1. 1Progress in Finnal Revision By SM : Nassif El-Segahy
1- The Situations
Situation اﻟﻤﻮﻗﻒ Agree- Accept –Approval ﻣﻮاﻓﻘﻪ Refuse-disagree-decline-opposeرﻓﺾ
1-Suggestion: Let'sﻣﺼﺪر ………
WhatHow about + v + ing…...?
- It's a good idea.
- All right/That sounds good.
-I am not very keen.
-I'd like to but I 'd ratherﻣﺼﺪر
2-Offer ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﻋﺮض Can I help you? -Yes, please , that is kind of you No, thank you.
3-Request = ask. ﺷﺨﺺ to ﺗﻄﻠﺐ أﻧﺖ
-Could I you ,…اﻟﻤﺼﺪرplease ?
You are asked toﻣﺼﺪر ﻣﻨﻚ ﻃﻠﺐ *
-With pleasure/ Yes , of course
-I'd love to but I can't.
-I'm sorry, I can't.I am busy
- Would you mind + v + ing.....? -No, I wouldn’t mind . ( ﻣﻮاﻓﻘﺔ ) Yes, of course I would رﻓﺾ
5-Invitation اﻟﺪﻋﻮة
-May I invite you to ?…اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ
- I would love to.
- With pleasure. OK
-I'd like to but I can't.
-I have other things to do.
6-Direction اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺴﺆال Giving information ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﻪ اﻋﻄﺎء Expressing ignorance اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﻋﺪم
Excuse me, how can I go to ﻣﻜﺎن …? - Go ahead, and then turn left. -I am sorry, I have no idea.
7-Opinion اﻟﺮأى ﻋﻦ اﻟﺴﺆال Agreeing with an opinion Disagreeing with an opinion
-What's your opinion of….? I)completely(agree. -I do not think so. It is اﻟﺼﻔﻪ ﻋﻜﺲ
8-Apology اﻷﻋﺘﺬار Accept forgiveness اﻟﺴﻤﺎح اﻟﻌﻔﻮ Not accepting Blaming اﻟﻠﻮم
I'm sorry./ I'd rather not ﻣﺼﺪر Never mind / Don't worry -Oh !no .I blame you for(not) v+ing
9-Advice: You should +ﻣﺼﺪر اﻋﻄﺎء
اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔWhat should I do ? ﻧﺼﻴﺤﻪ ﻃﻠﺐ
10-Advice reply : اﻟﻨﺼﻴﺤﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮد
-Yes, you are right. I will try that.
11-Congratulation ﺗﻬﻨﺌﺔ
-Congratulations / Well done
12- Doubtﺷــﻚ Uncertainty
-May be./In my opinion it is…
13-Good wishes ﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ أﻣﻨﻴﺎت
I hope you speedy recovery.
14-Good(bad)news(sympathy اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻃﻒ
-What good (bad) news!/ I am sorry
15- Introduction ﻣﺮة ﻷول ﺷﺨﺺ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ
-This is my friendاﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ اﺳﻢ
16-Wishesambition اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻓﻰ أﻣﻨﻴﻪ
- My ambition is to be اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﻪ
17-Giving a thing ﻟﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻴﺊ اﻋﻄﺎء
- OK, here you are.
18-Greeting (ﺮةﻣ ﻷول ﻪ*)اﻟﺘﺤﻴ How do
you do? * I am pleased to meet you.
19-Thankig :اﻟﺸﻜﺮ Thank you
Not not at all Don't mention it
20 -Cheking / making sure ﺗﺎآﻴﺪ
- You like…, don't you ? ﻣﺰﻳﻞ ﺳﺆال
21-Making deduction/ sure اﻷﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج
ﻓﺎﻋﻞ must be../ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ must have +PP…
22-impression اﻻﻧﻄﺒﺎع
-What's your impression about …?
23- unexpected meeting ﺗﻮﻗﻊ دون ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ
What a surprise!/Fancy meeting you!
24-Asking for permission اذن ﻃﻠﺐ Giving Permission اذن اﻋﻄﺎء Refusing permission اﻷذن رﻓﺾ
-May I ,.…ﻣﺼﺪرPlease ? - Certainly. Of course, you can. -Sorry, you can't. I am afraid
25-Expressing Interest How interesting! Is that right? Expressing Surprise Really? / Good Heavens!
26-Asking for information ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻋﻦ اﻟﺴﺆال
Excuse me, could I ask you some questions about..?
Giving information ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت إﻋﻄﺎء
Yes, of course. / Yes, certainly./ Yes, that's fine.
27-Asking for an explanation Can you explain
why…?/How on earth…?/Could you tell me how/why…?
Giving an explanation ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ اﻋﻄﺎء
Let me explain….. I'll explain that to you……….
28-Wishes اﻷﻣﻨﻴﺎت I wish + ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + could/ would + ﻣﺼﺪر
I wish I had+ p.p ……… My goal is to + ﻣﺼﺪر
Regretsاﻟﻨﺪم disappointed اﻷﻣﻞ ﺧﻴﺒﺔ I am sorry that
…/I am disappointed that …. I regret + v + ing …
29-Likes اﻟﺤﺐ I am a big fan of ﺑـ ﻣﻌﺠﺐ I prefer/
love… I am fond of … I am mad ( crazy) about
Dislikes اﻟﻜﺮاهﻴﺔ I am not keen on .. I don't enjoy
… I can't stand…………… ( )ﻻأﻃﻴﻖ
30-Asking for reasonsاﻟﺴﺒﺐ Can you tell me why + ﻓﻌﻞ ...
?..ﻓﺎﻋﻞ What is the reason for ..? What is the cause of…?
Persuation اﻷﻗﻨﺎع Why don't you..? I think you should..
31-Intention Planning وﺗﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﻧﻴﺔ I am going to ﻣﺼﺪر
Arrangementsﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ I am + v + ing ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻣﻀﺎرع ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم
Predictionﺗﻨﺒﺆ I think I will / ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ v to be + going to
32-Give warningاﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ Be careful or you willﻣﺼﺪر …..
Don't ﻣﺼﺪر …..Watch out! Beware ! …… اﺣﺬر
Respond to Warning اﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮد It is OK . Why
not ?- Don't worry I will take care. Thank you.
33-Interview QuestionsDo you have (a driving licence)?
/Could you tell me why you want to work for us?
Answers Yes, I do./ As I have the right qualifications
for this job.
34-Planning Prediction ﻓﺎﻋﻞ am, is ,are + going to ﻣﺼﺪر 35-You ask if / whether … ﺑﻬﻞ ﺳﻮال ﻧﺴﺄل
35-Instructions اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎت Can you show me how to....?
How can I operate…? / How does (this…) work?
Giving Instructions : First ….., then……….
First, switch it on, then press the red button
Nassif:the speakers and the functions By,The Places-2
places اﻷﻣﺎآﻦ speakers اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺛﻴﻦ Functions اﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ
company/ office ﻣﻜﺘﺐ-ﺷﺮآﻪ the interviewer applicant offering help ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪة ﻋﺮض
clothes shop ﻣﻼﺑﺲ ﻣﺤﻞ a shop assistant a customer request ﻃﻠﺐ
a sports club رﻳﺎﺿﻰ ﻧﺎدى member/ trainer secretary inquiry اﺳﺘﻔﺴﺎر
library ﻟﻠﻘﺮاءة ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ librarian student invitation دﻋﻮة
radio / Tv studio اﻟﺮادﻳﻮ اﺳﺘﻴﺪﻳﻮ presenter/astronaut guest ( )وﻇﻴﻔﺔ suggestion اﻗﺘﺮاح
street /police station ﻣﺮآﺰ Policeman / driver reporter ﻣﺒﻠﻎ giving orders أﻣﺮ اﻋﻄﺎء
2. 2Progress in Finnal Revision By SM : Nassif El-Segahy
hotel ﻓﻨﺪق receptionist resident/client blaming ﻟﻮم
computer centre آﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﺮآﺰ programmer customer warning ﺗﺤﺬﻳﺮ
plane ﻃﺎﺋﺮة air hostess passenger greetings ﺗﺤﻴﺎت
hospitalclinic ﻣﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ-ﻋﻴﺎدة a doctor a patient asking for opinion اﻟﺮأئ ﻋﻦ ﺳﺆال
a home/ kitchen ﻣﻨﺰل mother/ father/host son/daughter giving opinion رأئ اﻋﻄﺎء
zoo/ park ﺣﻴﻮان ﺣﺪﻳﻘﻪ visitor keeper introducing people أﺷﺨﺎص ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ
stationery shop ﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﻪاﻟﻜﺘﺐ customer salesman wishes / hopes اﻣﺎﻧﻰأﻣﺎل
street taxi ﺷﺎرع–ﺗﺎآﺴﻰ passenger taxi driver giving advice ﻧﺼﻴﺤﺔ اﻋﻄﺎء
pharmacy / chemist's ﺻﻴﺪﻟﻴﺔ chemist client accepting / agreeing ﻗﺒﻮلﻣﻮاﻓﻘﺔ
café / restaurant ﻣﻘﻬﻰﻣﻄﻌﻢ waiter client refusing / disagreeing ﻗﺒﻮل ﻋﺪمرﻓﺾ
company / firm ﺷﺮآﻪ a visitor/ manager a secretary deduction اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج
school / class room / lab ﻣﺪرﺳﻪ a student a teacher taking permission أﻳﺄاذن ﺧﺬ
travel agency ﻣﻜﺘﺐ)وآﺎﻟﻪ(ﺳﻔﺮ a travel agent a traveller making an apology اﻋﺘﺰار
airport/ customs ﻣﻄﺎرﺟﻤﺮك airport employee a traveller approval#dis approval اﺳﺘﺤﺴﺎنﻋﺪم
a clinic dentist's اﺳﻨﺎن ﻋﻴﺎدﻩ dentist patient expressing regret اﻟﻨﺪم ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ
a coach bus ﺳﻴﺎﺣﻰ أﺗﻮﺑﻴﺲ tour guide tourist giving instructions ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎت اﻋﻄﺎء
train / bus ﻗﻄﺎر conductor passenger forgiving اﻟﻌﻔﻮاﻟﺼﻔﺢ
ambulance اﺳﻌﺎف ﺳﻴﺎرة patient paramedic uncertainty / guessing اﻟﺘﺄآﻴﺪ ﻋﺪمﺗﺨﻤﻴﻦ
museum / site ﻣﺘﺤﻒ tour guide a tourist recommendations ﺗﻮﺻﻴﺎت–ﻣﺪح
maintenance center ﺻﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﺮآﺰ technician customer giving information ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻋﻄﺎء
playground اﻟﻤﻠﻌﺐ أرض referee player thanking gratitude اﻟﺸﻜﺮاﻣﺘﻨﺎن
barber's shop ﺣﻼﻗﺔ ﻣﺤﻞ barber client congratulation / joy ﺗﻬﻨﺌﺔﻓﺮﺣﺔ
cinema / theater ﺳﻴﻨﻤﺎ usher / employee an audience Sympathy / sorrow ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻒﺣﺰن
beach اﻟﺸﺎﻃﺊ father/ mother son/ daughter expressing fear /worry ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮاﻟﺨﻮفﻗﻠﻖ
bank ﺑﻨﻚ customer /tourist a bank clerk surprise / interest اﻟﺪهﺸﺔاﻷهﺘﻤﺎم
court/ lawyer's ﻣﺤﻜﻤﺔ judge / lawyer accused man askig questions أﺳﺌﻠﺔ
Alien's اﻷﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻤﺪ ﻣﻜﺘﺐ visitor/foreigner emplyee giving answers اﺟﺎﺑﺎت اﻋﻄﺎء
Unit ( 1)
examine (a patient,damage, picture) ﻳﻔﺤﺺ gravity (falling on the ground) (zero) ﺟﺎذﺑﻴﺔ/ﺧﻄﻮرة
launch (a rocket , a new ship ,a sat) ﻳﻄﻠﻖ/اﻃﻼق gymnastics (do) اﻟﺠﻤﺒﺎز أﻟﻌﺎب
leak (tap , gas tube, cup,tank ,pipe) رﺷﺢ/ﺗﺴﺮب side effects / look down ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ ﺁﺛﺎرﻳﺤﺘﻘﺮ–أﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﻰ ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
mission = task ( space invasion) ﻣﻬﻤﺔ/ﺑﻌﺜﺔ/ﻣﺄﻣﻮرﻳﺔ spin / spun (v) ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﻳﺪور)ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺣﻮل(
secret (password) ﺳﺮ/ﺳﺮى spoke (wheel – bike – bicycle ) اﻟﻌﺠﻠﺔ ﺳﻠﻚ
system ( sat-nav اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻪ control ﻧﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻈﺎم ) ﻧﻈﺎم distance (from..tobetween) ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ/ﺑﻌﺪ
currently ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎ/اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻰ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻓﻰ weightless (difficult to stand still) اﻟﻮزن ﻋﺪﻳﻢ
location (new) ( map) ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ weightlessness / (do)space walk اﻟﻮزن اﻧﻌﺪام
space shuttle (launch)( exploration) ﻓﻀﺎء ﻣﻜﻮك orbit (the earth) ﺣﻮل ﻳﺪور)ﺷﻴﺊأﺧﺮ(
magical feeling / astronaut ﺳﺤﺮى ﺷﻌﻮرﻓﻀﺎء راﺋﺪ the anniversary of اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﻪ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺬآﺮى
Unit ( 2)
classics ()ﻣﻔﺮد ﻋﻠﻢاﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﺮوﻣﺎﻧﻰ و اﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻰ اﻻدب دراﺳﺔ coronation ( the king ,queen) ﺗﺘﻮﻳﺞ
couple ( people married minutes days) زوﺟﺎن alike / put …down ﻣﺘﺸﺎﺑﻬﺎنﺷﺄن ﻣﻦ ﻳﻘﻠﻞ-ﻳﺤﻘﺮ
debate (organized discussion) ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ/ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮة/ﻳﻨﺎﻗﺶ attend (school –coronation - occasion ) ﻳﺤﻀﺮ
escapism (read ) اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻬﺮوب castle ( protect from any attack ) ﻗﻠﻌﺔ
fictional story ﺧﻴﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻗﺼﺔ v to have + the right to ( vote) ﻟﻪﻓﻰ اﻟﺤﻖ
publication (novel,book) ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺔ/ﻧﺸﺮ occasion / on December 3 ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔﻓﻰ٣دﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ
well- educated ( v to be) اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻴﺪ ﻗﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ wealthy = rich ﻏﻨﻰ-ﺛﺮى
make regular visits to ﻳﻟـ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ ﺑﺰﻳﺎرات ﻘﻮم No, not in the least اﻷﻃﻼق ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻻ
do (something) as planned ﻣﺨﻄﻂ هﻮ آﻤﺎ ﺷﻴﺊ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ argument (have) ﻣﺠﺎدﻟﺔ
Unit ( 3)
liquid (water) ﺳﺎﺋﻞ coal ( black) / split ( atomic ) اﻟﻔﺤﻢاﻧﺸﻄﺎر)زرى(
molten (rock, metal) ﻣﻨﺼﻬﺮ atom/ atomic /nuclear اﻟﺬرةذرىﻧﻮوى
pipe / v to be + piped أﻧﺒﻮﺑﺔ/ﺑﺎﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﻳﻨﻘﻞ fossil fuels(oil,coal,gas) اﻟﺤﻔﺮﻳﺎت وﻗﻮد
power station ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺤﻄﺔ generate (electricity) ﻳﻮﻟﺪ
pressure ( under – put) ﺿﻐﻂ generation / blades ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ-ﺟﻴﻞﺷﻔﺮة–ﻣﺮوﺣﺔ رﻳﺶ
geothermal (heat in the earth ) أرﺿﻰ ﺣﺮارى hydroelectric power ( water) آﻬﺮوﻣﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ
renewable (air ,water,wind) ﻣﺘﺠﺪد waste ( bury ﻳﺪﻓﻦ ) ( damage) ﻧﻔﺎﻳﺎت/ﻓﻀﻼت
non-renewable (oil,coal,gas) ﻣﺘﺠﺪد ﻏﻴﺮ wind turbines (tower) اﻟﺮﻳﺎح ﺑﻘﻮة ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﺤﺮك
to be +captured (energy) ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻮذ-ﻋﻠﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﻮﻟﻰ rather than / other than ﻣﻦ أﻓﻀﻞﺑﺨﻼف
Review A
a smart car ( with the internet) زآﻴﻪ ﺳﻴﺎرﻩ a device / It doesn't matter ﺟﻬﺎز-اﺑﺘﻜﺎر–اﺧﺘﺮاعﻻﻳﻬﻤﻚ
3. 3Progress in Finnal Revision By SM : Nassif El-Segahy
go wrong put right = do repairs ﻳﺘﻌﻄﻞﻳﺼﻠﺢ sat-nav system اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻤﺮ اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻪ ﻧﻈﺎم
get to a destination ﺳﻔﺮك ﻣﻘﺼﺪ اﻟﻰ ﺗﺼﻞ the main purpose of ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﻳﺴﻰ اﻟﻐﺮض
wave farm اﻟﺮﻳﺎح ﻣﺤﻄﻪ)ﻃﺎﻗﻪ ﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ( a survey (do) the motorway اﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﻪاﻟﺴﺮﻳﻊ اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ
the slower...,the fewer…. آﻠﻤﺎ...آﻠﻤﺎ...... sugar cane اﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﻗﺼﺐ
hardly any = almost no ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎد-ﻧﺎدرا the sea bed اﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻗﺎعاﻟﺒﺤﺮ ارﺿﻴﻪ
spare parts ﻏﻴﺎر ﻗﻄﻊ)اﻟﺴﻴﺎرات( dashboard ﺗﺎﺑﻠﻮاﻟﺴﻴﺎرﻩ
Unit ( 4)
competition (writing- reading -trade) ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ/ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺴﺔ develop / style (easy – life ) ﻳﻄﻮر-ﻳﻨﻤﻰأﺳﻠﻮب
old-fashioned (clothes, typewriter) ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺔ ﻣﻮﺿﺔ district (in .. / of ﻣﺪﻳﻨﻪ اﺳﻢ ) ﻣﺪﻳﻨﻪ ﻓﻰ ﺣﻰ
routine (daily , fixed ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ) ﺷﺨﺼﻰ روﺗﻴﻦ establish ( him) ﻟﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﻨﺸﺄ-ﻳﺆﺳﺲ-ﻳﺜﺒﺖ-ﻳﺮﺳﺦ
attachments ( e -mails) ﻣﺮﻓﻘﺎت)اﻷﻳﻤﻴﻞ( law / prize / at midday ﻗﺎﻧﻮنﺟﺎﺋﺰةاﻟﻴﻮم ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﻓﻰ
publisher / custom ﻧﺎﺷﺮﻋﺎدة)ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ( pioneer ( one of the )/ custom راﺋﺪﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻋﺎدة
daily , weekly routine ﻳﻮﻣﻰ روﺗﻴﻦ-اﺳﺒﻮﻋﻰ average of / diplomat ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂدﺑﻠﻮﻣﺎﺳﻰ
v to be + made into a film ﻓﻴﻠﻢ اﻟﻰ ﻳﺘﺤﻮل literature ( English – Arabic ) اﻷدب
confused confusing ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻚارﺗﺒﺎك career (long) (working) اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﺤﻴﺎة–ﻃﻮﻳﻠﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻓﺘﺮﻩ
Unit ( 5)
amnesia ( not remembering) اﻟﺬاآﺮة ﻓﻘﺪان identity (card)/ identify اﻟﻬﻮﻳﺔهﻮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺘﻌﺮف
excavate excavation ﻳﻨﻘﺐ-ﻳﺤﻔﺮاﻵﺛﺎر ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﻨﻘﻴﺐ innocent # guilty/ set free =release ﺑﺮئ#ﻣﺬﻧﺐﺳﺮاح ﻳﻄﻠﻖ
mousetrap (catch a mouse ) ﻓﺌﺮان ﻣﺼﻴﺪة invade/invasion(war)/secret agent ﻳﻐﺰوﻏﺰوﺳﺮى ﻋﻤﻴﻞ
crime / develop ﺟﺮﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻳﻤﻪ)ﻧﻜﺮة ﺑﺪون(ﻳﻄﻮر spy / spy on (betray home) ﺟﺎﺳﻮسﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺘﺤﺴﺲ)وﻃﻦ ﻳﺨﻮن(
shy (about) (shyness )اﻟﺨﺠﻞ / leader ﺧﺠﻮلﺑﻄﺒﻌﺔﻗﺎﺋﺪ suspect ( the main …) ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺸﺘﺒﻪ ﺷﺨﺺ/ﻳﺸﻚﻓﻰ
headquarters اﻟﻘﻴﺎدة ﻣﺮآﺰ/اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻰ اﻟﻤﻘﺮ transmitter / transmit ا ﺟﻬﺎزرﺳﺎلﻳﺮﺳﻞ-ﻳﺒﺚ
commit/do + (a crime of murder)ﻗﺘﻞ ﺟﺮﻳﻤﻪ ﻳﺮﺗﻜﺐ running play/without break ﻣﻌﺮوﺿﺔ ﻣﺴﺮﺣﻴﺔراﺣﺔ ﺑﺪون
instead of (اﺳﻢinstead )ﻓﻌﻞ+ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺪﻻ)ذاﻟﻚ( poison (kill)/poisonous /at the age of ﺳﻢﺳﺎمﺳﻦ ﻓﻰ
perform ﻳﻤﺜﻞ)ﻣﺴﺮﺣﻴﺔ–ﻓﻴﻠﻢ(-ﻳﺠﺮى-ﻳﺆدى crime fiction /invent (style) اﻟﺨﻴﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺠﺮاﺋﻢ ﻗﺼﺺﻳﺆﻟﻒ
Unit (6)
Review B
evergreen trees اﻟﺨﻀﺮﻩ داﺋﻢ ﺷﺠﺮ found the story confusing اﻟﻘﺼﻪ اﻓﻬﻢ ﻟﻢ
deciduous trees اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻒ ﻓﻰ ورﻗﻪ ﻳﻔﻘﺪ ﺷﺠﺮ do a survey اﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﻪ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ
have a good reason to ﻟـ ﺟﻴﺪ ﻣﺒﺮر ﻋﻨﺪﻩ like best / mak up about اﺣﺴﻦ ﻳﺤﺐﺣﻮاﻟﻰ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ
put down roots = live for a long time ﻳﺴﺘﻘﺮ look right(for that part اﻟﺠﺰء ) ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻳﺒﺪو
Unit ( 7 )
commuter/ commut ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮاﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻦ و اﻟﻰ ﻳﺴﺎﻓﺮ carve (sculpture) /rays ( rising sun ﻣﺸﺮﻗﺔ ) ﻳﻨﺤﺖأﺷﻌﺔ
diameter (of the tunnel ) داﺋﺮة ﻗﻄﺮ)اﻟﻨﻔﻖ( cliff / base ( concret) ﻣﺻﺨﺮى ﻨﺤﺪرﻗﺎﻋﺪة
engineering (works) اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ illuminate ( the statues) ﻳﻨﻴﺮ/ﻳﻀﺊ
investment (education) (bank) اﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر monument / cut into اﺛﺮﻳﻘﻄﻊ
invest / investor ﺑﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﻣﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮ v to be + positioned (sphinx)(plant) ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻜﺎن ﻓﻰ ﻳﻮﺿﻊ
massive ( piece ) / raise ﺿﺨﻢ-هﺎﺋﻞﻳﺮﻓﻊ-ﻳﺮﺑﻰ unthinkable ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮ وارد ﻏﻴﺮ/ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻴﻞ
reach a length of / rise اﻟﻰ ﻃﻮﻟﻪ ﻳﺼﻞﻳﺸﺮق–ﻳﺮﺗﻔﻊ keep ..out = prevent …from ﻳﺒﻌﺪ–ﻳﻤﻨﻊ
Unit ( 8)
admit admition ﻳﻌﺘﺮف-ﻳﻘﺮاﻋﺘﺮاف blackmail / colleague ﻳﺒﺘﺰ-اﺑﺘﺰازواﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ زﻣﻴﻞ
biography أﺧﺮ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺣﻴﺎة ﺳﻴﺮة human nature اﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ
knock on ( the door) ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻄﺮق/ﻃﺮﻗﺔ commit ( do ) / a crime ﻳﺮﺗﻜﺐﺟﺮﻳﻤﺔ
permanently/profession(teaching) ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻤﺮارﻣﻬﻨﺔ respectable / personality ﻣﺤﺘﺮمﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ
recuperate / recuperation ﻣﺮض ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻓﻰ-ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻢ in conflict / appearance ﺻﺮاع ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻓﻰﻣﻈﻬﺮ
will (legal document- wealth – after death) وﺻﻴﺔ the result of the experiment اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ
Unit ( 9 )
geyser ( hot water) ﺣﺎر ﻣﺎء ﻧﺒﻊ/ﺳﺎﺧﻦ ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻴﻦ cause of = reason for rainfall ﺳﺒﺐاﻻﻣﻄﺎر ﺳﻘﻮط
volcano(erupt) lightning(see-eyes) ﺑﺮآﺎناﻟﺒﺮق drought (lake of water / no rain) اﻟﺠﻔﺎف
bark (outer cover of the tree) ﻗﺸﺮةﺧﺎرﺟﻴﺔ-اﻟﻠﺤﺎء products / in width ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎتﻋﺮض-اﺗﺴﺎع
harden / widen / sharpen ﻳﻨﺸﻒ-ﺻﻠﺒﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻪﻳﻮﺳﻊﻳﺴﻦ rubber (tyres) ﻣﻄﺎط
calculate (the age of ) /count( the rings ) ﻳﺤﺴﺐﻳﻌﺪ ring (annual)(wider,flood)(narrower,dry) ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ
extract / point down ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺮج–ﻳﺴﺘﺨﻠﺺﻷﺳﻔﻞ ﺗﻨﺤﻨﻰ toothpaste / tube / brush أﺳﻨﺎن ﻣﻌﺠﻮنأﻧﺒﻮﺑﺔاﻟﻔﺮﺷﺔ
cardboard (box)(stiff paper) ﻣﻘﻮى ورق/آﺮﺗﻮن turpentine(remove paintدهﺎن )ﻳﺰﻳﻞ اﻟﺸﺠﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺮج زﻳﺖ
leaf - leaves / branch ورﻗﻪ-اﻟﺸﺠﺮ أوراقﺷﺠﺮﻩ ﻓﺮع instrument (musical) أداة)ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺔ–ﻃﺒﻴﺔ(
a set of instructions ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔاﻟ ﻣﻦﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎت fruit ( seeds )ﺑﺰور ﺛﻤﺮة–ﻓﺎآﻬﻪ
breathe (in # out) / breath ﻳﺘﻨﻔﺲاﻟﻨﻔﺲ keep ﺷﻴﺊ away from ﻋﻦ ﺷﻴﺊ ﻳﺒﻌﺪ
sap ( liquid) ( carries food ) اﻟﻨﺒﺎت ﻋﺼﺎرة roots (under ground -find water) اﻟﺸﺠﺮﻩ ﺟﺰور
fall over in the wind ﻳﺴﻘﻂﻳﺘﻤﺎﻳﻞاﻟﺮﻳﺎح هﺒﻮب أﺛﻨﺎء tubes ( transport water) أﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ)اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺗﻨﻘﻞ(
4. 4Progress in Finnal Revision By SM : Nassif El-Segahy
thunder (hear – ears) اﻟﺮﻋﺪ northern / southern اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔاﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ
eclipse ( solar – lunar) آﺴﻮف/ﺧﺴﻮف occur (accident ) / occurance ﻳﺤﺪث-ﻳﻘﻊﺣﺪوث
harmful to (skin / sight) ﺿﺎرﻟـ)اﻟﺠﻠﺪ–اﻟﻨﻈﺮ( phenomenon/ phenomena ﻇﺎهﺮةﻇﻮاهﺮ
ultraviolet rays (harmful) ﺑﻨﻔﺴﺠﻴﺔ ﻓﻮق أﺷﻌﺔ shadow ( the moon) ﺧﻴﺎل–ﻇﻞ)اﻟﻘﻤﺮ(اﻟﺨﺴﻮف ﻋﻨﺪ
electrical (storm) (light) آﻬﺮﺑﻰ absorb = take in / storm chaser ﻳﻤﺘﺺﻟﻠﻌﻮاﺻﻒ ﻣﻄﺎرد
look directly ( = straight ) at the sun اﻟﻰ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة ﻳﻨﻈﺮ wear glasses ( protect sight) ﻧﻈﺎرة ﻳﺮﺗﺪى
Review C
a block of (wood -flats) ﻣﻦ آﺘﻠﻪ-ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜﻨﻴﻪ وﺣﺪﻩ structures / exploration ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻰاﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎف
sight ( damage) ﻧﻈﺮ–رؤﻳﻪ–ﺑﺼﺮ solid ( ice) # liquid (water) ﺻﻠﺐ#ﺳﺎﺋﻞ
damage (to )(do) / the result of ﺗﻠﻒ–ﻳﺘﻠﻒﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ mysteries / covered with ﻏﻤﻮضﺑـ ﻣﻐﻄﻰ
benefit (from) ﻳﻔﻴﺪ–ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ-ﻓﺎﺋﺪﻩ a good example of ﻃﻴﺐ ﻣﺜﻞﻟـ
export to # import from ﻳﺼﺪراﻟﻰ#ﻳﺴﺘﻮردﻣﻦ Incredible / break a promise ﻻﻳﺼﺪقوﻋﺪﻩ ﻳﺨﻠﻒ
water level اﻟﻤﻴﺎة ﻣﻨﺴﻮب control system ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻧﻈﺎم
fertile (land - soil ) ﺧﺼﺐ pass up through ﻳﻤﺮﻋﺒﺮ)ﺧﻼل(
make a list of ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﻪ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ awful = fearful ﻣﺨﻴﻒ
Unit ( 10)
achieve / achievement (make) ﻳﺤﻘﻖ-ﻳﻨﺠﺰاﻧﺠﺎز theory ( prove-test)/ theorically ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔﻧﻈﺮﻳﺎ
cancer (incurable – serious) ﻣﺮضاﻟﺴﺮﻃﺎن an amount of (water) / a number of آﻤﻴﺔ–ﻣﻘﺪارﻣﻦ ﻋﺪد
a cure for (n) / cure of (v) ﻋﻼجﻟـﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﺎﻟﺞ visible(see) # invisible (can't see) ﻣﺮﺋﻰ#ﻣﺮﺋﻰ ﻏﻴﺮ
diabetes (v to have)(sugar in blood) اﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﻣﺮض release = set free ﻳﻄﻠﻖ/اﻃﻼق
diabetic (v to be) اﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﺑﻤﺮض ﻣﺼﺎب )رﺟﻴﻢgain weight # lose weight (on a diet ﻳﺰداداﻟﻮزن ﻓﻰ
gradually ( improve) ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺞ regularly (visit) ﺑﺎﻧﺘﻈﺎم
the result of ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ natural process ﻋﻤﻠﻴﻪﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ
specialist / specialize in أﺧﺼﺎﺋﻰﻳﺘﺨﺼﺺﻓﻰ get together = meet ﻳﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ
Unit ( 12 )
celebrate / celebration ﻳﺤﺘﻔﻞاﺣﺘﻔﺎل distinctive /the distinction وواﺿﺢ ًﺰﻴًﻤُﻣﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ
drum (hit – noise – stick )ﻋﺼﺎdrummewr ﻃﺒﺎل ﻃﺒﻠﺔ events / models أﺣﺪاث)هﺎﻣﺔ(ﻧﻤﺎزج
fireworks(let off-festivals-dangerous) ﻧﺎرﻳﺔ أﻟﻌﺎب evolve into / evolution of ﻳﺘﻄﻮراﻟﻰﺗﻄﻮر
landmark ( tower ) ﻋﻼﺑﺎرزة ﻣﺔ-هﺎم ًﻢﻠًﻌﻣ folk (music – songs) ﺷﻌﺒﻲ/اﻟﺸﻌﺒﻴﺔ واﻷﻏﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲ
mark(v/n)/ individual ﻳﺤﺪدﺑﺪاﻳﺔ–ﻳﻤﻴﺰ-ﻋﻼﻣﺔﻓﺮدى responsible # irresponsibility ﻣﺴﺌﻮلﻣﺴﺆول ﻏﻴﺮ
position / sculptures (make) وﺿﻊ–ﻣﻜﺎنﺗﻤﺎﺛﻴﻞ vary (from to) / traditional ﻳﺘﻨﻮع-ﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪى
procession ﻣﻮآﺐ)اﻟﻤﻠﻚ–اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ–ﺟﻨﺎزة-ﻣﻮﻟﺪ( harvest / therapy اﻟﺤﺼﺎد–ﻳﺤﺼﺪﻋﻼج
historical (events /اﺣﺪاث play- film – novel) ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﻴﻪ a variety of various ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﻪ
Review D
climate change اﻟﻤﻨﺎخ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ water supply / waste اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻣﺼﺪرﻳﻀﻴﻊ–ﻳﺒﺪد
Hydroponics(without soil) ﺗﺮﺑﻪ ﺑﺪون اﻟﺰراﻋﻪ ﻋﻠﻢ quality / quantity ﺟﻮدﻩ–ﻧﻮﻋﻴﺔآﻤﻴﺔ
plants can grow without soil ﻳﻨﻤﻮ اﻟﻨﺒﺎتﺗﺮﺑﻪ ﺑﺪون greenhouse (to protect plants ) اﻟﺼﻮﺑﺎ
floating gardens اﻟﺤﺪاﺋﻖاﻟﻌﺎﺋﻤﻪ Submarines / make time ﻏﻮاﺻﺎتوﻗﺖ ﻳﺨﺼﺺ
sounds like efficiently ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﺒﺪوﺑﻜﻔﺎﺋﻪ storyleller = narrator اﻟﻘﺼﻪ راوى
a way of + v + ing to ﻣﺼﺪر ﻟـ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ mark the beginning of (spring) ﻳﻤﻴﺰﺑﺪاﻳﻪ
Nutrients / come round اﻟﻐﺬاﺋﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﻮادﻳﺰور–ﻳﺘﺠﻮل keep fit / fit to اﻟﺼﺤﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺤﺎﻓﻆﻟـ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ
with poor soil ﻓﻘﻴﺮﻩ ﺗﺮﺑﻪ ذات decisive moment ﺣﺎﺳﻤﻪ ﻟﺤﻈﻪ
Unit ( 13 )
argue for # against ﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﻳﺠﺎدل-ﻋﻦ ﻳﺪاﻓﻊ#ﺿﺪ break a record # miss a record by اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻰ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ ﻳﺤﻄﻢ
(v to have – get ) a degree in درﺟﺔ/ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺷﻬﺎدة make a flight / aviation ﻳﻌﻤﻞﻃﻴﺮان رﺣﻠﺔاﻟﻄﻴﺮان
encourage..to/(give)encouragment ﻳﺸﺠﻊﺗﺸﺠﻴﻊ impressive/ impressed ﻣﺆﺛﺮ/ﻣﺒﻬﺮ)اﻷﺷﻴﺎء(ﻣﺘﺌﺜﺮ)ﺷﺨﺺ(
inspector ( check ) inspect ﻣﻔﺘﺶﻳﻔﺘﺶ licence (driving – flying-nursing ) رﺧﺼﺔ)ﻗﻴﺎدة–ﻃﻴﺮان(
solo = alone ﻣﻨﻔﺮد/ﻣﻨﻔﺮد ﻋﻤﻞ/ﻟﻮﺣﺪة nursing (founder /founding ) اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﺾ)ﻣﺆﺳﺲ-ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲ(
effective role ( positive )اﻳﺠﺎﺑﻰ ﻓﻌﺎل/دور ﻣﺆﺛﺮ personalpersonallypersonality ﺷﺨﺼﻲﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔﺷﺨﺼﻴﺎ
responsible of / responsibilty ﻣﺴﺌﻮلﻣﺴﺆوﻟﻴﺔ suit / suitable ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺐﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ
Unit ( 15
papyrus(tall grass)(used for writing) اﻟﺒﺮدى ورق recycle (v) ( use it again) اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ُﻌﻴﺪﻳ
paperback (book with cover) ﻏﻼف ذو آﺘﺎب gadget (a small tool or machine ) ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ﺟﻬﺎز
traditional # up-to-date (book) ﻗﺪﻳﻢ#ﺣﺪﻳﺚ recycled paper /recyclable ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ورقﻟﻼﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻗﺎﺑﻞ
still # moving (pictures) ﺛﺎﺑﺖ#ﻣﺘﺤﺮك)ﻟﻠﺼﻮر( bleach (v) ( make it white) ُﻴﺾﺒُﻳ/أﺑﻴﺾ ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ
enthusiast (n) / enthusiasm ﻣﺘﺤﻤﺲ)ﺷﺨﺺ(اﻟﺤﻤﺎس available availability ﻣﺘﺎح-ﻣﺘﻮاﻓﺮﺗﻮاﻓﺮ-إﺗﺎﺣﺔ
enthusiastic about (adj.) ﺑﺸﺄن ﻣﺘﺤﻤﺲ roll (v) / roller ﻳﺴﻮيﺷﻴﺊ ﻟﻀﻐﻂ-ﻳﺘﺪﺣﺮجﻟﻠﻀﻐﻂ اﺳﻄﻮاﻧﺔ
e-book = electronic book اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻰ آﺘﺎب compress = press ﻳﻀﻐﻂ)ﺣﻴﺰ ﻓﻰ(
bleach (v) (make it white) ُﻴﺾﺒُﻳ/أﺑﻴﺾ ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ encyclopedia (hold information) ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ
mixture (of) (fact and fiction) ﺧﻠﻴﻂ/ﻣﺰﻳﺞ)ﻣﻦ( soak in (cover with water) ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻐﻤﺮ أو ﻳﻨﻘﻊ
5. 5Progress in Finnal Revision By SM : Nassif El-Segahy
a range (series) of books اﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ download (net) ﺑﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻳﻘﻮم)ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت-ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ(اﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ
screen ( a TV a computer) ﺷﺎﺷﺔ be+ broken into(small pieces) ﻗﻄﻊ اﻟﻰ ﺗﻔﺘﺖ
give access to education ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﺳﻬﻠﺔ وﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺗﻌﻄﻰ CD ROM (compact disk) (hold )ﺗﺴﻊ اﺳﻄﻮاﻧﺔ
v to be + on the move اﻟﻰ ﻳﻨﺘﻘﻞ–ﻟﻠ ﺟﺎهﺬةﺘﺤﺮك stationery / stationary اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﻴﺔ اﻷدواتﺛﺎﺑﺖ–ﻻﺗﺘﺤﺮك
dry in (the sun) ﻓﻰ ﻳﺠﻔﻒ logs (are broken into pieces) اﻟﺨﺸﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﻊ
Review E
abroad ( go ) اﻟﺨﺎرج replacement for ﻟـ ﺑﺪﻳﻞ
common for ﻣﺸﻬﻮر–ﺷﺎﺋﻊﻟـ energetic ﺻﻔﺔ ﺣﻴﻮى–ﻧﺸﻴﻂ
v to be + inspired + by ﺑـ ﻳﻠﻬﻢ-ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﻳﺘﺤﻔﺰ structure / sensible ﻣﺒﻨﻰ-ﺗﺮآﻴﺐﺣﺴﺎس–ﻣﻌﻘﻮل
make friends / on visit ﻳﺼﺎدقزﻳﺎرة ﻓﻰ said in an interview اﻟﺤﻮار ﻓﻰ ﻗﺎل
Unit ( 16 )
conscientious ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ وﻣﺠﺘﻬﺪ ُﺠﺪﻣ/ﺣﻰ ﺿﻤﻴﺮة neighbourhood ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ/اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺳﻜﺎن
well- established ﺷﻴﺪت/أﻗﻴﻤﺖ/ﻣﺮﻣﻮﻗﺔ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ ذات fluent in fluently fluency ﻓﻰ ﻃﻠﻴﻖﺑﻄﻼﻗﺔاﻟﻄﻼﻗﺔ
sociable (generous )آﺮﻳﻢ ( like people) اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ CV = curriculum vitae اﻟﺬاﺗﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﻴﺮة)ﺷﺨﺺ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت(
fill in (application form) وﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﻃﻠﺐ اﺳﺘﻤﺎرة ﻳﻤﻸ achieve/ achievement ﻳﺤﻘﻖ–ﻳﻨﺠﺰاﻧﺠﺎز
module دراﺳﻴﺔ وﺣﺪة/ﺟﺰءدراﺳﻲ ﻣﻘﺮر ﻣﻦ permanent job = a full-time job داﺋﻤﺔ وﻇﻴﻔﺔ
well-organized ﺟﺪا ﻣﻨﻈﻢ temporary job = part-time job وﻇﻴﻔﺔﻣﺆﻗﺘﺔ
conscience اﻟﻀﻤﻴﺮ make profits / money أرﺑﺎﺣﺎ ﻳﺤﻘﻖ
neighbourly ودود/ِﻴﻦﻌُﻣ)أﺷﺨﺎص ﻟﻮﺻﻒ ﺻﻔﺔ( personnel manager اﻟﻌﺎﻣ ﺷﺌﻮن ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻠﻴﻦ
degree / mark درﺟﺔ-ﺷﻬﺎدة-ﻣﺆهﻞﻋﻼﻣﺔ-دراﺳﻰ ﺻﻒ trainee ( still) / trainer ﻣﺘﺪربﻣﺪرب
applicant ﻣﺘﻘﺪم)ﻣﺜﻼ ﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ( Pharmacy (sell-make-medicines-drugs) ﺻﻴﺪﻟﻴﺔ
formally # informally رﺳﻤﻰ ﻏﻴﺮ رﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ# smart appearance ﻣﻈﻬﺮ ﺣﺴﻦ
reputation (good) reputable ﺳﻤﻌﺔﺳﻤﻌﺔﺣﺴﻨﺔ driving licence (hold ﻋﻠﻰ )ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﻗﻴﺎدة رﺧﺼﺔ
acquire (experience) ﻳﻜﺘﺴﺐ)ﺧﺒﺮة( qualify as وﻇﻴﻔﺔ in ﻣﺆهﻞ ﻳﺆهﻞ/ﻳﺘﺄهﻞ
Unit ( 18 )
lifelong (learning) اﻟﺤﻴﺎة ﻣﺪي ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ/ﻣﺘﻮاﺻﻞ a similar (job) similarity ﻣﺘﺸﺎﺑﺔﺗﺸﺎﺑﻬﺔ
college / colleagues آﻠﻴﺔﻋﻤﻞ أﺻﺪﻗﺎء information technology اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ
enrol on (in) = join ﺑـ ﻳﻠﺘﺤﻖ/ﻓﻲ اﺳﻤﺔ ﻳﺴﺠﻞ provide (opportunity)ﺷﻴﺊ for ﺷﺨﺺ ﻳﻮﻓﺮ-ﻟـ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﻳﺘﻴﺢ
enrolment ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ/ادراج stimulate/ stimulation ﻳﺤﻔﺰ-ﻳﻨﺸﻂﺗﺤﻔﻴﺰ
reward / rewarding ﻳﻜﺎﻓﺊ–ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺌﺔﺑﺎﻟﻨﻔﻊ ﻋﺎﺋﺪ formal # informal رﺳﻤﻰ#رﺳﻤﻰ ﻏﻴﺮ
open university اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ retrain ( need skills) / increase ﺗﺪرﻳﺐ ﻳﻌﻴﺪﻳﺰﻳﺪ-زﻳﺎدة
employee/employer ﻋﺎﻣﻞ–ﻣﻮﻇﻒاﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ v to be + awarded ( prize) ﻣﻨﺢ
employable (remain) ﺗﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ–ﻟﻠﺘﻮﻇﻴﻒ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ finance department اﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺎت ﻗﺴﻢ
idealism / idealist اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻴﺔاﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ اﻟﺸﺨﺺ refuse = rubbish (n) (v) ﻗﻤﺎﻣﺔ–ﻓﻀﻼتﻳﺮﻓﺾ
ideal for / idealistic ﻟـ أﻓﻀﻞﻣﺜﺎﻟﻲ promote / promotion ُﺮﻗﻲﻳﺗﺮﻗﻴﺔ
worthwhile ﺑﺎﻻهﺘﻤﺎم ﺟﺪﻳﺮ/ﻣﻔﻴﺪة/ﻓﻴﻪ ُﺒﺬلﻳ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻖ mature (university student) ﻧﺎﺿﺞ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ)ﻋﻦ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ٢٥ﺳﻨﺔ(
get promoted (promotion) ﻳﺘﺮﻗﻲﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺤﺼﻞ salute (the flag) (martyrs )ﺷﻬﺪاء ﻳﺤﻴﻲ)ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﺗﺤﻴﺔ(اﻟﻌﻠﻢ
qualifications ﻣﺆهﻼت national anthem اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻰ اﻟﻨﺸﻴﺪ
highly qualified ssttaaffff ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ درﺟﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺆهﻠﻴﻦ good-looking اﻟﻤﻈﻬﺮ ﺣﺴﻦ
4- Some important expresstions
launch a rocket / have the right to / leak ( gas) ( fix) object to + v+ ing / اﺳﻢ / a common occurrence
I had to show indentity card / writing competition In our town, musicians play folk music
fossil fuels / human nature put …down ﻳﺤﻘﺮ two million commuters travel / we should reduce energy
give ﻣﻔﻌﻮل headache / get headache A mature is a university or college student
No / zero / less gravity / side effects highly skilled ( qualified) staff
I have downloaded onto my computer An accident / earthquake occurred
e- mail attachments / reach a a length of She regards sport as a very/ Haqui is stll thought of as
Mousetrap was written in 1947. There was great excitement when team won the match
open new school was an interesting occasion I feel really bored. / Would you mind if ﻣﻀﺎرع ﻓﻌﻞ+ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ?
Her parents regularly have meetings on your computer screen /loaves of bread / sheet of paper
The hard outside part of a tree is bark Nader is really enthusiastic about all kinds of sport.
hope / expect /promise ﻓﺎﻋﻞ will ﻣﺼﺪر We should recycle paper, rather than throw it away.
hope / expect /promise (ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﺑﺪون )ﻣﻔﻌﻮل+(أو )+to ﻣﺼﺪر They discovered an effective new treatment
hoped/expected /promised ﻓﺎﻋﻞ would ﻣﺼﺪر My brother achieved his ambition.
Twins are very alike / mak up a story Alfred Farag is a famous Egyptian playwright.
debate at school about… / attend school she’s gained a lot of weight.
can't remember he may have amnesia She shouldn’t eat many sweets because she is diabetic .
musical instrument / magical feeling People celebrate the end of the year
the main suspect / the cause of the fire I didn’t recognise him .He looked so different.
coronation of the new king or queen They object to very loud music / object to + v+ ing / اﺳﻢ
6. 6Progress in Finnal Revision By SM : Nassif El-Segahy
5- The Rules of Grammar
1 -Will ('ll ) + اﻟﻤﺼﺪر اﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ
I will be 50 years next year. اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ -١
. اﻷﻓﻌﺎل ﻣﻦ آﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﺄﺗﻰ وا دﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺪون ﺑﺎﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﺘﻨﺒﺆ ﻣﻊ وﺗﺄﺗﻰ -٢
{ I think ,hope, expect ,sure} Ex I expect that he will win.
ﺑـ وﺗﻌﺮف واﻟﻤﻮاﻓﻘﺔ .ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪة ﻋﺮض و اﻟﺴﺮﻳﻊ اﻟﻘﺮار اﺗﺨﺎذ ﻣﻊ وﺗﺄﺗﻰ -٣
( please , Ok , Yes , No, I am sorry ,I am afraid)
Ex-A) I am thirsty. B) I will get you a drink.
. promise واﻟﻮﻋﺪ (orotherwise) وﻳﻌﺮف threat اﻟﺘﻬﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻊ و -٤
Ex I will punish you if you do this again.
(As soon as-after-till- if –when ) ﺛﺎﻧﻲ آﻄﺮف اﻟﺮواﺑﻂ وﻣﻊ -٥
راﺑﻂ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﻀﺎرع .....will ﻣﺼﺪر After I finish , I will leave
2- am, is, are + going to + اﻟﻤﺼﺪر
١-اﻟﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﺮintend٢-اﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﺮv to be + going to
٣-دﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻨﺎء اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻴﺤﺪث ﺑﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﺒﺆ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪماﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ واﻟﻘﺮار
… I think ………).( I have decided that…..)دﻟﻴﻞ(وﺑﻌﺪ*
Ex There is a dark cloud .I think it is going to rain.
ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﺔ)ing+V+is are,am(اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع3
ﻟﻪ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺐ ﻟﻸﺣﺪاث اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻋﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم(arrange )
He is visiting his uncle = He has arranged to visit him.
٤اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ( will be + v + ing)
)اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻋﻼﻣﺎت( in/ from ..to /all / for/ at / +
In 20 years ,people will be queuing to book a space trip
٥ اﻟﺘﺎم اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞwill have + pp /ﻣﻌﻠﻮمwill have been +ppﻣﺠﻬﻮل
ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺗﺔ (By ﻗﺎدﻣﺔ ﺳﻨﺔ ,in a 'ﻣﺪةs time, this time+اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻋﻼﻣﺎت )
Ex By 2020, I will have finished my studies.
ﻧﻀﻊ ﺟﻤﻊ أو aanﻳﻌﺪ :ﻣﻔﺮد ﻣﻔﺮد ﺗﻜﻮن أن ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﺪودﻩ اﻷﺳﻤﺎء -١
How) many = several =a lot of اﺛﺒﺎت =lots of =plenty of
(a) fewSome( )ﻃﻠﺐ و واﻗﺘﺮاح أﺛﺒﺎت any )اﻟو ﻨﻔﻰاﻟﺴﺆالاﻟﻌﺎدى(
only ﻣﻊ a few/ أﻣﺎﻣﻬﺎ a ﺑﺪون plenty of/ اﻟﻨﻔﻰ ﻣﻊ much ﻻﺣﻆ
: اﻟﺘﺠﺰﺋﻪ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﻪ اﻻ ﺟﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻻﻳﻤﻜﻦ ( ﻻﺗﻌﺪ اﻟﺘﻰ ) اﻟﻜﻤﻴﻪ اﻷﺳﻤﺎء -٢
(How) much = a lot of #(a) little some any
(is , was , has , does , s ﺑـ ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻰ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ likes) اﻟﻤﻔﺮد ٣-اﻷﻓﻌﺎل
(are, were,have ,do , s ﺑـ ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﻻ اﻟﻔﻌﻞlike) اﻟﺠﻤﻊ اﻷﻓﻌﺎل
(time,paper,iron,hair,a hair وآﻤﻴﻪ وﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﻔﺮد ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ٤-أﺳﻤﺎء
ﻓﺮد ﻣﻦ أآﺜﺮ اﻟﻰ ﺗﺸﻴﺮ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺟﻤﻊ أو واﺣﺪﻩ آﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﻔﺮدة أﺳﻤﺎء -٥
(team,group ,crew,army, couple,family,staff,class)
- The Egyptian team is going to play the match. ()ﻣﻔﺮد
- All the team are going to play except Ali. ()ﺟﻤﻊ
ﻣﻔﺮد ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻳﺄﺗﻰ وﻟﻜﻦ اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ أﺳﻤﺎء -٦
ﻣﻔﺮد ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﻌﺪهﻢ ﻳﺄﺗﻰ اﻟﺴﺒﺐ
Ten million pounds is اﻟﻤﺎل ﻣﻦ ﻣﺒﻠﻎ اى
Fifty litres of petrol is ﻣﻦ اوﻋﺒﻮﻩ وزن اى....
Five kilometers is ﻣﺴﺎﻓﻪ اى
Forty minutes is ﻣﺪﻩ اى
Three plus seven is واﻟﻀﺮب اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﻪ
Classics-politics-maths is دراﺳﻴﻪ ﻣﻮاد اى
Athletics – gymnastics is رﻳﺎﺿﻴﻪ اﻟﻌﺎب
diabetes / measles / the news is اﻷﻣﺮاض/آﻤﻰ اﺳﻢ
ﺟﻤﻊ ﻓﻌﻞ (ﺑﻌﺪهﻢ s) ﺑﺤﺮﻓﺎﻟـ ﻻﺗﻨﺘﻬﻰ أﺳﻤﺎء -٧
(Police , public , people , men ,women , phenomena )
داﺋﻤﺎ ﺟﻤﻊshoes,trousers, gloves ﻣﺜﻞ (a pair of )ﻣﻊ ٨-اﺳﻤﺎء
)أواﻟﻤﺼﺪرﻓﻘﻂ()s+اﻟﻤﺼﺪرﻣﻊit,she,he(اﻟﻤﻀﺎرعاﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ٦
١-ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪماﻟ ﻣﻊﻤﻮاﻋﻴﺪاﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﻪ)ﻣﻮاﺻﻼت-وﻏﻠﻖ ﻓﺘﺢ-ﺑوﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺪاﻳﺔ(
-The train leaves at 7:30 am tomorrow.
( intend – hope- expect – promise) ٢-أﻓﻌﺎلﻣﻀﺎرعﻓﻘﻂ
After he finishes , he will leave. ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة اﻟﺮواﺑﻂ وﺑﻌﺪ -٣
ﻣﺜﻞ (اﻟﺠﻤﻊ و )اﻟﻤﻔﺮد ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻟﻬﺎ آﻠﻤﺎت -٩
(sheep – deer – fish – salmon - aircraft -space craft)
ﺑـﻨﻜﺮة ﺗﺴﺒﻖ ﻣﻔﺮد وﺗﺼﺒﺢ ﻣﺜﻞ واﻟﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﻤﻔﺮد ﻓﻰ s ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻰ آﻠﻤﺎت -١٠
(crossroads– means - series - species- works) a seies
(a slice of meat,a lump of sugar,a sheet of paper) ﺗﺠﺰﺋﺔ
(he, she ,it ﻣﻊ s- es -ies + اﻟﻤﺼﺪر ) : ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع
اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ أﺧﺮ ﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﻋﻼﻣﺎت -١ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎت * اﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﻣﻊ ﻓﻘﻂ واﻟﻤﺼﺪر
*{ every, on Fridays , as usual) :واﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺿﻊ -٢
{وهﻢsometimes -often - always - ever -frequently -usually
occasionally – still (اﻟﻨﻔﻰ no longer-never-rarely =scarcely
= seldom} ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻲ ﺑﻌﻼﻣﺎت أو doesn't don't + ﻣﺼﺪر ﺑـ ﻳﻨﻔﻰ *
ﻋﺎدى ( ﻣﺼﺪر + d/ed/ ied) ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﺒﺴﻂ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ
ﺷﺎذ eat-ate/sleep-sleptcut-cut put-put/read read/set
:هﻰ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎت ( didn't + اﻟﻤﺼﺪر ) ﺑـ اﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻳﻨﻔﻰ *
{Yesterday, last, past, ago, in ﻨﺔ,ﺳ just now, previous,
earlier, once, from..to...} ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ ﻓﻰ ﻟﻠﻌﺎدات وﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم
ﻋﺎدﻩ {When ﺑﺴﻴﻂ اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع…,ﻣﺎض ﻣﻦ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ..أى ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎض }
wear glasses. There is wrong with her sight a huge amount of water on the roads
My daily routine starts when / as planned force their readers to think / it is an Egyptian custom to
El-Haggan and El-Shawwan Egyptian spies encouraging their students to beconscientious
The married couple / a couple of minutes
There is was آﻤﻴﺔ (news /sugar)/ There are were ﻋﺪد
not finished her course yet. She’s still a trainee
اﺳﻢ + ﺟﺮ ﺣﺮف ++اﺳﻢ اﻷول اﻷﺳﻢ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ The walls of the castl
a man of letters ( literature ) / get on well with died / wept ….attended her funeral
novel story /article/conversation in which It was opened by a well-known celebrity.
The distance between ..is / distance learning had thrown away today’s newspaper by mistake
Lightning is a natural phenomenon ﻣﻔﺮد He is thinking of enrolling on Studies course
The fireworks lit up the sky / examined the patient The school provides them books./ fluent in
teaching medical profession . I go to the pharmacy to buy some medicine
How much time is …?/ How many times are …? A civil servant works for the government
The walls of castle were built to protect… The lesson starts in half an hour./ enroll on….
Water is the liquid form of ice. That tower is one of the town’s most famous landmark
Don't look at the sun directly ( straight ) I wish I knew where I left my jacket.
any free time ? / take a train./ recycle glass ,paper She wishes she hadn't spent her money at the weekend.
Wind and wave power are renewable energy /
knock on the door / hit the drum with a stick
The statue of Ramses II is a very important Ancient
Egyptian monument / it is marked by
I particularly like her style in writing respectable family / respected + وﻇﻴﻔﺔ lawyer
People can save money by using the underground Whose resposbility is it to ..?/Who is responsible to
If you heat ice , it melts. / look directly = straight He did nothing wrong. He’s innocent
That plant / the sphinx was positioned do a research / experiement / a course in
7. 7Progress in Finnal Revision By SM : Nassif El-Segahy
* راﺑﻂ + ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ...…,ﻣﻀﺎرع واﻟﻤﻮاﻋﻴﺪاﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﻪ اﻟﺤﻘﺎﺋﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻳﺄﺗﻰ *
(ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ +اﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮل am , is ,are +PP) ﻟﻠﻤﻀﺎرع ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮل *اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ
Ex - Rubbish is burnt to produce electricity.
*used to /ﻣﺼﺪرdidn't use to ﻣﺼﺪر /did ﻓﺎﻋﻞ use to?ﻣﺼﺪر
ﻻﺣﻆ ﻋﺎﻗﻞ v to be+used to+ v+ing اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع ﻓﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮة ﻋﺎدﻩ
How long ago did…………? = When did……………?
اﻟﺤﺪﺛﻴﻦ أﻗﺪم هﻮ ( had + pp ) ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﺘﺎم اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ
•After/as soon aswhen ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎض....،) ...ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ(ﺗﺎم ﻣﺎض
• Having+pp ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎض....،......................
• ( didn't )ﻣﺼﺪر ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ till until ﺗﺎم ﻣﺎﺿﻲ
• It wasn't until(only when) ﺗﺎم ﻣﺎﺿﻰ that ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ
• ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ)اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ اﻟﺤﺪث( because as ﺗﺎم ﻣﺎﺿﻰ)اﻷول اﻟﺤﺪث(
•Before by the time when ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ …,. ﺗﺎم ﻣﺎﺿﻲ
•After immediately after before + v+ ing )ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﺑﺪون( ,...
•No sooner + had + اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ + pp…than ………ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎض
Scarcely + had + اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ + pp …..when …..…ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎض
Hardly + had + اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ + pp……..when …..…ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎض
• اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ had no sooner + pp …than … ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ
• When ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ (2) …, ﺗﺎم ﻣﺎﺿﻲ (1)……..ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ
( realized told didn't see found missed ) ﻣﻊ وﻳﺎﺗﻰ *
ﺗﺎم ﻣﺎﺿﻰ( by + ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻰﺳﻨﻪ in+ ﺳﻨﻪ ﺗﺎم ﻣﻀﺎرع since ﺳﻨﻪ+ )
( had been + v + ing ) ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ اﻟﺘﺎم اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ
( Before when because +all for since) هﻰ ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺗﻪ
(How long ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺗﺎم ﻣﺎﺿﻰ when before ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ?ﻣﺎﺿﻰ )
Ex.Before I arrived, he had been playing for 2 hours.
ﻓﻘﻂ ﺗﺎم اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﻗﺼﻴﺮة او ﻋﺪد ﺑﻌﺪهﺎ واﻟﺘﻰ اﻟﺤﻮاس اﻓﻌﺎل : ﻻﺣﻆ
( have/ has + pp ) : ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﺘﺎم اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع
( v have+ppﺑﻴﻦ )ﺗﻮﺿﻊ (already, just , ever,never) ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺗﺔ
( since,for ,so far,yet,lately, recently,up till now) وﻣﻊ
*Yet( واﻟﻨﻔﻰ اﻟﺴﺆال )اﺧﺮlately( وﻧﻔﻰ أﺛﺒﺎت ) recently ﻓﻘﻂ اﺛﺒﺎت
Ex We have finishesd .what should we do.
•Since(2005,May,Friday,oclock,last,yesterday,the age
of , -ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﻓﻌﻞ+ﻓﺎﻋﻞ birthday,childhoodﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ )
• For ( year,month,day,week,the last,hour,ages,long)
•Since ( .....ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ ﺗﺎم )ﻣﻀﺎرع / (ا ﺗﺎم ﻣﻀﺎرع since..)
•It’s ﻣﺪة since ﻣﺎﺿﻰﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ+ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ……
• +ﻓﺎﻋﻞ last + ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ in ﺳﻨﺔ when ﻓﻌﻞ+ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺪة ago
ﻓﺎﻋﻞ +haven’t has+ p.p since ﺳﻨﺔ ﻓﻌﻞ+ﻓﺎﻋﻞ /for ﻣﺪة
Ex. I last visited Luxor when I was on holiday.
- I have not visited Luxor since I was on holiday.
• (before/١ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﻊ never )(اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ اﻟﺼﻔﺔ وﻣﻊ اﻟﺴﺆال ﻓﻰ ever)
* Have gone to ﻳﻌﺪ وﻟﻢ ذهﺐ • Have been to وﻋﺎد ذهﺐ
(have/has+been+ v+ing) ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ اﻟﺘﺎم اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع
(since/ for + still - not - now-all ) ( How long ): ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺗﺔ
• اﻟﺤﻮاس اﻓﻌﺎلواﻟﺘﻰﻋﺪد ﺑﻌﺪهﺎاوﻗﺼﻴﺮةﺗﻮﺿﻊﻓﻰاﻟﻤﻀﺎرعاﻟﺘﺎم
(ﻟﻠﻤﻔﺮد was / ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻊ were + v + ing) ﻳﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ
ﻣﻦ وآﻞ (all , at ,between…and + yesterday/ last) اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎت
1-Aswhilejust asﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ .....,…ﻣﺎﺿﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ /ﻣﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ
ﻻﺣﻆ:اﻷﺧﺮ أﺣﺪهﻢ ﻵﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ا ﻓﻰ اﻟﻔﻌﻼن ﻳﺄﺗﻰ. •
•When ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ ,… ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ = on at + v+ ing اﺳﻢ
ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮebecaus...t'didnt'couldn*ﻓﺎﻋ ﺑﺪونﻞing+V+While-2
•During+ اﺳﻢ = While ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + ﻓﻌﻞ On/at + v+ing = when
" sure " دﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ " " Deduction اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج "
Present اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع Past اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ
ﺑـ ﺗﻨﻔﻰ must be
can’t be
ﺑـ ﺗﻨﻔﻰ must have + P.P
can’t have + P.P
(Possible , not very sure ) دﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺪون وﻳﻜﻮن اﻷﺣﺘﻤﺎل
Present اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع Past اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ
might be / could be might/could hav+ P.P
واﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ اﻟﻄﺮف ﺣﺴﺐ Ifﻗﺎﻋﺪﻩ
0) If + ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﻀﺎرع ,… ﺑﺴﻂ ﻣﻀﺎرع (اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﻪ ﺣﻘﺎﺋﻖ ) ﻓﻰ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة
1) If + ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﻀﺎرع ,ﻓﺎﻋﻞ will, can,may, need toﻣﺼﺪر ()ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ
2) If + ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ , .. would, could,might + ﻣﺼﺪر (ﻣﻀﺎرع )
3) If + ﺗﺎم ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ,... would, could,might + have + PP (ﻣﺎﺿﻰ )
Unless = if …not = except if ) if اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ اﻟﺤﺎﻻت ﺟﻤﻴﻊ وﻳﻨﻄﺒﻖ *
If =as long as = provided (that) = providing = in case أوﻟﻰ
•If ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﻀﺎرع = Should ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + ﻣﺼﺪر ( أوﻟﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﻪ-ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ )
•If ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ = Were ﻓﺎﻋﻞ +to ﻣﺼﺪر ( ﺣﺎﻟﻪﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ )
•If ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + had + pp = Had ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + pp ( ﺛﺎﻟﺜﻪ )ﺣﺎﻟﻪ
•If ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + ﻓﻌﻞ = in case of by with + v+ing اﺳﻢ اﺳﻢ+ﺻﻔﻪ
•Unless ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + ﻓﻌﻞ = with out But for+ v+ing اﺳﻢ ﺻﻔﻪ اﺳﻢ
Nassif:SMاﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮلPassive
آﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮل( + v to be + pp + by + آﻤﻔﻌﻮل اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ )
V to be ﺰﻣﻦاﻟ ﺴﺐﺣ { am-is are ﺴﻴﻂﺑ ﻀﺎرعﻣ was-were
ﺴﻴﻂﺑ ﻲﻣﺎﺿ v to be + being ﺴﺘﻤﺮةاﻟﻤ ﺔاﻷزﻣﻨ to have +
been اﻟﺘﺎم ﻓﻲ ) اﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ + be ﻧﺎﻗﺺ +have + been )
Ex : By 2016, my studies will have been finished .
a) It + v to be + p + that ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻔﺮق ﻻﺣﻆ *
b) اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ + v to be+p p + to ﻣﺼﺪر ( ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ )ﻣﻀﺎرع
اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ + v to be+p p + to have + pp ( ﺗﺎم )ﻣﺎﺿﻰ
(reported–believed-alleged-said-thought-expected)
.to winis expectedHe/.will winhethatis expectedIt•
.be stupidwas thought toEdison•
" اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻟﻐﻴﺮ " اﻷﺗﻴﻪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎت ﻣﻊ آﺎﻷﺗﻰ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ اﻟﻘﻮل ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻧﻀﻊ
then , at that moment / at that time was, were + v + ing ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ
before, previous,earlier,yet,already,since, for, so far had + pp ﺗﺎم ﻣﺎﺿﻰ
the following day,the next day, the future اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ ﻓﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ would ﻣﺼﺪر /was,were+going to /ﻣﺼﺪرwas,were+v +ing
just now / a moment ago / a short time ago /says /say /
tell/ tells / ask / asks / want to know / wonders ﻻﻳﺘﺤﻮل ﻣﻌﻬﺎ
اﻷﺗﻴﻪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎت ﻣﻊ ﻣﻀﺎرع ﻓﻌﻞ ﻧﺨﺘﺎر
ﻣﺎﺿﻰ اﻟﻘﻮل ﻓﻌﻞ آﺎن ﻟﻮ ﺣﺘﻰ اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﻪ اﻟﺤﻘﺎﺋﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻀﺎرع ﻓﻌﻞ وﻧﺨﺘﺎر
asked, wondered,inquired ,wanted to know اﻟﺴﺆال If , whether ..or, اﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎ أداﻩم)راﺑﻂ( + ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + ﻓﻌﻞ)اﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺣﺴﺐ(
(ﺟﺮ ﺣﺮف )ﻣﻤﻨﻮع ﻋﺎﻗﻞ who (that) ( ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ) +اﻟﻮﺻﻞ……ﻓﻌﻞ ﺿﻤﺎﺋﺮ
… …ﻋﺎﻗﻞ whom ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + ﻓﻌﻞ ……. ( ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﻌﺪهﺎ )ﻻﻳﺎﺗﻰ
… ﻋﺎﻗﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ which ﻓﺎﻋﻞ( ) +ﻓﻌﻞ
ﻋﺎﻗﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ)ﺟﺮ ﺣﺮف ﻣﻤﻨﻮع( ﻋﺎﻗﻞ that ﻓﺎﻋﻞ( ) +ﻓﻌﻞ
……… ﻣﺎﻟﻚ whose ﻣﻤﻠﻮك …
….. اﻟﻤﻜﺎن where ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + ﻓﻌﻞ (it و اﻟﺠﺮ ﺣﺮف )ﻳﺤﺬف
ﻓﻌﻞ+ﻓﺎﻋﻞwhenزﻣﻦوﻗﺖ
ﻟﻠﻔﻌﻞ وﻳﻀﺎف اﻟﻮﺻﻞ ﺣﺬف ﻳﻤﻜﻦ *ingاﻟـ واﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮم ﻓﻰ ppﻣﺠﻬﻮل
ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺑﻌﺪهﻢ ﻳﺎﺗﻰ أن ﻻﺑﺪ If (2-3) = If only = Wish ة ﻗﺎﻋﺪ
ﻓﻰ Wish If onlyﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻳﺄﺗﻰ ﻓﻰ ﻓﻌﻞ أو اﻟﺬﻣﻦ آﺎن اذا
ﺑﺴﻴـــــــــــــــــــ ﻣﺎﺿﻰﻂ اﻟﻤﻀــــﺎرعاﻷن أى
regrt+ ving = ﺗ ﻣﺎﺿﻰــﺎم had + pp اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰاﻟﺒﺴﻴــــــــــــﻂ
I we ﻣﻊ could ﻣﺼﺪر
ﻣﻊاﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ would ﻣﺼﺪر
اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞواﻷﻣﻨﻴﺎت
واﻷﺣﻼماﻟﻤﺴﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ
Ex: I wish I were there now / I wish I had met him
yesterday /I wish ( if only )I could go there tomorrow
8. 8Progress in Finnal Revision By SM : Nassif El-Segahy
+أﻓﻌﺎل V + ing { object to ,look forward to, owing to, due
to , thanks to, suggest , practise , enjoy, don't feel
like,recommend, avoid,It is no use (good) ,can'tstand, it's
worth,consider,deny,mind,imagine, fancy,postpone,can't
help, finish, give up, quit, risk ,go, miss,would you mind}
+أﻓﻌﺎل to ﻣﺼﺪر { plan , promise,agree, refuse ,arrange,
decide, expect, hope, learn, Pretend, manage, offer, want,
need ,require, wish, threaten, accept, can / could afford}
,deserve, attempt, dare*( Force ,advise, ask,ﻣﻐﻌﻮل to )ﻣﺼﺪر
+أﻓﻌﺎل to + ﻣﺼﺪر اﻟﺤﺪث ﻳﺘﻢ ﻟﻢ +أﻓﻌﺎل V + ing اﻟﺤﺪث ﺗﻢ اذا
{ remember forget try stop regret }
I stopped smoking . Don't forget to take the book
+أﻓﻌﺎل to + ﻣﺼﺪر +أﻓﻌﺎل V + ing
'd أواﻷن ﺧﺎص ﺣﺪثﺑ ﺗﺴﺒﻖ أوـ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮأوﻋــﺎدة ﻋـﺎم ﺣﺪث ﻋﻦ
}preferdislikelikelovehate{
I would like to read this book / I usually like reading
اﻷﺿﺎﻓﻪ رواﺑﻂ واﺣﺪ اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﺮواﺑﻂ
•As well as besides in addition to + v +ing اﺳﻢ
Ex : As well as playing well, they scored 2 goals.
•Not only ﺳﺆل ﺻﻴﻐﺔ …… but also اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺘﻴﻦ ……ﺑﻴﻦ
ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ١ﻓﺎﻋﻞ as well as ٢ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + اﻷول ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ
•Neither ﻓﺎﻋﻞ١ nor ﻓﺎﻋﻞ٢ + اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ
•Not only ﻓﺎﻋﻞ but also ﻓﺎﻋﻞ٢ + اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ
اﻟﺴﺒﺐ { because as since ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + ﻓﻌﻞ )
•(because of -due to- owing to+V+ing اﺳﻢ ﺻﻔﺔ + )اﺳﻢ
اﻟﺘﻨﺎﻗﺾ ,but = yet , however=.However,... اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ وﺳﻂ
• AlthoughThough Even thougheven if ﻓﺎﻋﻞ + ﻓﻌﻞ
• However ﺻﻔﻪ + ﻓﻌﻞ+ﻓﺎﻋﻞ، ,……….
• ﺻﻔﻪ as + ﻓﻌﻞ+ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ,…* Whatever +اﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ+ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ,
• In spite of = Despite +V+ ing (ﺻﻔﺔ )...……,اﺳﻢ
ﺮض اﻟﻐ •{ to so as to in order to + ﺼﺪر ﻣ }
•= { in order that so that ﻓﺎﻋﻞ can أو could +ﻣﺼﺪر
اﻟﻘﺪرة أﻓﻌﺎل can ﻣﺼﺪر can’t ﻣﺼﺪر manage to ﻣﺼﺪر =
succeed in + v + ing am, is, are + (not) able toﻣﺼﺪر =
have/has+ the ability toﻣﺼﺪر am ,is are+ capable of + ing
اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ could ﻣﺼﺪر couldn’t ﻣﺼﺪر managed to ﻣﺼﺪر
= succeeded in+ v+ ing was,were+(not) able toﻣﺼﺪر
had + the ability toﻣﺼﺪر was,were+capable of+v ing
واﻷﻟﺰام اﻟﻀﺮورة must ﻣﺼﺪر = have (has) to =need to ﻣﺼﺪر
اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع واﻷﺧﺘﻴﺎرﻓﻰ اﻟﻀﻮرة ﻧﻔﻰ don't(doesn't) have to ﻣﺼﺪر
•= needn't =ﻣﺼﺪر don’tdoesn't need t ﻣﺼﺪر
(واﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢ )اﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ• mustn’t ﻣﺼﺪر = can't ﻣﺼﺪر ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﻟﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ
اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ had toﻣﺼﺪر اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ will have (need )to ﻣﺼﺪر
اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ ﻓﻰ واﻷﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻀﻮرة ﻧﻔﻰ
needn’t have +p.p=didn’t have to=didn't need toﻣﺼﺪر
ﻣﻀﺎرع اﻟﻨﺼﻴﺤﺔ - should ﻣﺼﺪر = ought toﻣﺼﺪر = had betterﻣﺼﺪر = it is advisable to = If I were you, I would ﻣﺼﺪر
ﻓﻘﻂ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻠﻮم - Should (ought to)have + P.P. = but he didn't :اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺷﻴﺊ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻋﺪم ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﻮم *
Shouldn’t (ought not to) have + P.P : ﺧﻄﺄ وآﺎن ﻋﻤﻠﻪ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺷﻴﺊ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ *ﻟﻠﻮم
6- A) The paragraphs By SM : Nassif
We don't exaggerate if we say that ﻮاناﻟﻌﻨ is ( are ) considered a topic
of great importance ,that’s why we should give attention to it. First of all
, we can say that …ﻮاناﻟﻌﻨ plays (play) a lively role in our life because
ﻪاﻷهﻤﻴ ﺒﺐ.ﺳAs a result of this, we can say that we should do our best to
benefit from it by all possible means and this can be done by several
ways .For example we can.ﺎماﻷهﺘﻤ ﻪ.ﻃﺮﻳﻘ Briefly if we follow these steps
,we can achieve our goals and enjoy our life. At last not at least, we can
say that ﻋﻨﻮان needs a great interest from us.
It is a given fact that ﻮاناﻟﻌﻨ is ( are ) considered a topic of great
importance, that’s why we should give attention to it .First of all , we
can say that ﻮاناﻟﻌﻨ has a serious effect on us because ﺸﻜﻠﻪاﻟﻤ ﺒﺐﺳ As a
result of this, we can say that we should do our best to avoid this
problem by all possible means and this can be done by several ways .For
example ,we must cooperate together and work hard to overcome this
serious problem and ﺸﻜﻠﻪاﻟﻤ ﻟﺤﻞ أﺧﺮى .ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔBriefly ,if we follow these steps
,we can solve this problem sooner or later .We will also lead a happy
life free from problems. At last not at least, we can say that ﻮانﻋﻨ needs a
great interest from us.
B) The letter By SM : Nassif
Dear إﻟﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺮﺳﻞ اﺳﻢ ,
* It gives me a great pleasure to write
this letter to you اﻟﻌﺎدى اﻟﺨﻄﺎب ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ
* I send this letter to + اﻟﻤﺼﺪر …
( اﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﻪ وﻧﻜﺘﺐ )اﻟﻐﺮض
ing اﻟـ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ وﻧﺤﺬف
{ he-she him-her-them…..you ) ( You
ﻓﺎﻋﻞ I) (you ﻣﻔﻌﻮل me ) (your ..my )
(his……your ) (her + .your)}
اﻟﺨﺘﺎﻣﻴﺔ I am looking forward to seeing
you soon .With my best wishes .
. Yours ,
اﺳﻢ
Good Luck
C)The e-mai By SM : Nassif
It is worth mentioning that……….. is / are considered a mixed
blessing because it has some advantages and some disadvantages. One
advantages of……. is / are that it is very useful when we use it in a good
and suitable way . For example we can use it for………
On the other hand, it will have some disadvantages if it is used in a
wrong way .For example, some people use it badly because they use it
for ..This will Surely have a bad effect on us .Therefore, It is advisable
to do our best to avoid its disadvantages and we should benefit from its
advantages to lead a happy and safe life free from problems.
From… اﻷﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻰ اﻟﺮاﺳﻞ وﻋﻨﻮان اﺳﻢ
To……. اﻷﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻰ إﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺳﻞ وﻋﻨﻮان اﺳﻢ
Date.. اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ 13th , June,2011 .
Subject ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺼﺎر اﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺮض
. Dear إﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺳﻞ ,اﺳﻢ
How are you? I send this e-mail to
ﻣﺼﺪراﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع..
Best wishes,
اﻟﺮاﺳﻞ اﺳﻢ
"Nassif:Good Luck SM"