5G mobile communications aims to provide ultra-fast data transmission rates over 50 Gbps, ubiquitous connectivity for over 80 billion devices, and end-to-end latency less than 5 ms. Key enabling technologies include new spectrum bands above 6 GHz, advanced antenna techniques like massive MIMO and beamforming, and new network architectures like software-defined networking. Recent research has demonstrated 7.5 Gbps peak data rates using 28 GHz spectrum and 1.2 Gbps speeds at highway speeds. Global research initiatives are underway to develop 5G standards and technologies for commercialization around 2020.

1. 5G Mobile Communications for 2020 and Beyond
‐ Vision and Key Enabling Technologies –
UK Spectrum Policy Forum – Cluster 1
Barry Lewis
Spectrum Management and Regulations
Samsung Research UK
December 2014

2. 2
Table of Contents

3. Mobile Trend
3
2010 2020
Year
Devices
12.5Bn
50Bn
2013 2018
Year
Bytes /Month
1.5EB
15.9EB
2013 2020
YearPercent
35%
70%
2013 2018
Year
Connections
7Bn
10.2Bn
[1] VNI Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast 2013‐2018, Cisco, 2014
[2] The Mobile Economy, GSMA, 2014
[3] Internet of Things, Cisco, 2013 EB (Exa Bytes) = 1,000,000 TB (Tera Bytes)
Mobile
Data Traffic[1]
Mobile
Cloud Traffic[2]
Mobile
Connections[1]
Things
Connected[3]

4. 4
Immersive
Experience
Lifelike media
everywhere
Ubiquitous
Connectivity
An intelligent web of
connected things
Everything
on Cloud
Desktop‐like experience
on the go
Telepresence
Real‐time remote control
of machines
5G Service Vision

5. 5
Lagging Cloud Service Instantaneous Cloud Service
[1] Signals Ahead, AT&T Drive Test Results and Report Preview, 2011
[2] The State of LTE, OpenSignal, 2014
[3] Seagate ST2000DM001 (2TB, 7200rpm
Cloud
Service
~ 20 min (Worldwide Avg.)
to download HD movie (1.2GB)
LTE Downlink
Performance[2]
World 7.5 Mbps
Korea 18.6 Mbps
America 6.5 Mbps
* Top 3 Cloud Service Provider measured in Suwon Office (2013)
Including connect time and response time
Cloud
Service
Latency : ~ 5 ms
~ 9.6 sec
to download HD movie (1.2GB)
Desktop
HDD[3]
Access Time 8.5 ms
Transfer Rate 1.2 Gbps
Latency : ~ 50 ms[1]
Requirements for Mobile Cloud Service
• E2E NW Latency < 5 ms
• Data Rate > 1.0 Gbps
As‐Is To‐Be
Everything on Cloud
Cloud Service
Initial Access Time*
Provider A 82 ms
Provider B 111 ms
Provider C 128 ms

6. 6
Immersive Experience
720p HD
12 users
User Experience
Loading Delay 1.6 sec*
LTE Cell Capacity
Cell Throughput 64 Mbps[1]
[1] 3GPP Submission Package for IMT‐Advanced, 3GPP Contribution RP‐090939
[2] https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/1722171?hl=en
[3] http://www.nhk.or.jp/strl/publica/rd/rd140/PDF/P12‐21.pdf
Required Bandwidth 720p HD[2] : 5 Mbps 8K UHD[3] : 85 Mbps
Hologram
AR / VR
8K UHD
> 100 users
* Assuming 720p HD, 1 sec buffering, E2E latency 50ms and TCP connection
AR : Augmented Reality
VR : Virtual Reality
Requirements for Immersive Service
• E2E NW Latency < 5 ms
• Cell Throughput > 10.0 Gbps
Limited High Quality Experience Constant Ultra High Quality Experience
As‐Is To‐Be

7. 7
Ubiquitous Connectivity
~
`
Personal
Human Centric, Limited Connections An intelligent web of connected things (IoT)
As‐Is To‐Be
Manufacturing
Retail
City, Transportation
Home

8. Telepresence
Control Center
Remote Surgery
Remote DrivingHazardous Work
8
Short Range, Limited Control Long Range, Real‐time Full Control
As‐Is To‐Be

9. 5G Vision & Key Requirements
9

10. 10
Comprehensive Requirements of “New IMT (5G)” in 7 Categories,
Dubbed as
100
Mobility
High
Future
IMT
1000
Peak Data Rate (Mbit/s)
10000101
Low
IMT‐2000
IMT‐Adv.
Enhanced
IMT‐Adv.
New radio local area
network (RLAN)
50000
ITU‐R WP5D/TEMP/390‐E
Overview

11. 11
Order of Magnitude Improvement in Peak Data Rate
Peak Data Rate > 50 Gbps
‘10‘00 ‘20‘07
50 Gbps
1 Gbps
Year
Data Rate
384 kbps[2]
75 Mbps[2]
6 Gbps[2]
14 Mbps[1]
1 Gbps[1]
50 Gbps[1]
More than x50 over 4G
[1] Theoretical Peak Data Rate
[2] Data Rate of First Commercial Products
Peak Data RateUltra Fast Data Transmission

12. 12
Uniform Experience of Gbps Speed and Instantaneous Response
QoE
BS Location
Cell Edge
QoE
BS Location
Uniform Experience
Regardless of User-location
1 Gbps Anywhere
Latency
Cell Edge
Data Rate
E2E Latency < 5 msec
Air Latency < 1 msec
10 ms
1 ms
5 ms
50 ms
E2E Latency
Air Latency
A Tenth of Air Latency
A Tenth of E2E Latency
Superior User Experience
10 ms

13. 10 Times More Simultaneous IoT Connections than 4G Simultaneous
Connection
Massive Connectivity
13
4 Billion
15 Billion
80 Billion
NumberofDevices
Year
Source : Internet of Things by IDATE, 2013
2010 2012 2020
~
Current
Future
Smart
Transportation
Smart Health
Smart City
Smart Retail
Smart
Manufacturing
Smart Home
`

14. 14
50 Times More Cost Effective than 4G
Time
Operator Revenue
Traffic Volume
( ∝Operator Cost )
CAPEX[1] OPEX[2]
[1] Radio Network Sharing – new paradigm for LTE, http://www.telecom‐cloud.net/radio‐network‐sharing‐the‐new‐paradigm
[2] Quest for margins: operational cost strategies for mobile operators in Europe, Capgemini Telecom & Media Insights, Issue 42
50 Times Higher
Bits/Cost
Building,
Rigging
(41%)
RAN
Equipment
(23%)
Network
Testing
(12%)
Etc.
(24%)
Site
Maintenance
(36%)
Personnel
Expenses
(28%)
Electricity
(15%)
Etc.
(12%)
Backhaul
Lease(9%)
Cost
Efficiency
Cost Effectiveness

15. Enabling Technologies : RAN & NW
15

16. Peak Data Rate
Cell Edge
Data Rate
Cell Spectral
Efficiency
Mobility
Cost Efficiency
Simultaneous
Connection
Latency
Peak Rate
50 Gbps
Peak Rate
1 Gbps
4G
frequencies
New higher
frequencies
Frequency band
Technology for
Above 6 GHz
Technology for
Above 6 GHz
Post‐OFDMPost‐OFDM
Advanced
MIMO & BF
Advanced
MIMO & BF
Filter‐Bank Multi‐Carrier
Half
‐wavelength
BF : Beamforming
Peak Data Rate
Increase
Peak Data Rate
Increase
Spectral Efficiency &
Cell Edge Enhancement
Spectral Efficiency &
Cell Edge Enhancement
Cell Capacity
Enhancement
Cell Capacity
Enhancement
16
Enabling Technologies ‐ RAN (1/2)
Disruptive RAN Technologies for Significant Performance Enhancements

17. Enhanced
D2D
Enhanced
D2D
Advanced
Small Cell
Advanced
Small Cell
Interference
Management
Interference
Management
Capacity & Cell Edge
Enhancement
Capacity & Cell Edge
Enhancement
Cell Edge Data Rate
Enhancement
Cell Edge Data Rate
Enhancement
17
Enhancing
areal spectral efficiency
Interference alignment
Areal Spectral Efficiency
Increase
Areal Spectral Efficiency
Increase
Peak Data Rate
Cell Edge
Data Rate
Cell Spectral
Efficiency
Mobility
Cost Efficiency
Simultaneous
Connection
Latency
D2D : Device‐to‐Device
No cell boundary
Increased
density
Wireless backhaul
Enabling Technologies ‐ RAN (2/2)
Disruptive RAN Technologies for Significant Performance Enhancements

18. 18
Flat NetworkFlat Network
Multi‐RAT
Interworking
Multi‐RAT
Interworking
Mobile SDNMobile SDN
Radio Capacity
Enhancement
Radio Capacity
Enhancement
Energy & Cost Efficiency
Increase
Energy & Cost Efficiency
Increase
E2E Latency
Reduction
E2E Latency
Reduction
4G
eNB 5G
BS
Wi-Fi
UE BS Switch
Central
Controller
Peak Data Rate
Cell Edge
Data Rate
Cell Spectral
Efficiency
Mobility
Cost Efficiency
Simultaneous
Connection
Latency
SDN : Software Defined Network
UE
BS ServerServer
Innovative Network Technologies for Enhanced User Experience and Cost Reduction
Enabling Technologies ‐ Network

19. Above 6 GHz (Mobile Service in the ITU‐R Radio Regulations)
< 1 GHz
[MHz]
410‐430, 470‐694/698,
694/698‐790[1]
1‐2 GHz
[MHz]
1300‐1400, 1427‐1518/1525/1527,
1695‐1700/1710
2‐3 GHz
[MHz]
2025‐2100, 2200‐2290,
2700‐3100
3‐5 GHz
[MHz]
3300‐3400, 3400‐3800(4200),
4400‐5000
5‐6 GHz
[MHz]
5150‐5925, 5850‐6425
Global Interest Bands for WRC‐15
MS : Mobile Service FSS : Fixed Satellite Service LMDS : Local Multipoint Distribution Service
FS : Fixed Service P‐P : Point to Point
Below 6 GHz
Where to find more than 500 MHz Contiguous Spectrum Globally
300 MHz 6 GHz
29.5
29.5 36 40.5
17.8 19.7
Primary MOBILE Co‐Primary
US : LMDS, FSS
EU : Fixed P‐P Link
FSS Earth Station
Korea : Maritime Use
US : Fixed P‐P System
EU : Fixed P‐P Link
Korea : Broadcasting Relay
Current Usage Current Usage
GHz
25.25 29.5 42.543.5
Region 1
Region 2
Region 3
[1] WRC‐15 AI 1.2 19
Wider Bandwidth for 5G
3131.3 36 40.5
25.25
25.25
3131.3
3131.3 36 40.5
17.8 19.7
17.8 19.7
MS, FS, FSSMS, FS, FSSMS, FS, FSSMS, FS, FSS
42.5
42.5
43.5
43.5

20. 20
Recent R&D Activity Above 6 GHz

21. 21
In‐Building
□ Similar to Indoor Shopping-Mall
- Five-story Building
- Spacious Atrium Lobby
□ Total 35 Rx Locations
- Both for LoS and NLoS
- Tx-Rx Distance : 10m ~ 55m
Campus Urban
□ Suburban Environments
- KAIST Outdoor Campus
- Tx Height 15 meters
□ Total 25 Rx Locations
- Mainly for NLoS
- Tx-Rx Distance : ~ 270m
□ Urban Environments
- Daejeon City
- Tx Height 15 meters
□ 11 Rx Locations
- Mainly for NLoS
- Tx-Rx Distance : ~ 200m
Tx
Tx
Three Types of Environments : In‐Building, Campus, and Urban at 28GHz
Channel Measurements (1/2)

22. 22
Peak Data Rate
7.5Gbps
Peak Data Rate
7.5Gbps
5G Mobility Test
1.2Gbps @110km/h
5G Mobility Test
1.2Gbps @110km/h
World’s First 5G Data Transmission at Highway Speeds (Oct, 2014)
Record‐breaking 1.2Gbps data transmission at over 100km/h, and 7.5Gbps in stationary conditions using 28GHz spectrum
mmWave Testbed ‐ Recent Updates
[1] “Samsung Electronics Sets 5G Speed Record at 7.5Gbps, Over 30 Times Faster Than 4G LTE”, Samsung Tomorrow, 15 Oct 2014. (http://global.samsungtomorrow.com/?p=43349)

23. 23
Negligible Area
for Antennas
In Edges
16 Element Array
16 Element Array
< 0.2 mm
Measurement Results“Zero Area” Design
32 Elements Implemented on Mobile Device with “Zero Area” and 360o Coverage
Device Feasibility ‐ Antenna Implementation for Devices

24. 24
‐ 16 BSs
‐ 30m above Rooftop
‐ 16 BSs
‐ 10m above Ground
‐ 10 BSs
‐ Mixed Heights of Scenario 1 & 2
TX
RX
Scenario 1
Scenario 2
Optimization
Real City (Ottawa) BS Deployment Scenarios Ray‐Tracing
Ray‐Tracing in Real City Modeling with Various Multi‐Cell BS Deployment Scenarios
Multi‐Cell Analysis ‐ Coverage (1/2)
Exemplary Scenery
In Scenario 1
Exemplary Scenery
In Scenario 2
ISD : About 200m

25. 25
Simulations are Based on Ray‐Tracing in 28 GHz for Multi‐Cell Deployment Scenario
Total of 10 Small Cell BSs to Provide Coverage of 928 m x 586 m within a Dense Urban City
At least 4 Gbps User Throughput Expected Using 1 GHz Bandwidth
Simulated User Experience
Samsung DMC R&D Center, “5G mmWave communications,” YouTube, 21 April 2014.
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6dABJBJ4XQ)

26. Global R&D Activities & Timelines
26

27. 27
Global R&D Activities
Current Global 5G Research Initiatives and Samsung’s Active Engagements
5G Forum Executive Board Member
Member of Giga KOREA Project
5G PPP Association
(Full Member)
Project Leads
5GIC Founding Member
NYU Wireless Center
(Board Member)
IMT-2020 Promotion Group
Member of Future Forum
Contributor to 863 Project
5GMF
(5G Mobile Promotion Forum)

28. 28
EVAL. Meth. : Evaluation Methodology Req. : Requirement
EVAL. : Evaluation Dvlp. of Rec. : Development of Recommendation
Standards in 3GPP, spectrum allocation in WRC‐19, ITU approval in 2020
5G Standards
20152014 20172016 20192018 2020
3GPP
WRC WRC‐19WRC‐15
Rel‐13 Rel‐14 Rel‐15 Rel‐16
ITU‐R Vision EVAL. Meth., Req. Proposal EVAL. Dvlp. of
Rec.
“IMT for 2020 and beyond”
WRC : World Radiocommunications Conferences
ITU‐R : International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector
Expected 5G Timelines
Initial 5G Commercialization

29. Copyright © 2014 Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. All rights reserved. Samsung is a registered trademark of Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. Specifications and designs are subject to change without notice. Non‐metric weights and measurements are
approximate. All data were deemed correct at time of creation. Samsung is not liable for errors or omissions. All brand, product, service names and logos are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective owners and are hereby
recognized and acknowledged.
Thank You

30. [1] “Samsung Announces World’s First 5G mm‐ Wave Mobile Technology”, Samsung Tomorrow, 13 May 2013. (http://global.samsungtomorrow.com/?p=24093)
[2] Wonil Roh, “Performances and Feasibility of mmWave Beamforming Prototype for 5G Cellular Communications,” ICC 2013 Invited Talk, Jun. 2013.
(http://www.ieee‐icc.org/2013/ICC%202013_ mmWave%20Invited%20Talk_Roh.pdf)
[3] “Samsung’s Vision of 5G Wireless,” IEEE Spectrum for the Technology Insider, Jul. 2013. (http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp. jsp?arnumber=06545095)
[4] Z. Pi and F. Khan, “An introduction to millimeter‐wave mobile broadband systems,” IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 101–107, Jun. 2011.
[5] T. Kim, J. Park, J. Seol, S. Jeong, J. Cho, and W. Roh, “Tens of Gbps support with mmWave beamforming systems for next generation communications,” IEEE Global Telecomm. Conf.
(GLOBECOM’13), Dec. 2013.
[6] “The 5G phone future: Samsung’s millimeter‐wave transceiver technology could enable ultrafast mobile broadband by 2020,” IEEE Spectrum, vol. 50, pp. 11–12, Jul. 2013.
[7] T. Rappaport, S. Sun, R. Mayzus, H. Zhao, Y. Azar, K. Wang,G. Wong, J. Schulz, M. Samimi, and F. Gutierrez, “Millimeter wave mobile communications for 5G cellular: It will work!”
IEEE Access, vol. 1, pp. 335–349, May 2013.
[8] Azar, Y., Wong, G. N., Wang, K., Mayzus, R., Schulz, J. K., Zhao, H., Gutierrez, F., Hwang, D., Rappaport, T. S., ”28 GHz Propagation Measurements for Outdoor Cellular
Communications Using Steerable Beam Antennas in New York City,” Published in the 2013 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), June 9 ~13, 2013.
[9] S. Hong, M. Sagong, and C. Lim, “FQAM : A Modulation Scheme for Beyond 4G Cellular Wireless Communication Systems,” IEEE Global Telecomm.Conf. (GLOBECOM’13) Workshop,
Dec. 2013.
[10] Wonil Roh, et al., "Millimeter‐Wave Beamforming as an Enabling Technology for 5G Cellular Communications: Theoretical Feasibility and Prototype Results,” IEEE Communications
Magazine, Feb. 2014.
[11] Wonil Roh, “5G Mobile Communications for 2020 and Beyond ‐ Vision and Key Enabling Technologies,” IEEE WCNC 2014 Keynote, Apr. 2014.
[12] Kyungwhoon Cheun, “5G Mobile Communications for 2020 and Beyond ‐ Vision and Key Enabling Technologies,” IEEE VTC 2014 Spring Keynote, May. 2014.
[13] Ji‐Yun Seol, “5G Mobile Communications for 2020 and Beyond ‐ Vision and Key Enabling Technologies,” IEEE ICC 2014 5G Workshop Panel Talk, Jun. 2014.
[14] Wonbin Hong, et al., “Study and Prototyping of Practical Large Scale mmWave Antenna System for 5G Cellular Devices,” IEEE Commun. Mag., vol.52, pp. 63‐69, Sep. 2014.
[15] S. Hong, et al., “Frequency and Quadrature‐Amplitude Modulation for Downlink Cellular OFDMA Networks,” IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS (JSAC), vol.
32, no. 6, Jun. 2014.
[16] Theodore S. Rappaport, Wonil Roh & Kyungwhoon Cheun, “Mobile Millimeter‐Wave Makeover”, pp. 34‐58, Sep. 2014
[17] “Samsung Electronics Sets 5G Speed Record at 7.5Gbps, Over 30 Times Faster Than 4G LTE”, Samsung Tomorrow, 15 Oct 2014. (http://global.samsungtomorrow.com/?p=43349)
[18] Alper Yegin, et al., “Terminal‐centric Distribution and Orchestration of IP Mobility for 5G Networks,” IEEE Commun. Mag., Nov. 2014, to be published.
[19] Cheol Jeong, et al., “Random access in millimeter‐wave beamforming cellular networks: Issues and approaches,” IEEE Commun. Mag., Jan. 2015, to be published.
References