quickly analyse...just starting..bioremediation..tell me what I don't know..cheers!

1. BY
OGUOYIBO .J. SISAN

2. Outline
 Background
 Bioremediation
 Enzymes
 Major enzymes used in bioremediation
 Case Study
 Advantages of bioremediation
 Limitations of bioremediation
 Conclusion
 References

3. Background
A large number of enzymes
from bacteria, fungi, and
plants are involved in the
biodegradation of toxic
organic pollutants.
Bioremediation is the use
of living organism for the
recovery or clean up of
contaminated medium.
Environment
Atmosphere
Earth
Water
Space
Fig.1: contaminated medium

4. Bioremediation

5. Enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts that facilitate the
conversion of substrates into products by providing
favourable conditions that lower the activation energy
of the reaction. They have active sites.
They function based on their classification according
to the E.C Number system.

6. Fig 2:Mechanism of enzyme action

7. Enzymes Used In Bioremediation
(Contd)
Microbialperoxidases
Microbial
oxidoreductases
 Microbial Laccases
Microbial Oxygenases
Monooxygenases
Microbial dioxygenases

8. Case Study of Enzymes Used in
Bioremediation
Very effective in the bioremediation of PAHs
 LIPs catalyse reactions in the presence of hydrogen
peroxide
Lignin peroxidase obtained from Phanerochaete
chrysosporium is effective against methylene blue
and azure B dyes
Lignin Peroxidase

9. Horseradish Peroxidase
 HRP is a proxidase that is secreted by the root hairs
of the horseradish plant
 Catalyse oxidation of phenols, biphenols, anilines and
benzidines etc.

10. Manganese Peroxidase
MnP is a
hydrogen peroxide
dependent enzyme,
but it can only
oxidize organics
when in the
presence of Mn(Il).
.
hanism of MnP
Figure 3: Mechanism of Manganese Peroxidase

11. Manganese Peroxidase(Contd.)
MnP oxidizes Mn(II) to Mn(III), which acts as an
obligatory oxidation intermediate for the oxidation of
of various compounds.
The Mn(IlI) ions migrate away from the enzyme and
start the oxidation of the lignin and other compounds.
compounds.

12. Advantages of Bioremediation
It is relatively expensive
No building needs to be dug up and removed
The method has been used effectively on oil spills and
clean ups in the past
As long as there is toxic waste, the bacteria continues
to feed on it.

13. Limitations of Bioremediation
Bacteria direction difficult to control
Lots of germs will be spread around
Most people are concerned that these bacteria may be
able to make people sick.
 It is limited to those compounds that are
biodegradable

14. Conclusion
Bioremediation is a powerful tool to clean up
contaminated sites.
Regardless of which aspect is used, it offers a safer
and more cost effective way to clean up contaminated
sites.
It’s advantages generally outnumber its disadvantages
owing to the number of sites that have been cleaned
up using this method and its increasing popularity.

15. References
R. S. Peixoto, A. B. Vermelho, and A. S. Rosado; 2011;
Petroleum-Degrading Enzymes: Bioremediation and New
Prospects; Volume 2011; 1-7.
Prezi.com
Snehal S. Menhon slide share
https://www.khanacademy.org
https://www.scribd.com
http://www.slideshare.net/vanithagopal/bioremediation-
41934065
http://www.kolumbus.fi/ilona.barlund/martinsprojects.htm
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