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Can we hack open
            source #cloud platforms
                to help reduce
                  emissions?
                                       Tom Raftery
                         cloudstack collaboration conference 2012,
                                         Las Vegas


                                            1

Saturday 1 December 12
Tom Raftery
                                                            • Lead analyst, energy and
                                                                sustainability practice,
                                                                RedMonk

                                                            • CIX, Chip & Zenith
                                                            • GreenMonk.net
                                                            • twitter.com/tomraftery
                                                            • tom@redmonk.com
                                                            • +34 677 695 468
                                                            • SlideShare.net/TomRaftery
                                                 2

Saturday 1 December 12
CIX, Chip & Zenith - involvement with Cloud, going back to mid 90’s
Data?




                         http://www.wspenvironmental.com/media/docs/ourlocations/usa/NRDC-WSP_Cloud_Computing.pdf

                                                                    3

Saturday 1 December 12
WSP Environmental & NRDC report on cloud says cloud can reduce emissions - good
However:
Lots of assumptions
No real data
Garret FitzGerald 1926-2011




                                                    4

Saturday 1 December 12
Unlikely politician - highly intelligent academic, unimpeachable integrity, head in the clouds(!)
Garret FitzGerald




                                     Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/caribb/5391899550/

                                                              5

Saturday 1 December 12
Before he became a politician -
In 1949 analyzed the earliest published Aeroflot timetables, and produced one of the first accurate
estimations of the size of Russia's airliner fleet - previously a closely guarded secret
Garret FitzGerald




                                      Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/steve_brace/2568478072/

                                                                  6

Saturday 1 December 12
KGB thought he was a spy!

And look an image with KGB logo - and a sleeping cat!

Proving there’s no such thing as security by obscurity & the internet rocks!
Cloud problem



                         No transparency



                                7

Saturday 1 December 12
Problem




                    http://greenmonk.net/2011/07/21/carbon-disclosure-projects-emissions-reduction-claims-for-cloud-computing-are-flawed/

                                                                                     8

Saturday 1 December 12
Something I have been blogging about for quite a while
Problem




                                      http://greenmonk.net/2012/01/09/is-cloud-computing-green/

                                                                 9

Saturday 1 December 12
And giving conference talks about it as well
Problem




                         http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/23/technology/data-centers-waste-vast-amounts-of-energy-belying-industry-image.html

                                                                                    10

Saturday 1 December 12
Data centers use vast amounts of electricity

Typically only 6-12% of the electricity powering their servers goes to perform computations - McKinsey &
Co.

Rest used to keep servers idling and ready in case of a surge in activity - dynamic provisioning - i.e. the
elastic in ec2!
Energy ≠ Emissions



                                                  11

Saturday 1 December 12
NYT article was good but concentrated on energy
Bear in mind that energy use and emissions are not necessarily related
Energy is not a proxy for emissions
Facebook




                               Photo http://www.facebook.com/album.php?id=193287527693&aid=183026

                                                              12

Saturday 1 December 12
A practical example of this is...
Prineville site
Open Compute - open sourced the design of DC & hardware!
Energy
        “As of the end of Q3 2011, the Prineville data center
        had a power usage effectiveness (PUE) of 1.08...
        much lower than the industry standard of 1.5.

        Facebook’s energy consumption per unit of computing
        power has declined by 38%”




                            http://opencompute.org/about/energy-efficiency/

                                                  13

Saturday 1 December 12
Emissions




                                          http://www.pacificorp.com/es/mining.html

                                                           14

Saturday 1 December 12
58% of its energy from coal
12% from gas
=> over 70% from fossil fuel directly.

22.5% is purchased from other suppliers so could also be fossil fuel.
Dublin




                         http://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2011/08/07/lightning-in-dublin-knocks-amazon-microsoft-data-centers-offline/

                                                                                          15

Saturday 1 December 12
Microsoft
Amazon
Google
IBM
SunGard
Digital Realty Trust

All have significant DC’s in Dublin
Emissions


             Ireland sources 84% of electricity from fossil fuels




                          http://www.eirgrid.com/operations/systemperformancedata/electricitystatistics/

                                                                  16

Saturday 1 December 12
Emissions


            UK sources >90% of its electricity from fossil fuels




                                              https://restats.decc.gov.uk/cms/national-renewables-statistics/

                                                                            17

Saturday 1 December 12
“Renewables contribution to UK electricity generation was 9.4% in 2011”
Emissions




                                            http://www.pacificorp.com/es/mining.html

                                                             18

Saturday 1 December 12
The carbon intensity of a data center’s electricity is more important than it’s efficiency!
Cloud providers




                                  19

Saturday 1 December 12
Partial list of cloud companies
Clean cloud providers




                                                20

Saturday 1 December 12
Rackspace’s UK data center runs on 100% renewable power
Google have large renewable investments and their operations are carbon neutral
Clean cloud providers




                                                21

Saturday 1 December 12
Greenqloud are based in Iceland where elec is 100% renewable
Clean cloud providers




                                   http://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/sustainable-energy/

                                                          22

Saturday 1 December 12
Amazon claim 0 carbon for two of their regions
Clean cloud providers




                                 https://twitter.com/jeffbarr/status/251306461836222464
                                                         23

Saturday 1 December 12
 but demur when asked to back up the claim

How can we verify it is true?
*Sound of crickets chirping*
Problem



                          Data?



                            24

Saturday 1 December 12
Cloud emissions data




                                  25

Saturday 1 December 12
Partial list of cloud companies
Cloud emissions data
                       providers




                                 http://www.sapsustainabilityreport.com/greenhouse-gas-footprint

                                                               26

Saturday 1 December 12
This is as granular as the data gets!
Cloud emissions data
                       providers




                                 http://www.salesforce.com/company/sustainability/savings.jsp
                                                             27

Saturday 1 December 12
Completely inaccurate depending on where in EU on premise is being hosted
If hosted in France or Spain with low carbon intensity - move to Salesforce could increase emissions
Wothout Salesforce emissions data, how do we know?
Cloud emissions data
                       providers




                                http://www.salesforce.com/company/sustainability/impact.jsp

                                                           28

Saturday 1 December 12
Reports 2 weeks late
Gives data for carbon saved, not carbon emitted
Cloud emissions data
                       providers




                                         http://my.greenqloud.com
                                                   29

Saturday 1 December 12
Also publishing CO2 savings, as opposed to emissions
Why don’t they?




                            Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/pahudson/7742561802/

                                                     30

Saturday 1 December 12
Competitive intelligence
Why don’t they?




                           Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/nathanmarciniak/2207977707/

                                                       31

Saturday 1 December 12
Hide their emissions
Why don’t they?




                              http://www.flickr.com/photos/jwgreen/340528570/

                                                   32

Saturday 1 December 12
Lack of reporting standards
Outcome


            “If you can’t measure it, you
            can’t manage it”



                                               33

Saturday 1 December 12
Lack of focus on emissions => increased emissions
Reminder


          A quick recap of 2012 so far...




                            34

Saturday 1 December 12
Recap




                                                                                           35

Saturday 1 December 12
In	
  the	
  third	
  quarter	
  alone,	
  crop	
  produc2on	
  dropped	
  $12	
  billion	
  “due	
  to	
  this	
  summer’s	
  severe	
  heat	
  and	
  drought.”	
  	
  
Drop	
  in	
  US	
  farm	
  inventories	
  was	
  so	
  sharp	
  in	
  the	
  last	
  quarter	
  that	
  it	
  wiped	
  0.2%	
  off	
  of	
  U.S.	
  GDP	
  in	
  the	
  latest	
  revision.
In	
  Texas,	
  the	
  drought	
  has	
  killed	
  more	
  than	
  300	
  million	
  trees.	
  
Nearly	
  98%	
  of	
  Nebraska	
  is	
  in	
  extreme	
  to	
  excep2onal	
  drought	
  —	
  3	
  months	
  ago,	
  none	
  of	
  it	
  was!

hSp://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/09/30/929381/epic-­‐dust-­‐bowl-­‐of-­‐2012-­‐con2nues/
Recap




   http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/06/27/us-usa-wildfires-idUSBRE85L1DD20120627        http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19433715




                                                                                     36

Saturday 1 December 12
One of the worst wildfire seasons on record
Wildfires in US and EU
Recap




     http://edition.cnn.com/2012/09/29/world/asia/pakistan-floods/index.html        http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19767627




                                                                              37

Saturday 1 December 12
Serious floods
Recap




                                 http://phys.org/news/2012-11-sea-levels-faster-ipcc.html

                                                           38

Saturday 1 December 12
Sea-levels rising 60% faster than IPCC projections
28 November in journal Environmental Research Letters
rate of 3.2mm/year compared to 2mm/year in IPCC report
Recap




                            http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/07/02/us-usa-weather-records-idUSBRE8611EL20120702



                                                                     39

Saturday 1 December 12
From June 25th - July 1st 2012 in US 2,171 US records broken or matched
In June 2012 that number is 3,215
Recap




                    http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2012/09/arctic-sea-ice-extent-settles-at-record-seasonal-minimum/


                                                                          40

Saturday 1 December 12
Huge issues of ice loss in the arctic
Recap




                   http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2012/09/arctic-sea-ice-extent-settles-at-record-seasonal-minimum/


                                                                          41

Saturday 1 December 12
Lack of focus on emissions => increased emissions
Recap




                   http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2012/09/arctic-sea-ice-extent-settles-at-record-seasonal-minimum/


                                                                          42

Saturday 1 December 12
Minimum was 760,000 square kilometers (293,000 square miles) below previous record minimum extent
in the satellite record, which occurred on September 18, 2007. This is an area about the size of the state
of Texas.
3.29 million square kilometers (1.27 million square miles) below the 1979 to 2000 average minimum,
representing an area nearly twice the size of the state of Alaska
18% below 2007 and 49% below the 1979 to 2000 average
Recap




                                      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YegdEOSQotE


                                                         43

Saturday 1 December 12
That’s not to mention the issue of arctic methane - what its effects will be are, as yet, unknown (but they
won’t be good!)
Recap




                         http://www.unep.org/newscentre/Default.aspx?DocumentID=2698&ArticleID=9338&l=en
                                                                 44

Saturday 1 December 12
Not factored into emissions accounting or climate models before now
Can lead to infrastructure failure
climate projections indicate substantial loss of permafrost by 2100
Positive feedback
Cloud?

               Cloud computing’s emissions don’t directly cause all these
                                                                  issues.

                                      But they do play a significant part.




                                         45

Saturday 1 December 12
Solution?



                           Open Source



                                46

Saturday 1 December 12
Here’s where we can help
Solution?




                            47

Saturday 1 December 12
Solution?




                                     http://www.flickr.com/photos/fabricio/3549693646/

                                                           48

Saturday 1 December 12
Why write patches foropen source cloud platforms?
Solution?




                                    http://www.flickr.com/photos/dixieroadrash/3769522479/

                                                            49

Saturday 1 December 12
Get the update accepted back into the core
Solution?




                                         http://www.amee.com/products/
                                                      50

Saturday 1 December 12
Companies like AMEE already provide API’s for this kind of info
Solution?




                                        http://www.eucalyptus.com/about/customers

                                                          51

Saturday 1 December 12
And thus distributed with next update
Solution?




                                        http://www.cloudstack.org/users.html

                                                        52

Saturday 1 December 12
And thus distributed with next update
Solution?




                                        http://www.openstack.org/foundation/companies/

                                                             53

Saturday 1 December 12
And thus distributed with next update
btw




                                        https://www.mastodonc.com/dashboard

                                                       54

Saturday 1 December 12
The Mastodon C dashboard gives stats on emissions from various cloud providers - in case you’re
interested in keeping your cloud emissions down.
Lot of it is guestimated data - need real data.
Carbon




                         http://www.pwc.com/gx/en/sustainability/publications/low-carbon-economy-index/index.jhtml
                                                                         55

Saturday 1 December 12
PwC - largest of the "Big Four" accountancy firms
2012 carbon report found CO2 emissions reductions of 0.8% from 2000-2011
To stop Global Warming exceeding 2C
Need to reduce CO2 emissions by 5.1% every year until 2050
Good News




                                       http://www.flickr.com/photos/traftery/7202866726/

                                                             56

Saturday 1 December 12
Jim Hagemann Snabe - co-CEO of SAP
Wants SAP to be “a leader in this space”
Good News




                                     http://solidfire.com/fueled-by-solidfire/cloudsigma/

                                                             57

Saturday 1 December 12
Robert Jenkins, CEO of CloudSigma (Swiss based Carbon Neutral cloud co.)
Getting ready to implement this
Good News




                                          http://my.greenqloud.com
                                                    58

Saturday 1 December 12
GreenQloud are going to contribute their code to CloudStack in Q2 next year
Conclusion

              Adding emissions metrics & reporting to
            cloud computing will help reduce emissions.



                         Question is - is anyone up for it?



                                         59

Saturday 1 December 12
Thanks!
                               Contact information:

                                     Tom Raftery
                 Principal Analyst, Energy & Sustainability, RedMonk

                               Tom@redmonk.com,
                                 GreenMonk.net,
                              Twitter.com/tomraftery
                                 +34 677 695 468

                                         60

Saturday 1 December 12

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Can we hack open source cloud platforms to help reduce emissions? cloudstack collab

  • 1. Can we hack open source #cloud platforms to help reduce emissions? Tom Raftery cloudstack collaboration conference 2012, Las Vegas 1 Saturday 1 December 12
  • 2. Tom Raftery • Lead analyst, energy and sustainability practice, RedMonk • CIX, Chip & Zenith • GreenMonk.net • twitter.com/tomraftery • tom@redmonk.com • +34 677 695 468 • SlideShare.net/TomRaftery 2 Saturday 1 December 12 CIX, Chip & Zenith - involvement with Cloud, going back to mid 90’s
  • 3. Data? http://www.wspenvironmental.com/media/docs/ourlocations/usa/NRDC-WSP_Cloud_Computing.pdf 3 Saturday 1 December 12 WSP Environmental & NRDC report on cloud says cloud can reduce emissions - good However: Lots of assumptions No real data
  • 4. Garret FitzGerald 1926-2011 4 Saturday 1 December 12 Unlikely politician - highly intelligent academic, unimpeachable integrity, head in the clouds(!)
  • 5. Garret FitzGerald Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/caribb/5391899550/ 5 Saturday 1 December 12 Before he became a politician - In 1949 analyzed the earliest published Aeroflot timetables, and produced one of the first accurate estimations of the size of Russia's airliner fleet - previously a closely guarded secret
  • 6. Garret FitzGerald Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/steve_brace/2568478072/ 6 Saturday 1 December 12 KGB thought he was a spy! And look an image with KGB logo - and a sleeping cat! Proving there’s no such thing as security by obscurity & the internet rocks!
  • 7. Cloud problem No transparency 7 Saturday 1 December 12
  • 8. Problem http://greenmonk.net/2011/07/21/carbon-disclosure-projects-emissions-reduction-claims-for-cloud-computing-are-flawed/ 8 Saturday 1 December 12 Something I have been blogging about for quite a while
  • 9. Problem http://greenmonk.net/2012/01/09/is-cloud-computing-green/ 9 Saturday 1 December 12 And giving conference talks about it as well
  • 10. Problem http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/23/technology/data-centers-waste-vast-amounts-of-energy-belying-industry-image.html 10 Saturday 1 December 12 Data centers use vast amounts of electricity Typically only 6-12% of the electricity powering their servers goes to perform computations - McKinsey & Co. Rest used to keep servers idling and ready in case of a surge in activity - dynamic provisioning - i.e. the elastic in ec2!
  • 11. Energy ≠ Emissions 11 Saturday 1 December 12 NYT article was good but concentrated on energy Bear in mind that energy use and emissions are not necessarily related Energy is not a proxy for emissions
  • 12. Facebook Photo http://www.facebook.com/album.php?id=193287527693&aid=183026 12 Saturday 1 December 12 A practical example of this is... Prineville site Open Compute - open sourced the design of DC & hardware!
  • 13. Energy “As of the end of Q3 2011, the Prineville data center had a power usage effectiveness (PUE) of 1.08... much lower than the industry standard of 1.5. Facebook’s energy consumption per unit of computing power has declined by 38%” http://opencompute.org/about/energy-efficiency/ 13 Saturday 1 December 12
  • 14. Emissions http://www.pacificorp.com/es/mining.html 14 Saturday 1 December 12 58% of its energy from coal 12% from gas => over 70% from fossil fuel directly. 22.5% is purchased from other suppliers so could also be fossil fuel.
  • 15. Dublin http://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2011/08/07/lightning-in-dublin-knocks-amazon-microsoft-data-centers-offline/ 15 Saturday 1 December 12 Microsoft Amazon Google IBM SunGard Digital Realty Trust All have significant DC’s in Dublin
  • 16. Emissions Ireland sources 84% of electricity from fossil fuels http://www.eirgrid.com/operations/systemperformancedata/electricitystatistics/ 16 Saturday 1 December 12
  • 17. Emissions UK sources >90% of its electricity from fossil fuels https://restats.decc.gov.uk/cms/national-renewables-statistics/ 17 Saturday 1 December 12 “Renewables contribution to UK electricity generation was 9.4% in 2011”
  • 18. Emissions http://www.pacificorp.com/es/mining.html 18 Saturday 1 December 12 The carbon intensity of a data center’s electricity is more important than it’s efficiency!
  • 19. Cloud providers 19 Saturday 1 December 12 Partial list of cloud companies
  • 20. Clean cloud providers 20 Saturday 1 December 12 Rackspace’s UK data center runs on 100% renewable power Google have large renewable investments and their operations are carbon neutral
  • 21. Clean cloud providers 21 Saturday 1 December 12 Greenqloud are based in Iceland where elec is 100% renewable
  • 22. Clean cloud providers http://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/sustainable-energy/ 22 Saturday 1 December 12 Amazon claim 0 carbon for two of their regions
  • 23. Clean cloud providers https://twitter.com/jeffbarr/status/251306461836222464 23 Saturday 1 December 12 but demur when asked to back up the claim How can we verify it is true? *Sound of crickets chirping*
  • 24. Problem Data? 24 Saturday 1 December 12
  • 25. Cloud emissions data 25 Saturday 1 December 12 Partial list of cloud companies
  • 26. Cloud emissions data providers http://www.sapsustainabilityreport.com/greenhouse-gas-footprint 26 Saturday 1 December 12 This is as granular as the data gets!
  • 27. Cloud emissions data providers http://www.salesforce.com/company/sustainability/savings.jsp 27 Saturday 1 December 12 Completely inaccurate depending on where in EU on premise is being hosted If hosted in France or Spain with low carbon intensity - move to Salesforce could increase emissions Wothout Salesforce emissions data, how do we know?
  • 28. Cloud emissions data providers http://www.salesforce.com/company/sustainability/impact.jsp 28 Saturday 1 December 12 Reports 2 weeks late Gives data for carbon saved, not carbon emitted
  • 29. Cloud emissions data providers http://my.greenqloud.com 29 Saturday 1 December 12 Also publishing CO2 savings, as opposed to emissions
  • 30. Why don’t they? Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/pahudson/7742561802/ 30 Saturday 1 December 12 Competitive intelligence
  • 31. Why don’t they? Photo http://www.flickr.com/photos/nathanmarciniak/2207977707/ 31 Saturday 1 December 12 Hide their emissions
  • 32. Why don’t they? http://www.flickr.com/photos/jwgreen/340528570/ 32 Saturday 1 December 12 Lack of reporting standards
  • 33. Outcome “If you can’t measure it, you can’t manage it” 33 Saturday 1 December 12 Lack of focus on emissions => increased emissions
  • 34. Reminder A quick recap of 2012 so far... 34 Saturday 1 December 12
  • 35. Recap 35 Saturday 1 December 12 In  the  third  quarter  alone,  crop  produc2on  dropped  $12  billion  “due  to  this  summer’s  severe  heat  and  drought.”     Drop  in  US  farm  inventories  was  so  sharp  in  the  last  quarter  that  it  wiped  0.2%  off  of  U.S.  GDP  in  the  latest  revision. In  Texas,  the  drought  has  killed  more  than  300  million  trees.   Nearly  98%  of  Nebraska  is  in  extreme  to  excep2onal  drought  —  3  months  ago,  none  of  it  was! hSp://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/09/30/929381/epic-­‐dust-­‐bowl-­‐of-­‐2012-­‐con2nues/
  • 36. Recap http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/06/27/us-usa-wildfires-idUSBRE85L1DD20120627 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19433715 36 Saturday 1 December 12 One of the worst wildfire seasons on record Wildfires in US and EU
  • 37. Recap http://edition.cnn.com/2012/09/29/world/asia/pakistan-floods/index.html http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19767627 37 Saturday 1 December 12 Serious floods
  • 38. Recap http://phys.org/news/2012-11-sea-levels-faster-ipcc.html 38 Saturday 1 December 12 Sea-levels rising 60% faster than IPCC projections 28 November in journal Environmental Research Letters rate of 3.2mm/year compared to 2mm/year in IPCC report
  • 39. Recap http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/07/02/us-usa-weather-records-idUSBRE8611EL20120702 39 Saturday 1 December 12 From June 25th - July 1st 2012 in US 2,171 US records broken or matched In June 2012 that number is 3,215
  • 40. Recap http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2012/09/arctic-sea-ice-extent-settles-at-record-seasonal-minimum/ 40 Saturday 1 December 12 Huge issues of ice loss in the arctic
  • 41. Recap http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2012/09/arctic-sea-ice-extent-settles-at-record-seasonal-minimum/ 41 Saturday 1 December 12 Lack of focus on emissions => increased emissions
  • 42. Recap http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2012/09/arctic-sea-ice-extent-settles-at-record-seasonal-minimum/ 42 Saturday 1 December 12 Minimum was 760,000 square kilometers (293,000 square miles) below previous record minimum extent in the satellite record, which occurred on September 18, 2007. This is an area about the size of the state of Texas. 3.29 million square kilometers (1.27 million square miles) below the 1979 to 2000 average minimum, representing an area nearly twice the size of the state of Alaska 18% below 2007 and 49% below the 1979 to 2000 average
  • 43. Recap http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YegdEOSQotE 43 Saturday 1 December 12 That’s not to mention the issue of arctic methane - what its effects will be are, as yet, unknown (but they won’t be good!)
  • 44. Recap http://www.unep.org/newscentre/Default.aspx?DocumentID=2698&ArticleID=9338&l=en 44 Saturday 1 December 12 Not factored into emissions accounting or climate models before now Can lead to infrastructure failure climate projections indicate substantial loss of permafrost by 2100 Positive feedback
  • 45. Cloud? Cloud computing’s emissions don’t directly cause all these issues. But they do play a significant part. 45 Saturday 1 December 12
  • 46. Solution? Open Source 46 Saturday 1 December 12 Here’s where we can help
  • 47. Solution? 47 Saturday 1 December 12
  • 48. Solution? http://www.flickr.com/photos/fabricio/3549693646/ 48 Saturday 1 December 12 Why write patches foropen source cloud platforms?
  • 49. Solution? http://www.flickr.com/photos/dixieroadrash/3769522479/ 49 Saturday 1 December 12 Get the update accepted back into the core
  • 50. Solution? http://www.amee.com/products/ 50 Saturday 1 December 12 Companies like AMEE already provide API’s for this kind of info
  • 51. Solution? http://www.eucalyptus.com/about/customers 51 Saturday 1 December 12 And thus distributed with next update
  • 52. Solution? http://www.cloudstack.org/users.html 52 Saturday 1 December 12 And thus distributed with next update
  • 53. Solution? http://www.openstack.org/foundation/companies/ 53 Saturday 1 December 12 And thus distributed with next update
  • 54. btw https://www.mastodonc.com/dashboard 54 Saturday 1 December 12 The Mastodon C dashboard gives stats on emissions from various cloud providers - in case you’re interested in keeping your cloud emissions down. Lot of it is guestimated data - need real data.
  • 55. Carbon http://www.pwc.com/gx/en/sustainability/publications/low-carbon-economy-index/index.jhtml 55 Saturday 1 December 12 PwC - largest of the "Big Four" accountancy firms 2012 carbon report found CO2 emissions reductions of 0.8% from 2000-2011 To stop Global Warming exceeding 2C Need to reduce CO2 emissions by 5.1% every year until 2050
  • 56. Good News http://www.flickr.com/photos/traftery/7202866726/ 56 Saturday 1 December 12 Jim Hagemann Snabe - co-CEO of SAP Wants SAP to be “a leader in this space”
  • 57. Good News http://solidfire.com/fueled-by-solidfire/cloudsigma/ 57 Saturday 1 December 12 Robert Jenkins, CEO of CloudSigma (Swiss based Carbon Neutral cloud co.) Getting ready to implement this
  • 58. Good News http://my.greenqloud.com 58 Saturday 1 December 12 GreenQloud are going to contribute their code to CloudStack in Q2 next year
  • 59. Conclusion Adding emissions metrics & reporting to cloud computing will help reduce emissions. Question is - is anyone up for it? 59 Saturday 1 December 12
  • 60. Thanks! Contact information: Tom Raftery Principal Analyst, Energy & Sustainability, RedMonk Tom@redmonk.com, GreenMonk.net, Twitter.com/tomraftery +34 677 695 468 60 Saturday 1 December 12