心理與行為資料中的因與果-黃從仁
- 20. 類實驗 : 奧斯卡金像獎 & 壽命 (1/2)
Redelmeier & Singh, 2001
曾被提名者均壽79.7
不曾被提名者均壽75.8
社經地位(因)影響壽命(果)嗎?
- 21. 長壽效應在矯正完 immortal time bias 後就不顯著
類實驗 : 奧斯卡金像獎 & 壽命 (2/2)
Sylvestre et al., 2006
倒果為因:活得過久才更有機會被提名
不會被提名
不會被提名
會被提名
會被提名
沒提
有提
- 22. Immortal time bias 在生醫資料庫分析中也常見
生醫範例 : ICU存活率 & 寶可夢療法
Suissa, 2007, 2008
不打算玩
不打算玩
打算玩
打算玩
沒玩
有玩
- 24. 同時性的機率因果 : 規則
可用購物籃分析來找條件機率:P(1|3)≠P(3|1)
( R : apriori {arules} )
TID Items
100 1 3 4
200 2 3 5
300 1 2 3 5
400 2 5
Database D itemset sup.
{1} 2
{2} 3
{3} 3
{4} 1
{5} 3
itemset sup.
{1} 2
{2} 3
{3} 3
{5} 3
Scan D
C1
L1
itemset
{1 2}
{1 3}
{1 5}
{2 3}
{2 5}
{3 5}
itemset sup
{1 2} 1
{1 3} 2
{1 5} 1
{2 3} 2
{2 5} 3
{3 5} 2
itemset sup
{1 3} 2
{2 3} 2
{2 5} 3
{3 5} 2
L2
C2 C2
Scan D
Agrawal et al., 1993
- 25. 實務上很難從症狀推論疾病
範例 : 心理異常症狀 & 疾病分類
Lin & Huang, 2016
size:lift
color:lift
{OutBurst, +9 items} − 58 rules
{Vindictive, +11 items} − 61 rules
{Sleep, +28 items} − 21880 rules
{LotsAlcohol, +24 items} − 357 rules
{FearNeg, +31 items} − 23604 rules
{DepMood, +57 items} − 67543 rules
{Restless, +20 items} − 4338 rules
{DepMood, +62 items} − 28597 rules
{FearSoci, +24 items} − 48262 rules
{FearSoci, +28 items} − 2126 rules
{LotsAlcohol, +39 items} − 1258 rules
{Sleep, +25 items} − 15061 rules
{FearAnx, +28 items} − 17881 rules
{ControlWorry, +20 items} − 12786 rules
{ApartDistress, +16 items} − 249 rules
{FearAnx, +22 items} − 1493 rules
{DepMood, +14 items} − 3996 rules
{DepMood, +40 items} − 27203 rules
{Sleep, +33 items} − 1001 rules
{DepMood, +35 items} − 26671 rules
{Alcohol}
{S.Phobia}
{GAD}
{Drug}
{PTSD}
{SociPhobia}
{MDDH}
{MDD}
{Dysthymia}
{CD}
{Tobacco}
{PanicATT}
{PanicD}
{Agorophobia}
{ODDH}
{ODD}
{SepAnxiety}
{IEDH}
{IED}
LHS
RHS
- 28. 再利用網絡集群演算法來重新分類疾病
( R : infomap.community {igraph} )
範例 : 解構與重建構心理疾病 (2/2)
Lin & Huang, 2016
-
-
A
A
C D
A
C
B
C D
+
+
- 34. 範例 : 雞生蛋? 蛋生雞?
Thurman Fisher, 1988
+
可用granger causality來檢驗
- 35. 範例 : 心理異常症狀的進程
可透過網絡模型的模擬來預測
Lin Huang, 2016
Irr
(a)
(b)
Time
LossInt
DepMood
Appetite
Weight
Sleep
Psychomotor
Fatigue
Worthless
Concentrate
DeathThought
Hopelessness
Esteem
AnxWorry
ControlWorry
Restless
Irr
MuscleTension
DepMood
Appetite
Weight
Sleep
Psychomotor
Fatigue
Worthless
Concentrate
DeathThought
Hopelessness
Esteem
AnxWorry
ControlWorry
Restless
Irr
MuscleTension
LossInt
LossInt
DepMood
Appetite
Weight
Sleep
Psychomotor
Fatigue
Worthless
Concentrate
DeathThought
Hopelessness
Esteem
AnxWorry
ControlWorry
Restless
Irr
MuscleTension
LossInt
DepMood
Appetite
Weight
Sleep
Psychomotor
Fatigue
Worthless
Concentrate
DeathThought
Hopelessness
Esteem
AnxWorry
ControlWorry
Restless
Irr
MuscleTension
LossInt
DepMood
Appetite
Weight
Sleep
Psychomotor
Fatigue
Worthless
Concentrate
DeathThought
Hopelessness
Esteem
AnxWorry
ControlWorry
Restless
Irr
MuscleTension
LossInt
DepMood
Appetite
Weight
Sleep
Psychomotor
Fatigue
Worthless
Concentrate
DeathThought
Hopelessness
Esteem
AnxWorry
ControlWorry
Restless
Irr
MuscleTension
LossInt
DepMood
Appetite
Weight
Sleep
Psychomotor
Fatigue
Worthless
Concentrate
DeathThought
Hopelessness
Esteem
AnxWorry
ControlWorry
Restless
Irr
MuscleTension
LossInt
DepMood
Appetite
Weight
Sleep
Psychomotor
Fatigue
Worthless
Concentrate
DeathThought
Hopelessness
Esteem
AnxWorry
ControlWorry
Restless
Irr
MuscleTension