Presentation to workshop on Sustainable Tourism Management: Co-creation Sustainable DestinationWednesday 21 August 2019, Westin Nusa Dua, Bali - hosted by Ministry of Tourism, Government of Indonesia.

1. Workshop on Sustainable Tourism Management: Co-creation Sustainable Destination
Wednesday 21 August 2019, Westin Nusa Dua, Bali.
Visitor Economy Linking to Future Indonesia Sustainable Tourism
Steve Noakes

2. The future …
Some thought provokers on options & approaches to sustainable tourism in Indonesia
Visitor Economy Linking to Future
Indonesia Sustainable Tourism
Let’s start with some of my personal examples
The ‘before’ … sustainable tourism ideas emerging in Indonesia – over 20 years
The ‘now’ … linking visitor economy & sustainable tourism – recent village example

3. Year 2000

4. Let’s start with some of my personal examples
The ‘before’ … sustainable tourism ideas emerging in Indonesia – over 20 years
2001: Udayana Kingfisher Ecolodge
Introduces ‘Green Globe’– the first international standard sustainable
tourism certification applied in Indonesia

5. Year 2000: ‘The Republic of Indonesia has undergone waves
of political change since 1998. A succession of four
Presidents and five Ministers for Culture and Tourism since
then has resulted in constant change in the management of
Indonesia’s tourism industry.'
Year 2002

6. The past focus on major, integrated coastal resort development projects with questionable
sustainability practices may not necessarily be the best way to move forward and for tourism
to play a greater role to address a structural weakness in the Indonesian economy – the highly
under-developed small and medium enterprise sector.
Industry self-regulation, voluntary initiatives or regulations with the force of the law are
mechanisms to assist in improving the sustainability of the tourism sector.
For a longer term sustainable tourism sector, environmental safeguards in Indonesia must be
strengthened.
Sustainable tourism requires honesty, responsibility and integrity in the creation and
management of destination image by the public and private sectors, along with a realistic
expectation that the product or destination demand generated by the motivation force of the
imaging can actually be delivered.
Benchmarking, certification and independent auditing of environmental performance schemes
such as Green Globe will become standard practice for destinations seeking to achieve
marketing programmes which contribute to sustainable tourism outcomes.
Year 2002

7. Origins 1996
Restructuring 2008

10. Year 2012

11. Year 2012

12. Year 2012

13. The ‘now’ … linking visitor economy & sustainable tourism
The destination:
 Village: Labuhan Ratu IX
 Sub District: Labuhan Ratu
 District: East Lampung

15. Meet
Heriono
The local people

16. Meet: Pak Sabarudin
 Village: Labuhan Ratu IX
The local people
Andatu Homestay

17. Pak Sabarudin
Andatu Homestay

18. Pak Sabarudin
Andatu Homestay

19. Simple
interpretive
Sign
@
Andatu
Homestay

20. Andatu
Homestay
House lights
from bio-gas

21. Village home stay
network

22. VISITOR ECONOMY
Lombok

23. GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES: Actual Trends vs Tourism 2030 Forecast- World
Global air passengers
– almost double in next 20 years
2018: 4.3 billion 2037: 8.2 billion
(OAG, IATA, ICAO)

25. UNWTO: 80% of travel in Asia-Pacific is now intra-regional
PATA: Visitor forecast for 2022 - intra-regional travel will continue to dominate Asia-Pacific arrivals
OAG: Asia Pacific - 15 of the top 20 busiest international routes
- 13 of the top 20 busiest domestic routes
Indonesia is home to more of the Top 20 busiest domestic routes than any other country, with three.
Intra-regional travel will fuel
Indonesia’s tourism future.

26. Global perspectives
 Visitor economy

27. UN Statistics Division-approved Tourism Satellite Accounting methodology
(TSA:RMF 2008) quantifies only the direct contribution of Travel & Tourism.
Visitor Economy - a concept much broader than ‘tourism’
WTTC - Travel & Tourism's total contribution is much greater – includes
direct economic impact + indirect and induced impacts resulting
from visitors interactions with their destination.
 Includes direct consumption of goods and services paid by people who visit a destination,
activity generated indirectly from supply chains and services to the industry, construction,
etc.
 Additional induced activity from what people who work, directly or indirectly, serving
visitors spend in the local economy

28. INDONESIA:
(WTTC, Oxford Economics)
2018
LEISURE SPENDING: 70%
BUSINESS SPENDING: 30%
DOMESTIC SPENDING: 57%
INTERNATIONAL SPENDING: 43%

29. Planning for Visitor Economy
* Examples from Australia
* Now common in destinations
* States, Cities, Regional

30. ‘The Visitor Economy is all spend associated with visitors to South
Australian destinations.
It is important to understand that it encompasses so much more
than the traditional tourism categories of hotels, tours and
airlines.’
‘The visitor economy is diverse and includes accommodation,
events, food services, clubs and bars, transport, travel
agencies and tour operators, business events, sport and
recreation, and arts and culture. Victoria has particular
strengths in sport, arts and cultural activities.’

31. Integral to the visitor economy - sustainability
… has evolved
… now present across all segments of tourism’s value chain

32. Quality Control Tools (QCT) for sustainable tourism

33. Quality Control Tools (QCT) for sustainable tourism
Lesar, L., Weaver, D., & Gardiner, S. (2019). From Spectrum to Multiverse: A New Perspective on the Diversity of Quality Control Tools for
Sustainable Tourism Theory and Practice. Journal of Travel Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287519841715
‘The evolution of of QTC theory from unidimensional spectrum (Weaver 2006) to
contemporary multiverse.’
‘Translating sustainable tourism concepts into practice has been central to industry agendas
since the 1990s, giving rise to the necessity and implementation of sustainable tourism
Quality Control Tools’.
(Lesar, Weaver, Gardiner 2019).

34. Quality Control Tools (QTC):
 Voluntary mechanisms
 Translate sustainable tourism concepts into practice
While essential to sustainable tourism practice, the most recent depiction of their diversity occurred in the
early 2000s and identified just four types and one variability parameter.
The quality control spectrum.

35. Contemporary quality control
tool landscape: diversity by
type and theme
Sustainable tourism -
 a more comprehensive array
of practices available for
destination practitioners and
managers
The study identifies
• 15 types of QCTs - each
possessing numerous
variations
• 7 critical variability
parameters
Together these
constitute the new “QCT
multiverse.”
.

36. Workshop on Sustainable Tourism Management: Co-creation Sustainable Destination
Wednesday 21 August 2019, Westin Nusa Dua, Bali.
Visitor Economy Linking to Future Indonesia Sustainable Tourism
Steve Noakes
stevenoakes1@gmail.com
Terimakasih

39. Strategies which extend the length of stay
Greater economic benefits to the destination - Increase visitor spend per trip
Reduce environmental impacts of tourism – the major environmental costs of tourism are incurred in travelling to/from the
destination
Indonesia’s economy – diverse – most goods and services needed to supply the tourism sector can be sourced within Indonesia
– not much economic leakage – increases the multiplier effect from direct tourist expenditure as well as indirect and induced
spending
Domestic market can be more important/significant as international – they have less demand for imported goods and more
interest in purchasing local food, goods and services – e.g. souvenirs
https://sustainability-leaders.com/how-to-measure-destination-sustainability-success-panel-
answers/?fbclid=IwAR0cl5pi8Oeb2wu_88HuTJW39eqp06AXQ8npvQ65epNxYGJMETnT1fJ7L08