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1. STROKE

2.  A stroke is a "brain attack". It can happen to anyone at
any time. It occurs when blood flow to an area of brain is
cut off. When this happens, brain cells are deprived of
oxygen and begin to die. When brain cells die during a
stroke, abilities controlled by that area of the brain such
as memory and muscle control are lost.

3.  How a person is affected by their stroke depends on
where the stroke occurs in the brain and how much the
brain is damaged. For example, someone who had a
small stroke may only have minor problems such as
temporary weakness of an arm or leg. People who have
larger strokes may be permanently paralyzed on one side
of their body or lose their ability to speak. Some people
recover completely from strokes, but more than 2/3 of
survivors will have some type of disability.

4.  Each year nearly 800,000 people experience a new or
recurrent stroke.
 A stroke happens every 40 seconds.
 Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death in the U.S.
 Every 4 minutes someone dies from stroke.
 Up to 80 percent of strokes can be prevented.
 Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability in the U.S.

6. Types
 Hemorrhagic stroke
 There are two types of stroke, hemorrhagic and ischemic.
Hemorrhagic strokes are less common, in fact only 15
percent of all strokes are hemorrhagic, but they are
responsible for about 40 percent of all stroke deaths.
 A hemorrhagic stroke is either a brain aneurysm burst or
a weakened blood vessel leak. Blood spills into or around
the brain and creates swelling and pressure, damaging
cells and tissue in the brain. There are two types of
hemorrhagic stroke called intracerebal and subarachnoid.

7.  INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE
 The most common hemorrhagic stroke happens when a blood
vessel inside the brain bursts and leaks blood into surrounding
brain tissue (intracerebal hemorrhage). The bleeding causes brain
cells to die and the affected part of the brain stops working
correctly. High blood pressure and aging blood vessels are the
most common causes of this type of stroke.
 Sometimes intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke can be caused by an
arteriovenous malformation (AVM). AVM is a genetic condition of
abnormal connection between arteries and veins and most often
occurs in the brain or spine. If AVM occurs in the brain, vessels can
break and bleed into the brain. The cause of AVM is unclear but
once diagnosed it can be treated successfully.

8.  SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE
 This type of stroke involves bleeding in the area between
the brain and the tissue covering the brain, known as the
subarachnoid space. This type of stroke is most often
caused by a burst aneurysm.

9. Transient ischemic stroke
 When blood flow to part of the brain stops for a short
period of time, also called transient ischemic attack
(TIA), it can mimic stroke-like symptoms. These appear
and last less than 24 hours before disappearing.

12. Etiology