Dengue fever (UK /ˈdɛŋɡeɪ/ or US /ˈdɛŋɡiː/), also known as breakbone fever, is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash that is similar to measles. In a small proportion of cases the disease develops into the life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever, resulting in bleeding, low levels of blood platelets and blood plasma leakage, or into dengue shock syndrome, where dangerously low blood pressure occurs.
1. Topic:Topic: Dengue
Fever
Facts we all need to know
School Name : Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya,
Viveknagar, Tripura, West
Affiliated to CBSE, New Delhi
Digital eContent Submitted by:
Name of the Teacher : Mr. Uday Pal(PGT)
Year: 2014-15
Email- udaysc@yahoo.com
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Alternative Names
Onyong- Nyang Fever
West Nile Fever
Break Bone Fever
Dengue like Disease
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Inter play of three factors
WE
The Virus The Mosquito
Interaction
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The Aircraft for Dengue
Aedes aegypti
(Infected Female Mosquito)
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Watch out ! This Mosquito
Day biting – normally catches us unaware
Loves / lives in fresh water in homes
Lays eggs preferentially in jars, discarded containers, coconut
shells, old tires etc.
Year round breeding
Tropical regions like our mother India are its favorite zones.
It is an urban mosquito
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Dengue Fever
Dengue viruses – 4 flavours cause it
It is transmitted by a mosquito- the Aedes aegypti
It is generally an animal virus
Man is accidentally infected
Other vertebrates are the reservoirs
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Types of dengue!
Classical form: Dengue Fever with Muscle pains
this is classical presentation in 90% cases.
Bleeding form: Dengue Fever with bleeding in
7% cases.
Dengue shock: In 3% cases.
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What do we experience ?
2–7 days after the mosquito had its dinner
on us we may develop
Sudden onset of fever, chills, headache
Back pain with severe muscle and joint
pains
Pain behind the eyes and on moving the
eyes
Nick name - Break bone fever- pains so
severe
Red patches or spots on the skin
Mild nose bleeds
This is the ordinary classical
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What is the end result?
Complete recovery is the rule
Severe weakness many persist for many days after the
fever leaves us
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Dengue – The bleeding form
Blood vessels are affected
There is severe oozing into tissues
Bleeding into all possible parts of body
Blood clotting mechanism is disrupted
Blood pressure falls and many end in collapse and death
In the best centers 5% of this type of Dengue will reach their
forefathers
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Symptoms of bleeding form
Bleeding into skin
From Gums
From Nose
Into our food passages
Blood in urine
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Rare types of Dengue ( dengue
shock)
Brain fever
Liver damage
Heart damage
Severe bleeding into
stomach
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What are the tests needed?
Routine blood test
Tests to check the clotting process
Special tests to identify the Dengue or its foot marks in
our blood
Urine to check protein leak
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Treatment of Dengue
Supportive measures – Mosquito screen
Avoid pain killers
Steroids should not be used
Plenty of water and salt are required
Children below 12 require careful watch
for dangerous form
No antibiotics are of proven value
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Child with severe form of
Dengue
Oxygen
IV Fluids
Special Care
See the tubes
every where
Frightening, isn’t it?
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Common Misconceptions
Severe Dengue is only a childhood illness –
No, All ages may be involved
Severe form is a problem of poor families – No, The effluent
do get very sick
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Can we protect ourselves?
There is no vaccine available as yet
But we can prevent the disease by preventing ourselves from
mosquito bite
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Mosquito Control
How to prevent mosquito spread?
1. Do not allow empty vessels, coconut shells,
plastic containers, flower pots, tires etc to collect
rain water in them
2. Frequently (once in 2-3 days) empty all water
storage containers
3. Cover your over tanks to prevent mosquitoes
breeding in fresh water
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How to prevent mosquito bites?
Screen your homes with mosquito
screens
Wear full clothing – long sleeves
Apply mosquito repellents
Keep Dengue fever patient
under mosquito net
True community participation is key