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Russia in Syria
Military Buildup and Implications
Jeffrey White @JeffWhite25
The Washington Institute for Near East
Policy
The Washington Institute for Near East
Policy
1
Reasons
• Support the regime
• Bolster Russian influence on Syrian situation
• Increase Russian role in region
• Fight “terrorism”
• Divert attention from domestic troubles
• Challenge the U.S.
The Washington Institute for Near East
Policy
2
Continuing Build-up
• Sea bridge: Landing ships,
commercial vessels
• Air bridge:
– An-124/Condor, IL62, Tu-
154, and IL-76
– RU-IR-IZ-SY route
– Masked
• Facilities
– Expansion of Basel al-
Assad Airport
– Helicopter base at Istamo
– Ports of Latakia and Tartus
The Washington Institute for Near East
Policy
3
An-124/Condor Inbound Latakia
Alligator Class Large Landing Ship
Photo courtesy of Yörük Işık, ACTECON International Consulting
Order of Battle
• Air
– 4 x Su-30 SM/Flanker-C
– 12 x Su-24/Flanker
– 12 x Su-25/Frogfoot
– Attack and transport helos
– Yakovlev Pchela-1T Drones
– IL-20/Coot intelligence collector
– Possible ABN CP
• Ground
– Elements 810th Naval Infantry Brigade
– Possible elements 363rd Naval
Infantry Brigade
– T-90 tanks
– BTR-80 type APCs
– Field Artillery
– Several thousand troops
• Air Defense
– SA-22/Greyhound
• Presumed C2 structure
The Washington Institute for Near East
Policy
4
Su-24/Fencer
SA-22/Greyhound
Potential Missions
• Air
– Reconnaissance
– Close air support
– Strike
– Interdiction
– Airborne C2
• Ground
– Advising
– Embedding
– Security
– Defense
– Offense
– SF
The Washington Institute for Near East
Policy
5
Su-25/Frogfoot
Potential Operational Areas
• Selective employment
• Key targets
– Priority enemies
– Where regime forces/positions are threatened
– Tailored packages
• Key areas
– Northern Latakia
– Northern Hama
– Damascus region
– Aleppo
– Eastern Homs
The Washington Institute for Near East
Policy
6
Potential Effects on the War
• Direct effects:
– Provide decisive edge on select battlefields
– Increase the ability of regime forces to hold/take key
positions and territory
– Increase the attrition of opposition forces
– Restore the regime’s waning offensive capabilities.
• Indirect effects:
– Raise the combat effectiveness of regime forces
– Raise the morale of regime forces
– Depress the morale of opposition forces
– Rally Jihadist forces
The Washington Institute for Near East
Policy
7
Conclusions
• Quite capable
joint/combined arms force
• Russian force tailored for
regime support mission
• Intended to fight, but
cannot fight everywhere at
once
• Can be expanded with air
and sea bridge capabilities
• Can have significant effects
on the battlefield
• Can give Russia a direct role
in war’s direction
• Can have significant political
effects
The Washington Institute for Near East
Policy
8

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Russia in Syria: Military Buildup and Implications

  • 1. Russia in Syria Military Buildup and Implications Jeffrey White @JeffWhite25 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 1
  • 2. Reasons • Support the regime • Bolster Russian influence on Syrian situation • Increase Russian role in region • Fight “terrorism” • Divert attention from domestic troubles • Challenge the U.S. The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 2
  • 3. Continuing Build-up • Sea bridge: Landing ships, commercial vessels • Air bridge: – An-124/Condor, IL62, Tu- 154, and IL-76 – RU-IR-IZ-SY route – Masked • Facilities – Expansion of Basel al- Assad Airport – Helicopter base at Istamo – Ports of Latakia and Tartus The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 3 An-124/Condor Inbound Latakia Alligator Class Large Landing Ship Photo courtesy of Yörük Işık, ACTECON International Consulting
  • 4. Order of Battle • Air – 4 x Su-30 SM/Flanker-C – 12 x Su-24/Flanker – 12 x Su-25/Frogfoot – Attack and transport helos – Yakovlev Pchela-1T Drones – IL-20/Coot intelligence collector – Possible ABN CP • Ground – Elements 810th Naval Infantry Brigade – Possible elements 363rd Naval Infantry Brigade – T-90 tanks – BTR-80 type APCs – Field Artillery – Several thousand troops • Air Defense – SA-22/Greyhound • Presumed C2 structure The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 4 Su-24/Fencer SA-22/Greyhound
  • 5. Potential Missions • Air – Reconnaissance – Close air support – Strike – Interdiction – Airborne C2 • Ground – Advising – Embedding – Security – Defense – Offense – SF The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 5 Su-25/Frogfoot
  • 6. Potential Operational Areas • Selective employment • Key targets – Priority enemies – Where regime forces/positions are threatened – Tailored packages • Key areas – Northern Latakia – Northern Hama – Damascus region – Aleppo – Eastern Homs The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 6
  • 7. Potential Effects on the War • Direct effects: – Provide decisive edge on select battlefields – Increase the ability of regime forces to hold/take key positions and territory – Increase the attrition of opposition forces – Restore the regime’s waning offensive capabilities. • Indirect effects: – Raise the combat effectiveness of regime forces – Raise the morale of regime forces – Depress the morale of opposition forces – Rally Jihadist forces The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 7
  • 8. Conclusions • Quite capable joint/combined arms force • Russian force tailored for regime support mission • Intended to fight, but cannot fight everywhere at once • Can be expanded with air and sea bridge capabilities • Can have significant effects on the battlefield • Can give Russia a direct role in war’s direction • Can have significant political effects The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 8