.04 PULL . /file RUN make /file CMD python /file/file.py • FROM - Creates a layer from the ubuntu:18.04 • PULL - Adds files from your Docker repository • RUN - Builds your container • CMD - Specifies what command to run within the container Image layers (R/O) Container layers (R/W) PULL . /file FROM Ubuntu 18.04 RUN make /file CMD python /file/file.py
  • 50. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image • Whenever a user creates a container, a new layer is formed on top of the image layers called container layer Container based on the Ubuntu 18.04 image: Container 2 Container 3 Container layers (R/W) Container layers (R/W) Container layers (R/W) Container 1 Layer 1 Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04) Layer 2 Image layers (R/O) Layer 3
  • 51. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image • Whenever a user creates a container, a new layer is formed on top of the image layers called container layer • Every container has a separate (R/W) container layer and any modification in a container is reflected upon the container layer alone Container based on the Ubuntu 18.04 image: Container 2 Container 3 Container layers (R/W) Container layers (R/W) Container layers (R/W) Container 1 Layer 1 Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04) Layer 2 Image layers (R/O) Layer 3
  • 52. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image • Whenever a user creates a container, a new layer is formed on top of the image layers called container layer • Every container has a separate (R/W) container layer and any modification in a container is reflected upon the container layer alone • When a container is deleted, the top layer also gets deleted Container based on the Ubuntu 18.04 image: Container 2 Container 3 Container layers (R/W) Container layers (R/W) Container layers (R/W) Container 1 Layer 1 Base image layer (Ubuntu 18.04) Layer 2 Image layers (R/O) Layer 3
  • 53. Docker Image What should be done when there is a change in image layer? ??? Images Docker Image - Components of Docker
  • 54. Docker Image What should be done when there is a change in image layer? • Users can add a new layer to the base image • But, users cannot modify any of the existing image layers Docker Image - Components of Docker
  • 55. Docker Image - Components of Docker DID YOU KNOW? • Base layers are in the read only format • The layers can be combined in a union file system to create a single image • Union file system saves memory space by avoiding duplicating of files • This allows a file system to appear as writable (but without modifying the file) which is known as copy-on-write ???
  • 56. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image • Docker uses a copy-on-write strategy with both Docker Images and Docker Containers Images Container Container
  • 57. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image • Docker uses a copy-on-write strategy with both Docker Images and Docker Containers • CoW is a strategy to share and copy files for better efficiency Files Files Paste
  • 58. Docker Image - Components of Docker Docker Image • Docker uses a copy-on-write strategy with both Docker Images and Docker Containers • CoW is a strategy to share and copy files for better efficiency • CoW strategy makes Docker efficient by reducing the usage of disk space and increasing the performance of container Better Efficiency
  • 59. Docker Client and Server Docker Images Docker Registry Docker Container Docker Registry - Components of Docker
  • 60. Docker Registry • Docker Registry is a service to host and distribute Docker Images among users • Docker has its own cloud based Registry called Docker Hub where users store and distribute container images Docker Registry Registry Repository Tag name 6789sfdd… Docker Registry - Components of Docker
  • 61. Docker Registry - Components of Docker Docker Registry Docker Registry Registry Repository Tag name 6789sfdd… • Docker Registry is a service to host and distribute Docker Images among users • Repository is a collection of Docker Images
  • 62. Docker Registry - Components of Docker Docker Registry Docker Registry Registry Repository Tag name Note: A tag is a alphanumeric identifier attached to an image 6789sfdd… • Docker Registry is a service to host and distribute Docker Images among users • Repository is a collection of Docker Images • In Registry, a user can distinguish between Docker Images with their tag names
  • 63. Docker Registry - Components of Docker Docker Registry • Docker Registry is a service to host and distribute Docker Images among users • Repository is a collection of Docker Images • In Registry, a user can distinguish between Docker Images with their tag names • Docker has its own cloud based Registry called Docker Hub where users store and distribute container images Docker Registry Docker Hub
  • 64. Docker Registry - Components of Docker Docker Registry • Docker Registry has public and private repositories Docker Registry Public Repository Private
  • 65. Docker Registry - Components of Docker Docker Registry • Docker Registry has public and private repositories • In Registry, push and pull commands are used to interact with the Docker Images Docker Registry Push Pull
  • 66. Docker Registry - Components of Docker Docker Registry • Docker Registry has public and private repositories • In Registry, push and pull commands are used to interact with the Docker Images • Pull command – It pulls (retrieves) a Docker Image from the Docker Registry Docker Registry Push Pull
  • 67. Docker Registry - Components of Docker Docker Registry • Docker Registry has public and private repositories • In Registry, push and pull commands are used to interact with the Docker Images • Pull command – It pulls (retrieves) a Docker Image from the Docker Registry • Push command – It pushes (stores) a Docker Image in Docker Registry Docker Registry Push Pull
  • 68. Docker Registry - Components of Docker DID YOU KNOW? In Docker Registry, deleting a repository is not a reversible action
  • 69. Docker Container - Components of Docker Docker Client and Server Docker Images Docker Registry Docker Container
  • 70. Docker Container • Docker Container is an executable package of application and its dependencies together Docker Container - Components of Docker Application Dependencies+ = Docker Container
  • 71. Docker Container • Docker Container is an executable package of application and its dependencies together • Since it’s light-weight, it can be easily deployed and executed on other computer environments regardless of their host OS/ configurations Docker Container - Components of Docker portable Lightweight
  • 72. Docker Container • Docker Container is an executable package of application and its dependencies together • Since it’s light-weight, it can be easily deployed and executed on other computer environments regardless of their host OS/ configurations • Docker Containers run applications in isolation and also share the OS kernel with other containers Application runs in isolation Docker Container - Components of Docker
  • 73. Docker Container • Here, data volumes can be shared and reused among multiple containers 4 GB 3 GB 2 GB 2 GB 1 GB 3 GB 7 GB 4 GB 4 GB Memory Occupied memory Reused memory Docker Container - Components of Docker App 1 App 2 App 3
  • 74. Docker Container • Here, data volumes can be shared and reused among multiple containers • It is built using Docker Images Docker Images Docker Container - Components of Docker
  • 75. Docker Container • Here, data volumes can be shared and reused among multiple containers • It is built using Docker Images • Docker run command builds a container Docker Container Docker Image Docker Container - Components of Docker
  • 76. Docker Container Consider a basic example of Docker run command for starting a single redis container $ Docker run redis Docker Container - Components of Docker
  • 77. Docker Container Consider a basic example of Docker run command for starting a single redis container $ Docker run redis Suppose a user runs $ Docker run redis command, the following happens: Docker Container - Components of Docker
  • 78. Docker Container Consider a basic example of Docker run command for starting a single redis container $ Docker run redis Suppose a user runs $ Docker run redis command, the following happens: • In case you don’t have a Docker Image locally, the Docker pulls the image from your Registry Docker Container - Components of Docker
  • 79. Docker Container Consider a basic example of Docker run command for starting a single redis container $ Docker run redis Suppose a user runs $ Docker run redis command, the following happens: • In case you don’t have a Docker Image locally, the Docker pulls the image from your Registry • Now, Docker creates a new container redis from the existing Docker Image Docker Container - Components of Docker
  • 80. Docker Container Consider a basic example of Docker run command for starting a single redis container $ Docker run redis Suppose a user runs $ Docker run redis command, the following happens: • In case you don’t have a Docker Image locally, the Docker pulls the image from your Registry • Now, Docker creates a new container redis from the existing Docker Image • Docker creates a container layer of read- write filesystem Read-only Docker Container - Components of Docker
  • 81. Docker Container How are containers lightweight? ??? Docker Container - Components of Docker
  • 82. Docker Container How are containers lightweight? ??? Docker Containers are lightweight because they do not require an extra layer of a hypervisor and run directly on the host operating system Docker Container - Components of Docker
  • 84. Advanced concepts in Docker Docker Compose Docker Swarm
  • 85. Docker Compose Docker Compose • Docker Compose is used for running multiple containers as a single service {Containers Docker Compose file
  • 86. Docker Compose Docker Compose • Docker Compose is used for running multiple containers as a single service • Here, each container runs in isolation but can interact with each other {Containers Docker Compose file
  • 87. Docker Compose Docker Compose • Docker Compose is used for running multiple containers as a single service • Here, each container runs in isolation but can interact with each other • All Docker Compose files are YAML files Docker Compose file YAML format
  • 88. Docker Compose Docker Compose For example: If you have an application which requires Apache server and MySQL database, you could create one Docker Compose file which can run both containers as a service without the need to start each one separately {Containers Docker Compose file
  • 90. Docker Swarm Docker Swarm Docker Swarm • Docker Swarm is a service for containers which allows IT administrators and developers to create and manage a cluster of swarm nodes within the Docker platform Node 1 Node 3 Node 3 Node 4 Node 5 Node 6 Note: A swarm node is an individual Docker Engine participating in the swarm
  • 91. Docker Swarm Docker Swarm Docker Swarm • Docker Swarm is a service for containers which allows IT administrators and developers to create and manage a cluster of swarm nodes within the Docker platform • Each node of Docker Swarm is a Docker Daemon and all Docker Daemons interact using the Docker API Node 1 Node 3 Node 3 Node 4 Node 5 Node 6
  • 92. Docker Swarm Docker Swarm A swarm consists of two types of nodes: Manager node and worker node Node 03 Worker Node 01 Worker nodes receive and execute tasks from manager node Manager node maintains cluster management tasks Manager Node Container Container Container Container Container Container Worker Node 02 Worker Node 03
  • 94. Basic Docker commands Install Docker on your system yum install Docker
  • 95. Basic Docker commands Install Docker on your system yum install Docker Start the Docker Daemon systemctl start Docker
  • 96. Basic Docker commands Install Docker on your system yum install Docker Start the Docker Daemon systemctl start Docker Command to remove Docker Image Docker rmi ImageID
  • 97. Basic Docker commands Install Docker on your system yum install Docker Start the Docker Daemon systemctl start Docker Command to remove Docker Image Docker rmi ImageID Command to download an image Docker pull image_name
  • 98. Basic Docker commands Install Docker on your system yum install Docker Start the Docker Daemon systemctl start Docker Command to remove Docker Image Docker rmi ImageID Command to download an image Docker pull image_name Command to run an image Docker run <image-id>
  • 99. Basic Docker commands Install Docker on your system yum install Docker Start the Docker Daemon systemctl start Docker Command to remove Docker Image Docker rmi ImageID Command to download an image Docker pull image_name Command to run an image Docker run <image-id> Command to pull a Docker Image from a Docker hub Docker pull <image-name:tag>
  • 100. Basic Docker commands Install Docker on your system yum install Docker Start the Docker Daemon systemctl start Docker Command to remove Docker Image Docker rmi ImageID Command to download an image Docker pull image_name Command to run an image Docker run <image-id> Command to pull a Docker Image from a Docker hub Docker pull <image-name:tag> Command to build an image from a Dockerfile Docker build –t[image name]:tag
  • 101. Basic Docker commands Install Docker on your system yum install Docker Start the Docker Daemon systemctl start Docker Command to remove Docker Image Docker rmi ImageID Command to download an image Docker pull image_name Command to run an image Docker run <image-id> Command to pull a Docker Image from a Docker hub Docker pull <image-name:tag> Command to build an image from a Dockerfile Docker build –t[image name]:tag Command to shut down the container Docker stop container_ID
  • 102. Basic Docker commands Install Docker on your system yum install Docker Start the Docker Daemon systemctl start Docker Command to remove Docker Image Docker rmi ImageID Command to download an image Docker pull image_name Command to run an image Docker run <image-id> Command to pull a Docker Image from a Docker hub Docker pull <image-name:tag> Command to build an image from a Dockerfile Docker build –t[image name]:tag Command to shut down the container Docker stop container_ID Command to access a running container Docker exec it container_ID bash
  • 103. Demo
  • 104. Other fields that use Blockchain Blockchain has been used in other industries as well. Some examples of this are: To ease the verification of documents To stop music piracy and to compensate artists for purchased songs Data integrity can be guaranteed. There cannot be a single point of failure Verification of identity of employee, history, etc. Payment and benefit process validation Travel Music Cybersecurity Human Resources

Editor's Notes

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  10. Software in one container can be deployed in other container
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  23. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  24. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  25. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  26. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  27. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  28. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  29. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  30. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  31. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  32. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  33. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  34. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
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  52. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  53. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  54. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  55. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  56. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  57. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  58. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  59. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  60. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
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  62. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  63. Since the application and its dependencies are packaged together, there is no external dependency for the app to run. This means, the container is very light-weight.
  64. Since the application and its dependencies are packaged together, there is no external dependency for the app to run. This means, the container is very light-weight.
  65. Since the application and its dependencies are packaged together, there is no external dependency for the app to run. This means, the container is very light-weight.
  66. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  67. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  68. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
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  76. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  77. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  78. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  79. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  80. Note: A user can run these two containers with a single command
  81. Kitematic automates the Docker installation and setup process and provides graphical user interface (GUI) for running Docker Containers. 
  82. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  83. Data volumes is the concept of sharing data between containers
  84. Docker Swarm can have one or more manager nodes These manager will have a leader node
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