This document discusses different types of pulpitis and periapical inflammation. It defines pulpitis as inflammation of the dental pulp that can be acute or chronic. Acute pulpitis is further divided into reversible and irreversible types based on whether the inflammation is localized or involves the entire pulp. Chronic pulpitis can be closed or open (hyperplastic). Periapical inflammation ranges from granulomas and cysts to abscesses. Diagnosis involves x-rays and pulp testing to evaluate the pulp chamber and periapical region. Treatment depends on the specific condition but may include removal of irritants, root canals, drainage or extraction.
11. Acute Irreversible Pulpitis
Clinical
Features:
Pain: Sever, spontaneous and
continuous.
Little response to simple
analgesics.
Pain increase when patient lies down.
The etiological factor is obvious.
Aiman A. Ali, DDS, PhD.
12. Acute Irreversible Pulpitis
Histopathological
Features:
Inflammation involves the whole dental pulp.
Vascular dilatation and edema.
Inflammatory [granular cell] infiltration.
Odontoblasts near to the cause are destroyed.
Formation of a minute pulp abscess.
In a few days pulp undergoes liquefaction
and necrosis.
Aiman A. Ali, DDS, PhD.
16. Chronic Pulpitis
Clinical
Features:
Pain: absent or mild to moderate, dull
ache and intermittent.
Reaction to thermal changes is reduced
in comparison to acute pulpitis.
The etiological factor is obvious.
Aiman A. Ali, DDS, PhD.
20. Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis
Pulp Polyp
Etiology:
Opened cavity.
Starts as chronic or acute.
Wide apical foramen [Children].
Aiman A. Ali, DDS, PhD.
21. Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis
Pulp Polyp
Clinical
Features:
Red pinkish soft nodule protruding into the
cavity.
Almost in children and young adults.
Relatively insensitive to manipulation.
Most common in deciduous molars.
Must be differentiate from gingival polyp.
Aiman A. Ali, DDS, PhD.
22.
23. Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis
Pulp Polyp
Histopathological
Features:
The
polyp consists of granulation tissue.
It contains delicate connective tissue, fibers
and blood vessels.
Mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration.
The polyp is covered with SS epithelium.
Aiman A. Ali, DDS, PhD.
27. Acute Abscess
Clinical
Features:
Pain: sever and increases with percussion.
Non-vital tooth.
The tooth is slightly extruded in its socket.
Fever and malaise and regional lymphadenitis.
Osteomyelitis and swollen of the adjacent area.
Aiman A. Ali, DDS, PhD.
28. Acute Abscess
Histopathological
Features:
Zone of liquefaction composed of:
• Exudates.
• Necrotic tissue.
• Dead neutrophils.
Dilated blood vessels.
Inflammatory [granular cell]
infiltration.
Aiman A. Ali, DDS, PhD.
36. X-Ray
Pulpitis:
Evaluation of the pulp
champer.
Evaluation of the periapical
region.
Acute
abscess:
Thickening
of periodontal
membrane.
Loss of the lamina dura.
Aiman A. Ali, DDS, PhD.