1. J.C.S COMPUTER
rock_siraj@ymail,com Siraj sir
INTERNET
bUVjusV gtkjksa yk[kksa Lora= usVodksaZ dk ,slk la;qDr usVodZ gS ftlesa izR;sd usVodZ ,d ,sls ek/;e ls tqM+k gksrk
gS] ftldh lgk;rk ls ;g vU; usVodZ ls lwpukvksa dk vknku iznku djrk gSA bldk lapkyu fdlh ,d laxBu
}kjk ugh fd;k tkrk blesa vusd laxBu ;g lqfo/kk nsrs gSA
;g fo'o O;kfi dEI;wVj usVodZ dk tky gS ftldk fgLlk cudj ge bl bUVjusV ds ek/;e ls nqfu;k ds vU;
fdlh Hkh dksus ls lwpukvksa dk vknku iznku dj ldrs gSA
ubZ fnYyh fLFkr us'kuy buQksjes'ku lsUVj ¼NIC½ Hkkjr esa bUVjusV dusD'ku iz;ksx djus okyk izFke laLFkku FkkA
Hkkjr ljdkj ds miØe VSNL fons'k lapkj fuxe fyfeVsM us 15 vxLr 1995 esa O;olkf;d :i ls izFke
bUVjusV lsok iznku dhA
izksVksdkWy & bUVjusV ij lwpukvksa ,oa vkadM+ks ds vknku&iznku dk ,d flLVe gS ftls izksVksdkWYk dgk tkrk gSA
orZeku esa ¼TCP=Transmission Control Protocol½ ,oa ¼IP = Internet Protocol½ izpfyr izksVksdksy gSA
bUVjusV ls tqM+s izR;sd dEI;wVj dk ,d Mksesu use gksrk gS tSls www.yahoo.com ;g okLro esa
dEI;wVj dk ,Mªsl gksrk gSA ftlds ek/;e ls ml dEI;wVj ls tqM+k tk ldrk gSA bls DNS ;kfu ¼Domain
Name System½ dgrs gSA ;g nks Hkkxksa esa foHkDr gksrk gS] bu nksuks Hkkxks dks vyx&vyx djus ds fy, fcUnq ¼ +½
dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
IP Address eq[;r% rhu izdkj ds gksrs gS ftUgs Class A, Class B rFkk Class C esa ckaVk tkrk gSA IP
Address la[;kvksa esa gksrk gSA ftls ISP iznku djrs gSA bu la[;kvksa dks ;kn j[kus esa ijs'kkuh gksrh gS blfy,
Mksesu use fn;k tkrk gSA tc ge Mksesu use Vkbi djrs gS rks ISP loZj bls IP Address esa ifjofrZr dj nsrk
gSA IP Address esa 0 ls 255 rd dh dksbZ Hkh la[;k gks ldrh gSA tSls & 196-6-201-10 vkfnA
ISP (Internet Service Providers)
1- VSNL - fons'k lapkj fuxe fyfeVsM
2- BSNL - Hkkjr lapkj fuxe fyfeVsM
3- Satyam Online
4- DATA INFOSYS
DNS ,d izdkj ds cM+s dEI;wVlZ dks dgk tk ldrk gS ftudk dk;Z bUVjusV ds IP Address dh tkudkjh
j[kuk gSA bls eq[;r;k 8 Hkkxksa esa ckaVk tkrk gSA
1- .com ;g O;olkf;d laxBuks ds fy, fjtoZ gSA
2- .edu 'kS{kf.kd laLFkkvksa ds fy,
3- .mil vefjdh lush; laLFkkvksa ds fy,
4- .gov xouZesUV ds fy,
5- .org vksjxsukbts'ku ds fy,
6- .net usVodZ laLFkkvksa ds fy,
7- .int vUrjkZ"Vªh; laxBuksa ds fy,

2. J.C.S COMPUTER
rock_siraj@ymail,com Siraj sir
8- .in, . uk ;s izR;sd ns'k ds fy, vyx vyx gksrk gSA .in bfUM;k .uk fczVsu ds fy, vkfnA
mijksDr DNS ds vykok Hkh vU; DNS miyC/k gSA
osc ist & bUVjusV ij lwpukvksa ds vknku iznku ds fy, iz;ksx esa fy, tkus okyk ist ftl ij lwpukvksa dk laxzg
gksrk gSA osc ist dgykrk gSA
osc lkbV & bu osc istks ds laxzg dks osc lkbV dgk tkrk gSA
gkse ist & osclkbV dk eq[; i`"B tks fd osclkbV open djrs oDr loZizFke [kqyrk gS rFkk blij lwpuk dh
gsfMax fy[kh gksrh gS rFkk mlls vU; ist gkbijfyad ds ek/;e ls tqM+s jgrs gS] gkse ist dgykrk gSA
HTML - gkbij VsDLV ekdZvi ysXosat bldh enn ls osc istks dks fMtkbu fd;k tkrk gSA vktdy JAVA
Hkk"kk dk iz;ksx Hkh osclkbV MoyiesaV ds fy, gksrk gSA
bUVjusV dSls dk;Z djrk gS&
tc eksMse ds }kjk gekjk dEI;wVj ISP ds loZj ls tqM+k gksrk gS] ge ftl dEI;wVj ls lwpukvksa dk vknku
iznku djuk pkgrs gS rks mldk Mksesu use bUVjusV czkmtj ds ,Mªsl ckj ij fy[krs gSA bl Mksesu use dks ISP
loZj IP Address esa cnyrk gS rFkk ml dEI;wVj rd gekjk lans'k igqpkrk gS rFkk ml dEI;wVj ls pkgh x;h
lwpuk,a ge rd igwapkrk gSA bl rjg ge ISP loZj ds ek/;e ls mixzg dk iz;ksx djrs gq, Mksesu use okys
dEI;wVj ls tqM+ tkrs gSA ftlls ge MkVkvksa ,oa lwpukvksa dk vknku iznku djrs gSA
E-mail (Electronic Mail)
besy dEI;wVj ds }kjk Hksth tk ldus okyh bysDVªksfud Mkd lsok dk laf{kIr :Ik gSA bysDVªksfud iz.kkyh ds }kjk
cM+h&cM+h lwpukvksa dks izdk'k dh xfr ls Hkstuk bZ&esy us lEHko dj fn;k gSA dEI;wVj dks eksMse }kjk VsyhQksu ls
tksM+dj i=] fxzVhx rFkk dEI;wVj ds izksxzke dks Hkh nqfu;k ds fdlh Hkh fgLls esa Hkstk tk ldrk gSA loZizFke bZ&esy
lsok www.hotmail.com usa 'kq: dhA bls ,d Hkkjrh; lchj HkkfV;k us fodflr fd;k Fkk ftls ckn esa
ekbØkslks¶V us [kjhn fy;kA
E-mail Address - izR;sd bUVjusV lkbV tks fd bZ&esy lqfo/kk iznku djrh gS] izR;sd ;wtj dks ,d ,Mªsl nsrh
gSA ftlesa ;wtj dk uke rFkk lkbV dk uke gksrk gSa bZesy ,Mªsl dgykrk gSA tSls
dubeydharmsa@hotmail.com ;gka dubeydharmsa ;wtj use gS rFkk hotmail.com lkbV dk uke bu
nksuks dks vyx&vyx djus ds fy, @¼,V n jsV½ fpUg dk mi;ksx gksrk gSA
Mail Box - izR;sd lkbV tks bZ&esy ,Mªsl nsrh gS og viuh osc lkbV esa dqN kb;k mbdk Lisl bl ;wtj ds
fy, fjtoZ djrh gS bls esy cksDl dgrs gSA blh esa mlds besy&,Mªsl ij vkus okyh Mkd bDV~Bh gksrh jgrh gSA
rFkk ;gh ls og fdlh vU; dks Mkd compose djds Hkstrk gSA bl cksDl dh Mkd dks vU; dksbZ uk i<s ;k uk
ns[ks bl gsrq lqj{kk mn~ns'; ls ;wtj dks ikloMZ Mkyus gksrs gS] tks fd og viuh bPNk ls vadks ;k 'kCnks vkfn esa
Mkyrk gSA tc rd ;g ikloMZ esy ugha [kkrs rc rd ;g esy ckWDl ;k esy ,dkm.V ugha [kqyrkA
fuEu dqN osc lkbV besa Ýh bZ&esy lqfo/kk iznku djrh gSA
1. www.hotmail.com
2. www.yahoo.com
3. www.rediffmail.com
4. www.sify.com

3. J.C.S COMPUTER
rock_siraj@ymail,com Siraj sir
5. www.webduniya.com ¼fgUnh esa miyC/k½ vkfnA
vkt bUVjusV ds egRo ds dkj.k cgqr vf/kd la[;k esa bUVjusV osc lkbVksa dk fuekZ.k gks pqdk
gSA gesa ftl fo"k; ij tkudkjh pkfg, ml fo"k; ls lEcfU/kr osclkbV dk Mksesu use gesa ,d ;k nks dk gh irk
gks ldrk gSA ijUrq bl osclkbV ds egklkxj esa vusd osclkbZVl~ ,slh gks ldrh gSA ftu ij gekjh fo"k; oLrq
ftls fd ge ikuk pkgrs gS miyC/k gks ldrh gSA bl rjg dh osc lkbVksa dks bUVjusV dh lkbVksa ds ek/;e ls gh
[kkstuk rFkk mudk mi;ksx dj viuh fo"k; oLrq dks izkIr djuk gh bUVjusV lfQaZx dgykrk gSA blesa gesa vusd
[kpZ bUtuksa dk lgkjk ysuk iM+rk gSA
vla[; i`"Bksa dh lkexzh esa ls vkidh eupkgh lkexzh ;k fo"k; oLrq okyk i`"B <wa<dj lkeus ys vkus
tSls dk;Z dks iyHkj esa dj nsus dk dk;Z bUVjusV ds lpZ bUtu }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA
;s lpZ bUtu vU; osclkbVl dh rjg rS;kj dh x;h osc lkbVl gh gS tks oYMZ okbM osc ¼www½ ij miyC/k
vFkkg lkexzh esa ls bfPNr lkexzh <w<us esa gekjh enn djrk gSA
LikbMj ,sls izksxzke gS ftUgs MsVkcsl esa lwph c) osc ist dh ns[kjs[k ds fy, fufeZr fd;k x;k gSA os
LikbMj vjcks osc istksa dks i<rs gS vkSj mu ij i<s x;s 'kCnks dh ,d lwph rS;kj djrs gSA ;g izfØ;k osc ØkWfyx
dgykrh gSA fQj ;s ekaxh x;h tkudkjh esp djus okyh lkbV dh fyLV miyC/k djkrs gSa izR;sd LikbMj ,d ckj
esa osc istksa ds yxHkx 300 ds cjkcj duSD'ku [kksy ldrk gSA
lpZ batu }kjk lwph rS;kj djus esa u flQZ 'kCn vkSj URL (Uniform Resource Locator) dks gh LVksj fd;k
tkrk gSA cfYd mudh vko`fÙk vkfn dks Hkh LVksj dj fy;k tkrk gSa vkSj blh ds vk/kkj ij batu bu 'kCnksa dks
egRo iznku djds ifj.kke lwph esa mUgs ofj;rk ls LFkku iznku djrkg gSA
www.msn.com, www.google.com, www.yahoo.com, www.google.com,
www.directhit.com, www.indianwebsites.com, www.rediff.com, www.123india.com
,sls lks¶Vos;j tks osc lkbV dks <w<us esa dke vkrs gS czkmlj dgykrs gSA izeq[k czkmlj gS ekbØkslks¶V
bUVjusV ,DlIyksjj] usVLdsi usohxsVj vkfnA
World Wide Web (www) vkt tc O;fDr baVjusV ljfQax dh ckr djrk gS rks bldk vFkZ og gksrk gS fd
og Xyksc ¼oYMZ½ Hkj esa fLFkr eYVhehMh;k gkbij fyax MsVk csl ls Hkjh gqbZ lkbV~l dks psd djsxk rks bu lkbV~l
ds lEiw.kZ tky dks tgka fd vkt dy izfrfeuV ,d ubZ osc lkbV mHkj dj vk tkrh gS www dgk tkrk gSA bu
osc lkbV~l esa VsDLV] fiDpj] vkokt rFkk ,uhes'ku gksrs gS tks ekml dh ,d fDyd ls bl lalkj esa izos'k djkrs
gSA
Internet Explorer - ;g ,d xzkfQd] osc czkmlj gSA ;g ,d lks¶Vos;j gS tks gesa bUVjusV iz;ksx djus dk
IysV QkeZ miyC/k djokrk gSa ;g gesa bUVjusV ls lEidZ LFkkfir djus esa enn djrk gSA bldh ,d fo'ks"krk bldh
Intellisense Technology gS tks ;wtj dk;Z Loa iwjk dj nsrh gSa] tSls fd osc ,Mªsl vius vki iwjk fy[k nsuk
usVodZ dusD'ku vkfn dh ns[k js[k djuk fiNyh [kkst dk C;kSjk j[kuk vkfnA
blesa File, Edit, View, Favorities, Stop, Refresh, Home, Search, Favorities, vkfn feU;w gksrs gSA
blesa VkbVy ckj] feU;w ckj] eq[; Vwyckj] ,Mªsl ckj] lkbZV ,jh;k] LØksyckj] LVsVl ckj vkfn gksrs gSA
blesa Back, Forward, Stop, Refresh, Home, Search, Favorities, History, Pring, Mail vkfn izeq[k
cVu Hkh gksrs gSa tks gekjk dk;Z vkSj vklku cuk nsrs gSA
miyC/k baVjusV ,DlIyksjj

4. J.C.S COMPUTER
rock_siraj@ymail,com Siraj sir
1. Microsoft Internet Explorer
2. Netscape Navegator etc.
E-commerce : Electronic Commerce vFkkZr ,sls lHkh okf.kT;d dk;Z tks fd bysDVªksfud flLVe vFkkZr
dEI;wVj ds }kjk iw.kZ fd;s tkrs gSA ge bls ,sls Hkh dg ldrs gS fd bUVjusV ds ek/;e ls O;kikj djuk gh
bZ&dkWelZ dgykrk gSa ftlesa iSls ds ysu&nsu vkfn ls ysdj ?kj cSBs bUVjusV ij vksMZj nsdj oLrq dks [kjhnk tk
ldrk gSA
E-commerce ds ykHk & blds fuEu ykHk gS&
1- blls O;kikj nqfu;k Hkj ds bUVjusV iz;ksx drkZvksa ds chp igaqprk gSA
2- ?kj cSBs gh O;kikfjd dk;Z fuiVk;k tk ldrk gSA
3- eqnzk dk ysu nsu E-cash ds :i esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA
4- bUVjusV ij miyC/k dksbZ pht [kjhn ldrs gSA
5- blls O;kikj pykus ds fy, vkSj vf/kd ekuo 'kfDr dh vko';drk ugh gksrh gSA O;fDr vdsyk gh vius
dEI;wVj ij bl dk;Z ds fy, i;kZIr gSA
6- E-Banking ds ek/;e ls cSad ds lkjs dk;Z tSls iSlks dk ysunsu] pSd] MªkW¶V vkfn dk Hkqxrku cSad dh
osclkbV ls fd;k tk ldrk gSA
Electronic Payment System :
baVjusV ij fd;k x;k Hkqxrku Electronic Payment dgykrk gSa rFkk bl fof/k dks Electronic Payment
System dgk tkrk gSA
blls fo'o Hkj esa [kqnjk xzkgdksa dks osc lkbV ij ysu&nsu fooj.k o ,dkm.V csysUl] Online banks tSls
ICICI, HDFC, vkfn ds [kkrksa ds csysl iqjkus fooj.k] fQDLV] fMiksftV dks pSd djus dh lqfo/kk iznku djrh gSA
tc bUVjusV ij dksbZ [kjhnnkjh dh tkrh gS rks iSlks dk Hkqxrku djus ds fy, ogka ØsfMV dkMZ dk ua- NksM+k tkrk
gS rFkk ogka ls iSlk Bhd LFkku ij igqap tkrk gSA bl ij Hkqxrku fuEu ek/;eksa ls fd;k tkrk gSA
1- dszfMV dkMZ
2- fMthVy eqnzk
3- LekVZ dkMZ vkfnA
Security Considration bUVjusaV ij dqN xyr uh;r okys yksx Qk;ns dks de dj nsrs gS ;k uqdlku
igqapk nsrs gS bu lc ls lqj{kk djus ds mn~ns'; ls izR;sd ;wtj dks ,d ikloMZ fn;k tkrk gS tks fd fof'k"V
v{kjksa o fpUgksa dk ,d leqg gksrk gSa ;g izR;sd ;wtj ds fy, vyx&vyx o vuks[kk gksrk gSa ;g ikloMZ xqIr
j[kk tkrk gSa A
dHkh&dHkh nwljs yksx bUVjusV ls xqIr dksM pqjk ysrs gS vkSj egRoiw.kZ lwpukvksa esa Qsjcny dj nsrs gSA blls
cpus ds fy, vktdy ,slh dUVªksy flLVe cktkj esa miyC/k gS tks lgh miHkksDrk dks igpkuus esa dkQh gn
rd n{k gSA tSls fÝaxj fizaV dh cksMZ vkfnA
ikloMZ pqjk dj ok;jl dEI;wVj MkVk esa Mky nsrs gSA ftlls MkVk u"V gks tkrk gSa blls cpus ds
fy, cktkj esa vusd ,UVhok;jl izksxzke Hkh miyC/k gSA

5. J.C.S COMPUTER
rock_siraj@ymail,com Siraj sir
baVjusV ij vkWuykbu lksfiax djus ds fy, IykfLVd euh vFkkZr ØsfMV dkMZ
,oa LekVZ dkMksZ dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA bUgs vyx&vyx cSad rFkk dEIkfu;ka b';w djrh gS rFkk iSls ml
dkMZ Holder ls olwys tkrs gSA
tc cSdksa dk lkjk dk;Z osc ij gksxk rks yksxksa dk lkjk ysunsu E-cash ls gksxkA
blds vUrxZr lkjk ysu nsu osclkbZV ds ek/;e ls gksxkA rFkk lkjh cSad fo'o Lrj ij bl bZ ds'k ds dkj.k o`gn
Lrj ij Hkqxrku vkfn djus esa l{ke gksxhA
cSad }kjk uxnh dk bysDVªksfud ek/;e ls ysus nsu gh lkbcj dS'k ,ao bZdS'k dgykrk gS vkus okys le; esa bldk
foLrkj vf/kd gksxkA
CHAPTER 2
1- u;k Internet dusD'ku rS;kj djuk
2- My Computer dk mi;ksx dj u;k dusD'ku cukuk
3- Internet dusD'ku dk Sortcut cuk dj mi;ksx djuk
4- dEI;wVj dks bUVjusV ls tksM+uk
5- u;k E-mail ,dkm.V rS;kj djuk
6- esy ckWDl [kksyuk
7- Mail box esa vk;h Email dks [kksyuk
8- E-mail Hkstuk
9- File dks E-mail ds lkFk File dks Attachment ds :i esa Hkstuk
10- Attachment dks gVkuk
11- Web Searching
12- Image lpZ djuk
13- Internet ds ek/;e ls Chat djuk