3D and bim technology for construction safety - track 2

2nd International Conference on Workplace Safety
& Health for the Construction Industry
3D and BIM Technology for3D and BIM Technology for
& Health for the Construction Industry
3D and BIM Technology for3D and BIM Technology for
Construction SafetyConstruction Safetyyy
Track 2Track 2
Stephen AU
stephenau@mtech.com.hk
MTECH E i i C dMTECH Engineering Co.,Ltd
14.8.2013
2nd International Conference on Workplace Safety & Health for the Construction Industry

Agendag
1
2
1
3D Simulation for Physical Safety Barrier
The Challenges of OSH
3
2 3D Simulation for Physical Safety Barrier
3D Simulation for Behavioral Safety Barrier

Accident Prevention
• Accident prevention is not about achievingp g
ZERO risk, but rather about achieving
ZERO accidentsZERO accidents.
• This is achieved by ensuring that safety
b i d i d i t l th tbarriers are designed appropriately, that
they are installed and functional, that they
are cleaned and maintained, that
instruction in their use is provided andinstruction in their use is provided and
finally that people are motivated to act in a
safe mannersafe manner.

Safety Barriersy

Safety Barriersy
Physical Safety Barrier Behavioral Safety Barriery y
– They are constructed and
designed appropriately
y
– Procedures, plans, rules and
goals
– Installed according to
purpose,
– Availability of good personnel
and planning
– Used as prescribed,
– Checked continually and
– Competences and adaptation
of personnel and tasks
– Maintained in good
condition
– Commitment, involvement and
endeavouring to resolve
conflicting situationsconflicting situations
– Coordination and
communicationcommunication
2nd International Conference on Workplace
Safety & Health for the Construction
Industry

Safety Barriersy
• Passive safety barriers are those that are incorporated
i t th t h l d t d hi hinto the technology, process, procedures, etc. and which
prevent undesirable events from occurring. These
include technical safety precautions automatic processinclude technical safety precautions, automatic process
procedures, targeted safety routine, etc.
• Active safety barriers are those that need to be learnedActive safety barriers are those that need to be learned
by the individual so that he or she through his or her
behaviour prevents undesirable events from occurring.
These include safety instructions, safety procedures,
safety standard and routines.

What We Need to Do?
• How do we ensure that such simultaneities of
factors that can result in accidents do not arise?
• How do we create awareness that
“simultaneities” can occur so that people have
an opportunity to take the appropriate action?pp y pp p
• How do we ensure that people what they should
do when they are in situations where ado when they are in situations where a
simultaneity of factors arises that can lead to an
accident?accident?

Safety Barriers And Risk Observations
Equipment
Work
organize
Competence

“Define, Plan, Validate, Monitor & Control the
Physical world in a Virtual Digital Environment”
VIRTUAL PHYSICAL
Physical world in a Virtual Digital Environment
Tangible AssetsNon tangible Assets
Process and product Constructionp
knowledge
Construction
INTELLECTUAL PROPTERTYINTELLECTUAL PROPTERTY REAL OPERATIONSREAL OPERATIONS

Traditional Way vs. Virtual Wayy y
BEFORE
• 2D drawing, text, photo and video
Virtual
• 3D intelligent model
• Only Safety Manager has OSH knowledge
• OSH are difficult to be predicted into design
and operation
• OSH data & engineering data are segmented
• 3D Model maintained “ Life-Like experience”
• Collaboration is active during design &
construction
• Validate OSH procedure virtually and
• Push based training interactively
• Interactive training and learning
• 3D intelligent model captures operation
performance data

Working Environment Investigationg g
The surroundings that are
being travelled or worked in
The surface that is being travelled
on or being worked on
Surroundings of a
particularly dangerous nature
What is being
worked on or with

The Link Between Working Environment,
Process & HumanProcess & Human

Design for Operation Safety and Health

Working Space Analysis forWorking Space Analysis for
Worker Safety & Health
Conditions

Design for Safety Operations andDesign for Safety Operations and
Maintenance
2nd International Conference
on Workplace Safety & Health
for the Construction Industry

Fire Engineering Simulation & Analysis
Simulation of occupants’ escaping from compartment to docking
area of ship in case of fire or other hazardsarea of ship in case of fire or other hazards
2nd International Conference on Workplace Safety & Health for the
Construction Industry

Typical Virtual Construction Workflow
1
2
4
3
Import scheduleImport schedule
1
Create Work Breakdown
Structure
Create Work Breakdown
Structure
Prepare product by
transferring BIM
Prepare product by
transferring BIM
• Create/import resources
• Plan site layout
• Create/import resources
• Plan site layout
StructureStructure
5
gg
9
6
• Assign 3D data to process
• Validate process in 3D
• Assign 3D data to process
• Validate process in 3D
78
• Generate reports
• Update Project schedule
• Generate reports
• Update Project schedule
Add annotations and
Work instructions
Add annotations and
Work instructions
• Create simulation in 3D
• Concrete process simulation
• Crane simulation
• Create simulation in 3D
• Concrete process simulation
• Crane simulation
• Human simulation
• Ergonomic analysis
• Human simulation
• Ergonomic analysis
Work instructionsWork instructions

Virtual Construction Model Creation
• The aim of Virtual Construction Model is to show and
t th t tipresent the construction process.
– The Virtual Construction Model should cut down the As-Design /
Construction BIM model to many assembly models for present they y p
construction process.
– Add the construction works resourcesl such as formworks,
temporary works etctemporary works etc.
BIM Model
Virtual Construction Model - Assembly Models
temporary works

Define the Activities Under the Process
• Arrange the sequence of
activitiesactivities
– Sequence the construction process
• Add the motions with time to theAdd the motions with time to the
device
Step 6

Safety & Risk Managementy g
Input
• Construction site
Output
• Identify the dangerous
• Detailed Worker
Operations
y g
zone with annotation
• Protective arrangement
• Components Installation
Plan
for high risk work
• Safety construction
th d t t t• Safety Rule Guide
• Master Planning (Grant
method statement
Chart)
• Contactor Working
S h d lSchedule

Construction Design and Checkingg g
Identification of table formwork design errors.

Construction activities are simulated toConstruction activities are simulated to
check if there is physical conflicts or any
f t b isafety barrier.

Safety & Risk Managementy g
Outrigger Installation for One Inland EastOutrigger Installation for One Inland East

Outrigger Installation (inside)
(Reality vs VC)(Reality vs VC)
DAY 1 DAY 2DAY 1 DAY 2
DAY 5 DAY 6DAY 5 DAY 6

Logistic Safety Checkg y
Shartin Railway Station Construction Project

Simulation of the 6-day Cycley y
Hong Kong Housing Authority Project

Space Analysis
• Allocate resources
on construction site
• Arrange storageg g
sequence during
processing
• Suggest the best
location and logisticg
path for resources
– Space Analysis Report

Ergonomics Studyg y
Evaluate ergonomics for human
activities to ensure worker safety
Solution Features & BenefitsSolution Features & Benefits
Simulate workers to predict humany
and comfort
• Ergonomic design and improvement of
manual or semi-automated workplaces
performance
Simulate and choreograph multiple workers
working in tandem
manual or semi-automated workplaces
• Maximize operator comfort and safety
Evaluate manning level alternatives
Optimize Tasks performance
Detailed ergonomic analysis including RULA
Library of worker functions and actions for
C t ti i d tConstruction industry
Optimize work center design
Analyze human interaction with devicesAnalyze human interaction with devices,
robots and processes
Analyze human interaction using vision
Use simulations as a learning environment
for workers

Ergonomics Studyg y
Input
• Detailed Worker
Output
• Provide a correct posture
Operations
p
guideline for worker’s
operation
Plan
• Safety Rule Guide
• Identify high risky zone in
construction site
I di t E i• Master Planning (Grant
Chart)
• Indicate Ergonomic
installation practice
Safety Report
Schedule
– Safety Report
– Health and Safety Operations
Guide
– Dangerous Operations Report

Embedded Safety ProceduresEmbedded Safety Procedures
in the Method Statement

W k C Si l i Pl i
Human SimulationWork Crew Simulation, Planning,
Resource Optimization, Safety & Training
Optimize the Construction sequence by simulating key human tasks
Improve work center design and maximize worker safety and comfort
Use simulations as a learning environment for crew training and safety

2nd International
Conference on

Value of 3D Simulation
• What shall be observed, which concerns,
observation of safety barriers
• How shall the observed safety barriers be• How shall the observed safety barriers be
quality assessed
• What types of action shall be taken based
upon observations and the evaluationupon observations and the evaluation

Safety Trainingy g
• Expectation, understanding and motivationp , g
are based on what the individual perceives
as being important It is thereforeas being important. It is therefore
appropriate to influence the individual's
expectations and acknowledgement ofexpectations and acknowledgement of
risks and safety barriers through
finstruction, training and communication of
goals and consequences.g q

Type of Persons to Handle Hazardyp
Conscious
I t
Conscious
C tIncompetence Competence
Unconscious UnconsciousUnconscious
Incompetence
Unconscious
Competence

Knowledge – Ability - Actiong y
Bellamy’s illustration of knowledge-ability-action in relation to safety
barriers and ”message maps”, etc. (Bellamy et al 2009)
g p , ( y )

Unsafe Acts
Human behaviour as
being the factor that
t i th id ttriggers the accident
Reason’s structure and understanding
of errors and incorrect actions,
(Reason 1990)
(Reason 1990)

Industry Difficulties
Difficulties & Pressures
• Method statement and working schedule normally in
writing and difficult to validate
• Users demand better quality presentationUsers demand better quality presentation
• Complicated equipment installation and commissioning
manual
• Safety issues demands for training repeatedly

Occupation Health & Safety Excellence
Combined product-documentation bundle
with new levels of interactiveness forwith new levels of interactiveness for
knowledge transfer.
Working
with FUN
Hazard
handling
Health
working
behavior
with FUN
Working
procedure
Equipment
user manual

3D Interactive Method Statement
Input OutputInput
• Detailed Worker
Operations
Output
• Act as a planning tool for
work sequencep
Plan
q
• Easy understanding on
each steps
• Safety Rule Guide
• Master Planning (Grant
• Clearly assign the
resources in construction
Chart)
site
• Provide an instruction to
id th kSchedule guide the work progress
– 3D Instruction
– 3D Instruction Report– 3D Instruction Report

Solution
Bridges the gap by pulling 3D CAD and other
d t i t f l th i t l thdata, into powerful authoring tools thus
enabling Product Catalogue, Operation
Procedures & Training materials with
interactive 3D visualizations and simulationsinteractive 3D visualizations and simulations
more rapidly and efficiently than ever before.

3D Operation Manualp
Engineering/
M f t i
Existing TextDesign CAD
Data
Manufacturing
Edit D t
Authoring
Reuse
Project
Text / 2D
Authoring
Edit Document
Authoring Project
Create 3D Step
AnimationsPublish Animations
2D Paper / E-Paper
Publish
3D Interactive
End-User/
Consumer
Review / Update

Create Interactive 3D Method
StatementStatement
E t l b d 3D• Easy-to-use language-based 3D
animation
• Uses simplified technical English
commandscommands
• Quickly generate working instructions
• Built-in BOP text editor
• Automatic text generation fromAutomatic text generation from
animations
• Synchronise animations with text
• Map parts data from CAD/BOMp p
metadata
• Link 3D parts to text
• List parts for each assembly step
• Configurable style sheet-based
publishing
• HTML web app
• iPad app
• 2D/3D PDF

3D Interactive Crane Disassembly
Training ManualTraining Manual
R i i d &• Reuse existing procedures &
animations
• T&C Manuals & O&M Instructions
• Training scenarios wizard
• Identify Parts
• Multiple choice questionsMultiple choice questions
• Procedure branching
• Demo, Study and Exam modes
D f d i• Demo for procedure review
• Study for assisted progress
• Exam for scored with no
assistanceassistance
publishing
• HTML web app

3D Pre-Cast Water Tank Method
StatementStatement
• Project: Hung Shu
Kiu, Yuen Long
• Developer: Hong
Kong Housingg g
Authority
• Main Contractor: HsinMain Contractor: Hsin
Cheong Construction

Interactive Scaffolding Training Manual
R i i d &• Reuse existing procedures &
animations
• T&C Manuals & O&M Instructions
• Training scenarios wizard
• Identify Parts
• Multiple choice questionsMultiple choice questions
• Procedure branching
• Demo, Study and Exam modes
D f d i• Demo for procedure review
• Study for assisted progress
• Exam for scored with no
assistanceassistance
publishing
• HTML web app

Five stages in organisations’ safety
culturescultures

Value Propositionsp
• Communication
• Motivation
A il bilit• Availability
• Ergnormicg
• Conflicts resolution
C• Competence
• Cost effectivenessCost effectiveness

The Life-Like Experiencep

stephenau@mtech com hk
If you want to get the proceeding, please
leave your contact address or name card
stephenau@mtech.com.hk

3D and bim technology for construction safety - track 2

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