its a presentation describing all the major features and aspects of microgrids and their contribution in solving grotesque power crises situations. hope one would find it helpful. email your feedback at sumitraturi001@gmail.com.

1. Microgrids: the panacea for
country’s power crises.
sumit raturi.
Dept. of electrical engg.
Thdc institute of hydropower engg & tech.

2.  Microgrid : an introduction.
• A microgrid is a group of
interconnected loads and
distributed energy resources
within clearly defined
electrical boundaries that
acts as a single controllable
entity with respect to the
grid. If desired a microgrid
can connect and disconnect
from the grid to enable it to
operate in both grid-
connected or island-mode.

3.  Classification of microgrids.
i) Large grid connected
microgrids.
ii) Small grid connected
microgrids.
iii) Large remote microgrids.
iv) Small remote microgrids.

4.  Architecture of microgrids.
A microgrid consists of
following components.
i) main substation.
ii) smart meters.
iii) storage devices.
iv) Distributed resources.
v) Cogeneration systems.

5. Modes of operation .
Grid connected mode.
in this mode the microgrid works in
integration with macro grid.
The two grids are connected at the
pcc with the help of either a ckt
breaker or a static switch or a
power electronic interface.

6. Island mode .
In this the microgrid works
alone on its own resources
either intentionally or due
to failure of main grid.
however special attention is
required when transition
takes place from one to other
mode due to transients.

7.  importance & benefits .
• It enables modernization of
the grids.
• It enhances the integration
and the usage of distributed
and renewable energy
resources.
• It meets up with the end
user needs.
• It provides support and
backup for main grid.

8.  Economic issues & constraints.
• Installation requires huge
investment and research.
• Transition from grid
connected to isolated
mode is a tricky job.
• Co-ordination of
distributed energy
resources is difficult.
• Requirement of public
private partnership.

9. Deployment in India.
• With a installed capacity of
253.4 GW India is the
fourth largest producer of
electricity.
• The high availability of
DERs and renewable
energy resources makes
microgrid a good choice.
• It can prove to be the
panacea for rural
electrification problems.

10. existing microgrid ventures.
• Sagar island microgrid
project of( 200+450)Kw, in
Sunderban, West Bengal.
• Husk power systems plant
powered by rice husk in
Champaran Bihar.
• Other firms such as
naturetech infra, minda
nextgen tech, gram oorga etc
have installed projects in UP
& Bihar.
• SunEdision has also installed
a miniproject but plans to
install much bigger units.

11. Case study : husk power systems.
• In 2007 Husk power system led
by Gyanesh Pandey(CEO)
started a rice husk powered
microgrid in tamkuha Bihar
with help of MNRE.
• Provides electricity for 2 lights
& a mobile charger at 100 rs
pm to a family.
• The biomass gasification system
that Husk uses is a 32 kW system
that can electrify larger villages
(about 500-700 households).

12.  Future aspects : the road ahead.
• once the technological and
financial probs. are addressed
they will solve most of the
grotesque crises.
• Latest technologies such as
smart grids, nano batteries,
fuel cells etc will help in
advent of microgrids.
• Its just not a glimmer of hope
but has an immense potential
to provide continuous
electricity to over 300 mn
unprivileged Indians.

13. Queries ?