Human Body Systems & Major Organs
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Brief overview of homeostasis, the 11 human body systems and major organs. This presentation has been used in my role as Divisional Training Officer for St John Ambulance (SA) Inc. Power point materials are free with support materials available for a minimal donation of just $2.00. - Training Session Plan (2 pages, based on two-hour session). Download here: http://gum.co/EROE - Handouts for Participants (5 pages). Download here: http://gum.co/FWGk
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Human Body Systems & Major Organs
- 1. HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS & MAJOR ORGANS Introduction to the Human Body PREPARED BY: KRISTY A BENNETT. SOME RIGHTS RESERVED. R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 2. INTRODUCTION ο Role as Trainer ο Materials ο Handouts ο Always ask approach ο Confused ο Meaning of words / terminology ο How it relates ο Outcomes ο Identify organ systems ο Name a major organ from each PREPARED BY: KRISTY A BENNETT. S O ME R I G H T S R E S E R V E D . R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 3. ORGAN SYSTEMS OVERVIEW ο Levels of organisation ο Organ system level ο Atoms ο Group of organs that have close ο Molecules interactions. ο Interact with other systems also. ο Cells ο Tissue ο Organ ο Something that affects a ο Organ System system will ultimately affect ο Organism each of the systems components. ο There are 11 interdependent, interconnected organ systems. R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 4. HOMEOSTASIS ο Homeo β unchanging ο Statis β standing ο βThe bodyβs automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant internal environment within a dynamic state of equilibrium.β ο Internal conditions change/vary (oscilate) within narrow limits. ο Two mechanisms ο Autoregulation β when a tissue, organ or organ system responds automatically ο Extrinsic regulation β when response results from the action of one of the two organ systems that control or adjust the function of many other systems simultaneously R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 5. INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM ο Major Organs ο Functions ο Skin ο Protects against environmental ο Hair hazards ο Helps regulate body ο Sweat glands temperature ο Nails ο Provides sensory information R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 6. SKELETAL SYSTEM ο Major Organs ο Function ο Bones ο Provides support and protection ο Cartilages for other tissues ο Stores calcium and other ο Associated ligaments minerals ο Bone marrow ο Forms blood cells R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 7. MUSCULAR SYSTEM ο Major Organs ο Function ο Skeletal muscles ο Provides movement ο Associated tendons ο Provides protection and support for other tissues ο Generates heat that maintains body temperature R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 8. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ο Major Organs ο Function ο Teeth ο Processes and digests food ο Tongue ο Absorbs and conserves water ο Pharynx ο Absorbs nutrients (ions, water, ο Esophagus and the breakdown products of dietary sugars, protiens and ο Stomach fats) ο Small instestine ο Stores energy reserves ο Large intestine ο Liver ο Gall bladder ο Pancreas R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 9. URINARY SYSTEM ο Major Organs ο Function ο Kidneys ο Excretes waste products from ο Ureters the blood ο Controls water balance by ο Urinary bladder regulating volume of urine ο Urethra producted ο Stores urine prior to voluntary elimination ο Regulates blood ion concentrations and pH R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 10. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ο Major Organs ο Function ο Nasal cavities ο Delivers air to alveoli (sites in ο Sinuses lungs where gas exchange occurs) ο Larynx ο Provides oxygen to blood ο Trachea stream ο Bronchi ο Removes carbon dioxide from ο Lungs blood stream ο Alveoli ο Produces sounds for communication R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 11. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM ο Major Organs ο Function ο Heart ο Distributes blood cells, water ο Blood and dissolved materials including nutrients, waste ο Blood vessels products, oxygen, and carbon ο Arteries dioxide ο Veins ο Distributes heat and assists in ο capillaries control of body temperature R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 12. LYMPHOID SYSTEM ο Major Organs ο Function ο Spleen ο Defends against infection and ο Thymus disease ο Returns tissue fluids to the ο Lymphatic vessels blood stream ο Lymph nodes ο Tonsils R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 13. NERVOUS SYSTEM ο Major Organs ο Function ο Brain ο Directs immediate responses to ο Spinal cord stimuli ο Coordinates or moderates ο Peripheral nerves activities of other organ systems ο Sense organs ο Provides and interprets sensory information about external conditions R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 14. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ο Major Organs ο Function ο Pituitary gland ο Directs long term changes in the ο Thyroid gland activities of other organ systems ο Adjusts metabolic activity and ο Pancreas energy use by the body ο Suprarenal glands ο Controls many structural and ο Gonads (testes and ovaries) functional changes during ο Endocrine tissue in other development systems R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 15. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM - MALE ο Major Organs ο Function ο Testes ο Produces male sex cells ο Epididymis (sperm), suspending fluids and hormones ο Ductus deferens ο Sexual intercourse ο Seminal vesicles ο Prostate gland ο Penis ο Scrotum R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 16. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM - FEMALE ο Major Organs ο Function ο Ovaries ο Produces female sex cells ο Uterine tubes (oocytes) and hormones ο Supports developing embryo ο Uterus from conception to delivery ο Vagina ο Provides milk to nourish ο Labia newborn infant ο Clitoris ο Sexual intercourse ο Mammary glands R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 17. TEAM BASED EXERCISE ο How well do you know the human body? ο Where would someone complain of pain if they: ο ruptured their kidney, ο had an inflamed appendix, or ο bronchitis? ο See how you go! R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 18. TEAM BASED EXERCISE ο Lungs ο Thoracic Spine (12) ο 3 lobe and 2 lobe ο Lumbar Spine (7) ο Heart ο Large Intestine ο Diaphragm ο Ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid ο Kidneys ο Stomach ο Liver ο Appendix ο Pancreas ο Bronchus ο Trachea ο Aorta ο Vena Cava ο Bladder R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 19. EXERCISE REVIEW ο How did you go? ο Were they in the correct location? ο How would you describe each location in hand over? R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.
- 20. QUESTIONS? ο Any questions for me? ο Questions for you ο What is the holistic purpose of organ systems? ο What is homeostasis? ο What are the organ systems and what is one major organ of each? ο Feedback ο One thing you have learnt tonight isβ¦ ο Something you enjoyed isβ¦ ο General sense of the evening wasβ¦ R E S O U R C E D F R O M: MA R T I N I F . H . , N A T H , J . L . , 2 0 0 9 , F U N D A ME N T A L S O F A N A T O M Y AND PHYSIOLOGY, 8TH EDN, PEARSON EDUCATION INC, SAN FRANCISCO CA.