“A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF BULLYING IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING AND LEARNING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (EFL) IN 11th GRADERS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS AT C.T.P JOSÉ MARÍA ZELEDÓN BRENES, EL LLANO, DESAMPARADOS, 2019”

UNIVERSIDAD MAGISTER
FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN
CARRERA LICENCIATURA EN LA ENSEÑANZA DEL INGLÉS
MEMORIA DE SEMINARIO DE GRADUACION PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE
LICENCIATURA EN LA ENSEÑANZA DEL INGLÉS
“A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF BULLYING IN THE PROCESS
OF TEACHING AND LEARNING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (EFL)
IN 11th GRADERS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS AT C.T.P JOSÉ MARÍA ZELEDÓN
BRENES, EL LLANO, DESAMPARADOS, 2019”
RAQUEL VILLEGAS GONZÁLEZ
YAZMÍN IVANNIA CASTRO LAO
ENERO, 2019

UNIVERSIDAD MAGISTER
FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN
CARRERA LICENCIATURA EN LA ENSEÑANZA DEL INGLÉS
MEMORIA DE SEMINARIO DE GRADUACION PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE
LICENCIATURA EN LA ENSEÑANZA DEL INGLÉS

People like birds
They are different in their flight
but equal in the right to fly
The appearance of all men and women is like a
“container”, inside it there are people who love,
who suffer, who think and who want to be loved

BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM
Nowadays English language is considered an essential tool
since it has become an indispensable skill to opt for any
source of work. However, the Ministry of Public Education
is not responding to these demands.
Teachers fail to train individuals based on standardized
programs which are not adapted to the necessities of the
students.

PROBLEM STATEMENT
How the bullying interferes in the process of teaching and
learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in 11th
graders with special needs at C.T.P. José María Zeledón
Brenes, El Llano, Desamparados, 2019?

GENERAL OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of bullying in the process of teaching
and learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in 11th
graders with special needs, for developing a remedial plan at
C.T.P. José María Zeledón Brenes, El Llano, Desamparados
2019.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
 To determine the existence of bullying inside the classroom for preventing it or taking
actions.
 To state the interference of bullying in the process of teaching and learning English
as a Foreign Language for a corrective plan.
 To identify the environment of bullying when teaching English as a Foreign Language
(EFL) for advising the community that involves the student with special educational
needs.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
 To analyze the strategies for learning used by students with special needs for
applying them during the English lessons.
 To develop a Proposal for implementing motivation towards teaching English as a
Foreign Language (EFL) in 11th graders as a side exit of bullying.
 To develop a proposal of a set of training strategies that mitigates the effects of
bullying in the English performance of 11th graders.

VARIABLES
 Bullying inside the classroom.
 Interferences of bullying on the process of teaching and learning EFL.
 Bullying in English class environment.
 Learning strategies used by students with special needs.
 Motivation for students with special needs.

CTP JOSÉ MARÍA ZELEDÓN BRENES
The CTP opens on March 18, 2014
It is located in the El Llano, San Miguel
district, Desamparados canton,
province of San José
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

CTP JOSÉ MARÍA ZELEDÓN BRENES
VISION
The CTP José María Zeledón Brenes is an
educational institution, which promotes the integral
formation of the student community, in order to
insert in a competitive society.
MISSION
Become a model institution that promotes
educational quality in the regional and national
scope.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Wars, violence, and desires of power have been present in the humanity history;
the strongest has always imposed its strength on the weakest. According to the
existing bibliography, the word "bully" can be traced back as far as the 1530´s.
Bullying involves basically three people, the victim (the weakest), the bully (the
intimidator, the strength), and the witness (who does not participate in the act).
The ways a bully has to intimidate his victim could be: physical, verbal, and
others, in order to demonstrate his power and superiority.
BULLYING THROUGH HISTORY

BULLYING
Definition of Bullying: Bullying is defined as the intentional use of
force, threat, intimidation, aggressive behavior against others to
dominated and control them.
There are different forms of bullying with the behaviors, including but
not limited to verbal abuse, intimidation, blackmail, physical
coercion, harassment and threats.

TYPES OF BULLYING
 Verbal or written abuse
 Violence
 Sexual harassment
 Homophobia and other hostile
 Discrimination
 Cyberbullying

HOW TO DEAL WITH BULLIED STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS
To counter that risk, educators must be trained to deal with bullying and be able to
create an inclusive environment in which teachers and students all work together
to recognize and minimize bullying behaviors
All teenagers may be subjected to bullying, but studies have found that teenagers
with disabilities are two to three times more likely to be bullied than other
teenagers. For teachers, this increases the challenge of providing them a quality
education

COSTA RICAN STUDENTS AMONG THOSE THAT SUFFER MOST FROM
BULLYING IN AMERICAS
According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and
Development (OECD) as part of their PISA evaluation (Program for
International Student Assessment) 2015, in their report “Students’
Well Being”, which was released at the end of April and includes a
chapter on bullying, Costa Rica is the second country in Latin
America with more bullying cases among the countries that are part
of the OECD

TYPE OF RESEARCH
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH It is “aimed at casting light on current
issues or problems through a process of data collection that enables
them to describe the situation more completely than was possible
without employing this method.”
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH Exploratory research, as the name
implies, intends merely to explore the research questions and does not
intend to offer final and conclusive solutions to existing problems.
METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK

QUANTITATIVE APPROACH It looks to give a descriptive and
statistical overview through specific numbers and results of quantity.
QUALITATIVE APPROACH Focuses on the qualitative research.
“It studies especially the meanings of human actions and social life,
uses interpretive methodology, its interest is focused on describing a
phenomenon in a deep comprehensive manner”
APPROACHES OF THE RESEARCH

SUBJECTS AND SOURCES OF INFORMATION
SUBJECTS The eleventh graders English students who have
educational needs from CTP José María Zeledón Brenes as well as
their teacher.
SOURCES OF INFORMATION Primary sources and secondary
sources

POPULATION AND SAMPLE
POPULATION The population for this investigation are 90 students from
groups of eleventh graders at CTP José María Zeledón Brenes.
SAMPLE The main focus was eleventh graders from CTP José María
Zeledón Brenes applying the instruments to 20 students.

ANALYSIS OF THE OBSERVATION
 Bullying is real inside the classroom since the students are getting accustom to bother their
partners.
 The feeling of being observed or ridiculed by others, it would cause insecurity and frustrate
some students .
 The bullying inside the classroom is psychological because teenagers do not like to be
ridiculed by their classmates.
 The class is limited by repeating what the teacher says.
 The professor motivates his/her students to participate in the lesson by using “pair work” or
“group work”
ANALYSIS OF THE INTERVIEW
 Bullying occurs largely inside the classrooms.
 The presence of certain obstacles to achieve the learning outcomes
 The students are interested in learning.
 The methods are based on cooperative learning, repetitive drill and a communicative
approach.
 The students feel happy, motivated and interested when the teacher gave some rules about
respect to others

ANALYSIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE TO THE STUDENTS
The questionnaire helped the researcher to realize some
factors that affect the learning of the population under study.

STUDENTS WHO HAVE BEEN VICTIM OF BULLYING
Source Castro Yazmín and Villegas Raquel

STUDENTS THAT WATCH BULLYING IN
OTHER CLASSES

OBSTACLES IN TEACHING-LEARNING
PROCESS

THE MOST DIFFICULT SKILL FOR LEARNING
ENGLISH

THERE ARE JOKES FOR STUDENTS WHO HAVE SOME
DIFFICULTY IN ENGLISH CLASSES

STUDENTS WHO ARE SHY IN FRONT OF A CLASS AND GIVING AN
SPEECH

STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS

THE PROFESSOR TAKES INTO CONSIDERATION THAT DO NOT
EVERYBODY LEARNS IN THE SAME WAY

STUDENTS THAT LIKE ENGLISH LESSONS

THE PROFESSOR MOTIVATES STUDENTS TO DO EXERCISES AND PRACTICES IN
THE SUBJECT

• Students used to make fun about the wrong pronunciation. If a
student says something wrong, many classmates start laughing.
This result shows that bullying is a real situation in classrooms.
• The process of teaching and learning English requires the interaction
of all its members actively, bullying in some of the students cause fear
and shame about speaking English in front of their classmates
CONCLUSIONS
• The result shows that the students can be so cruel sometimes and
think that having any kind of adequacy or special needs is something
a person can make fun.

CONCLUSIONS
• In terms of strategies for learning used by students with special needs,
it could be noticed that cooperative learning was a method used in
different times during class time.
• The main conclusion that can be reached after an analysis of the raw
data is that motivation is possibly the main factor affecting foreign
language acquisition by students, followed by other factors.

COST OF THE STUDY
ITEM AMOUNT
UNIT COST
(COLONES)
TOTAL
COST
(COLONES)
TOTAL COST
(DOLLARS)
Transportation 6 1.150,00 3.450 5,77
Papers and printing 400 75,00 30.000 50,00
Professional hours 100 18.136,80 1.813.680 3.032,90
Food and
beverages
6 2.500,00 15.000 25,08
Total 1.862.130 3.113,75

• Encourage “bystanders”, or those who witness the bullying incident,
to speak up against bullying. Instruct them on the importance of
telling adults about the bullying they see, effective ways to
intervene in a bullying situation, and how to reach out in friendship
to victims of bullying.
• Pay attention to students who are cautious, sensitive, anxious,
quiet, and boys who are physically weaker than average or who are
physically handicapped or overweight
RECOMMENDATIONS

RECOMMENDATIONS
• Educate students on certain issues related to bullying. Specifically,
raise awareness by providing students with information about
different participant roles and group mechanisms involved in bullying.
• Teach specific skills and strategies in the classroom such as
emotional awareness, seeing perspectives from other people,
alternative thinking strategies, and problem solving
• Learning English gives many students with special educational needs
opportunities to learn important skills such as listening, speaking,
working with others, noticing things about other people,
understanding social language and expressing opinions.

A PROPOSAL OF A SET OF TRAINING
STRATEGIES THAT MITIGATE THE EFFECT OF
BULLYING IN THE ENGLISH PERFORMANCE OF
11th GRADERS

JUSTIFICATION
When studying students learn more than just a subject, they must also
learn how to behave, this is part of the job of the teachers in their
classrooms in order to avoid any kind of issue. Developing strategies
inside and outside classroom to prevent bullying situations, teachers will
assure that topics for the lessons are going to be work out in the best way
it can be done

GENERAL OBJECTIVE
To provide 11th graders at CTP José María Zeledón Brenes with a
set of strategies to mitigate the effects of bullying for promoting the
good performance of English during those lessons.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
• To design a strategies against bullying to performed during
English class for help teachers environment.
• To elaborate some activities in order to develop each strategy to
guide professors improvement during the English lessons.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROPOSAL
This Proposal includes basically three different aspects:
• Trainings to take advantage of some online courses that are
offered to them by UNED and others.
• Campaigns for students where they will understand that bully
behavior ends in bad situations.
• Activities for classroom where all together can work for avoiding
any kind of violence and construct a peace environment at school
and as a result for their lives.

PURPOSE
As the first free learning instrument is the virtual platform
designed by the Ministry of Public Education (MEP) and the
Omar Dengo Foundation (FOD) to train primary and secondary
school teachers.

DESCRIPTION
It is considered appropriate to list 10 steps for
registration in the virtual platform; the only
requirement is the number of the ID card and
be included in the list of teachers of the MEP.

PROCEDURE
 Enter the official website of the Omar Dengo Foundation
http://www.fod.ac.cr/
 Click on the Virtual Campus tab - Upe, this tab directs to the virtual
platform http://www.upe.ac.cr/
 Click on the word register
 The ID number is entered in the Identification Number field.
 If the teacher is registered in the MEP database, he/she will automatically
complete the form with his first and last names, the next step is to
complete the data, email and password, the email will be used to validate
the account and to recover the password in case he forgets it.

PROCEDURE
 Once the form is completed, the platform tells the teacher that he/she must
perform a verification from the email address he provided
 As the verification message informs him, the next step is to enter the email
account to activate the user on the platform
 When he/she clicks on the link he must inform that the account has been
activated and provides him with the connection data:
 The fields Username and Password are the credentials with which he/she
must enter when he fills in the required fields in the login form.
 If the data has been entered correctly it shows him his portal and profile.

ACTIVITY
Once the teacher enters the virtual platform, she will
proceed to the registration of the courses she wishes to
register. To do this, go to the Offer of courses tab, select the
one of the preferences, later the system will indicate that the
request of interest in the course has been processed.
Following there are two options of courses of interest for this
research that can be developed by the teachers of the
school.

This material will help the promotion of an environment that
encourages tolerance among equals. The visual material by
its nature is used by marketing to introduce a new product or
as an opinion shaper.
AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS FOR STUDENTS

MANUAL OF BULLYING PREVENTION IN EDUCATIONAL
CENTERS
YAZMIN CASTRO LAO

MANUAL OF BULLYING PREVENTION IN EDUCATIONAL
CENTERS

COST OF THE PROPOSAL
ITEM QUANTITY
UNIT
COST
(COLON
ES)
TOTAL
COST
(COLONES)
TOTAL COST
(DOLLARS)
Design 250 4,200 1.050.000 1.842,10
Development 155 4,200 651.000 1.142,10
Transportation N/A N/A 65.000 114,03
Food and beverages N/A N/A 75.000 131,57
Office supplies N/A N/A 40.000 70,17
TOTAL 1.881.000 3.299,97

SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSAL
• Strengths: To have hand to hand everything related to the
management of bullying situations through the courses
offered.
• Weaknesses: Lack of training for its use. Depend on the
computer infrastructure of the high school.
• Opportunities: Provide a tool to the staff of the school to
take better management of the bullying situation.
• Threats: Do not use or maintain it. Resistance to change.

IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSAL
• INSTITUTIONAL IMPACT The consequences developed from this
issue at CTP José María Zeledón Brenes violence are many. For
instance, there is the passive reaction of many students that might
become unaware accomplice of a situation or might imitate the
conduct of which they are exposed to.
• COMMUNITY IMPACT The El Llano community, even thought is not
a big population is benefited by the increase in the educational level of
English at the CTP José María Zeledón Brenes

IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSAL
• PROFESSORS IMPACT It is a fact that professors are beneficiaries
of the educational proposal. The hope is that professors at CTP José
María Zeledón Brenes learned something from this topic and they
should take it seriously. This is an issue that is been costing lives.
• STUDENTS IMPACT The influence to other learners to help people
around them to minimize the effects and problems cause by bullying.

OTHER STUDIES DERIVED
As analysis of the effects of bullying in the English performance of 11th
graders at CTPJosé María Zeledón Brenes, future research should be
conducted in the following directions.
Bullying measurement is an important methodological issue that
contributes to much variance in estimates of prevalence of bullying. The
survey may measure aggression broadly rather than the subset of
aggression which is bullying.
Future studies should pay more attention to the interconnections among
settings of the micro-system (family, school, and community) regarding
bullying among adolescents.

“A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF BULLYING IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING AND LEARNING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (EFL) IN 11th GRADERS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS AT C.T.P JOSÉ MARÍA ZELEDÓN BRENES, EL LLANO, DESAMPARADOS, 2019”

“A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF BULLYING IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING AND LEARNING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (EFL) IN 11th GRADERS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS AT C.T.P JOSÉ MARÍA ZELEDÓN BRENES, EL LLANO, DESAMPARADOS, 2019”

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