The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was created and founded during the collapse of the colonial system and the independence struggles of the peoples of Africa, Asia, Latin America and other regions of the world and at the height of the Cold War.

1. Non- Aligned
Movement
Dr. Surendra Kumar
Yadawa
IMS Unison University,
Dehradun

2. What is
Non-
alignment?
The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
was created and founded during the
collapse of the colonial system and
the independence struggles of the
peoples of Africa, Asia, Latin America
and other regions of the world and at
the height of the Cold War.

3. What is meant
by non-
alignment
movement?
 Opposition of Cold war
 Opposition of Alliances
 Non-involvement- Power Politics
 Peaceful coexistence
 Non-interference
 Independence in foreign policy
 A policy of action- not isolation
 Peaceful cooperation

4. Who were the
founders of
Non-Aligned
Movement?
The founding fathers of the Non-aligned
movement were- Sukarno of Indonesia,
Jawaharlal Nehru of India, and Josip
Broz Tito of Yugoslavia, Gamal Abdul
Nasser of Egypt and Kwame Nkrumah of
Ghana. Their actions were known as 'The
Initiative of Five'.

5. What do you
mean by
NAM?
 Meaning of Non-Aligned Movement: The non-
alignment refers to an independent policy
adopted by a country while keeping away
from the power blocs. It is distinct from
neutrality which means keeping aloof from
international politics. Thus, non-alignment is a
positive concept.

6. What is NAM
explain?
 The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a forum
of 120 countries that are not formally aligned
with or against any major power bloc. After the
United Nations, it is the largest grouping of
states worldwide. Non-Aligned Movement
(NAM) Current members of the Non-Aligned
Movement.

7. What are the
aims of NAM?
 To advocate sovereign equality of all states.
 To encourage friendly relations among
countries.
 To advocate peaceful settlement of international
disputes.
 To oppose the use of force and the use of
nuclear weapons.

8. What are the
main
objectives of
Non-
alignment
Movement?
• The main objective of the NAM at the beginning was to keep
away the newly independent countries of Asia and Africa from
the superpower rivalry and to protect and preserve their newly
acquired independence. The other important objectives of the
NAM are the following:
• To eliminate all those causes which could lead to war.
• To protect the nascent freedom of the new-born independent
countries of Asia and Africa from colonial domination.
• To oppose colonialism imperialism and radial discrimination.
• To advocate sovereign equality of all states.
• To encourage friendly relations among countries.
• To advocate peaceful settlement of international disputes.
• To oppose the use of force and the use of nuclear weapons.
• To protect human rights and to protect the environment.

9. Why did the
Non-Aligned
Movement fail?
 Failure of Non-Aligned Movement
The NAM has shown a tendency to ignore some
of the human rights violations committed by
member countries. NAM could not stop the
arms race and bring an end to Nuclear
Proliferation. It could not prevent regional
confrontations.

10. What are the
problems faced
by non-aligned
countries?
 Current Challenges facing the NAM include the
necessity of protecting the principles of
International law, eliminating weapons of mass
destruction , combating terrorism, defending
human rights, working toward making the
United Nations more effective in meeting the
needs of all its member states in order to
preserve

11. Who is the
current
chairman of
NAM?
Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro
officially handed the presidency of the
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) to
Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev,
during the inaugural ceremony of
Leaders' Meeting. Azerbaijan will hold
the NAM presidency for 3 years until the
19th summit in 2022.

12. Do you think that
the Non-Aligned
Movement
(NAM) has lost its
sheen in today’s
world? Give
reasons to support
your opinion.
Approach:
• Write in brief about NAM
• Write why there is debate around the relevance of NAM
• Provide arguments whether it is relevant or not with reasons
to support your opinion
• Provide Conclusion based on arguments provided.
• The Non-Aligned Movement is a Movement of countries
representing the interests and priorities of developing
countries. The Movement has its origin in the Asia-Africa
Conference held in Bandung, Indonesia in 1955. Non-
Aligned Movement was formed during the Cold War as an
organization of States that did not seek to formally align
themselves with either the United States or the Soviet Union
but sought to remain independent or neutral.

13. Relevance
 With the disintegration of the USSR and the end of the
cold war in 1991, non-alignment, both as an
international movement and as the core of India’s
Foreign Policy, lost some earlier relevance and
effectiveness. However, non-alignment retained some
core values and enduring idea, after the end of the
cold war it started giving more importance to
economic ideas.
NAM is still relevant today. This is because of the
following reasons: NAM was based on the principle
that decolonised countries share a historical affiliation
and can become powerful if they all come together.
This affiliation is still relevant.

14. • NAM stressed on the idea that it is not necessary for
small and poor countries in the world to follow any
powerful country if they are able to follow any
independent foreign policy.
• NAM is also based on the value of democratizing the
international system by thinking about an alternative
world order to address several issues such as poverty and
existing inequalities.
• With the emergence of neo colonialism ( use of economic,
political, cultural or other pressure to influence former
colonies), many newly independent nations were unable
to take concrete decisions in the economic fields due to
the pressure exerted by the powerful nations and
organisations like the World Bank, WTO, IMF etc.
Under such circumstances, NAM came forward to help
these countries in trying to assert their economic rights.

15. • USA off late has emerged as a powerful nation. NAM
has immense potentialities and experience to prevent
the dominating of USA over countries like Iraq and
Afghanistan.
 Thus, NAM still remains an important and powerful
force which aims at achieving international peace,
disarmament and economic development. Non-
Alignment has not lost its relevance rather it has stood
the test of time. It has served the useful purpose of
protecting and preserving the interest of the Third
World countries well in the past, so it is also expected
to serve their interest well in the future to come.

16. Thank You