2. AGENDA
Introduction
Schematic Representation of a VANET
Vehicular Communication
VANET Architecture
Applications of VANET
Characteristics
Current Research
Conclusion
References
3. WHAT IS VANET?
A VANET, is a technology that uses moving cars as
nodes in a network to create a mobile network.
It is used to provide communications among nearby
vehicles and between vehicles and nearest fixed
equipment, usually described as roadside equipment.
“VANET make transportation systems more intelligent”
4. Motivation for VANET
Increase safety
Hundreds of thousands of people are killed world-
wide due to road accidents yearly.
Many more are injured.
Traffic optimization
Congestion/traffic jams cost time and fuel.
Both these problems can be solved
by giving timely information to the drivers!
5. Differences from MANET
MANETs VANETs
Unicast and Multicast protocols
in MANETs
Majority of nodes in MANETs
dependent on batteries for their
energy.
Unavailability of infrastructure
VANETs use broadcasting to
provide important control and
route establishment.
VANET nodes are vehicles, so
there are less power and storage
constraints.
Fixed infrastructure for VANETs
7. Vehicular Communication
VANET communicates through Wireless Access for
Vehicular Environments (WAVE).
The WAVE uses different types of Wireless
Commutation devices such as (Wi-Fi / Wi-Max).
The sensors or wireless devices can form a VANET
network which resides on top of the vehicle.
9. Protocol used in VANET
There are no standardized protocols, but a lot of research is
going on in this area. Likewise these are some of the
protocols…
AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector)
OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing Protocol)
DYMO (Dynamic MANET On-Demand)
DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication)
CALM (Cont Air interface for Long & Medium distance)
CVIS (Cooperative Vehicle-Infrastructure System)
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)
11. Staircase approach: An application can select among
multiple service access points to lower layers.
Single-hop layer: communication to direct radio
neighbors.
Multi-hop layer :forwarding packets to non
neighbored nodes using neighbors as forwarders.
Information connector: offering an interface to
events such as “Position Update Events” or “Neighbor
Position Change Events”.
12. IMPLEMENTING PROTOCOLS
In cases of emergencies, the protocol is used to open an instant
communication channel with the vehicle in the most dangerous
situation.
Unicast information packed in a broadcast protocol
Belongs to: Reliable Protocols for a Specific Purpose
12
14. Cont...
Co-operative Collision Warning Lane Change Warning Intersection Collision Warning
Approaching Emergency vehicle Rollover Warning Work Zone Warning
Coupling/Decoupling Inter-Vehicle Communications Electronic Toll Collection
15. VANET Characteristics
The main characteristics of VANETs
High mobility of nodes
No prior information about location of nodes
Predictable topology (to some extent)
The communication link in a VANET is short lived
No problem with power
High possibility to be fragmented
16. Current Research
USA:
1)Vehicle Safety Communications Consortium(VSCC)
2)DSRC/WAVE Technology
3)Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII)
Europe:
1)Car to Car Communication Consortium
2)Network on Wheels (“NOW”)(Germany)
Japan:
Internet ITS Consortium
17. Conclusions
VANETs have many practical applications, but the
most important ones are in terms of active safety.
There are no standardized protocols, but a lot of
research is going on in this area.
VANETs are likely to become the most important
realization of mobile ad hoc networks.
