2. • A ceramic material may be defined as any inorganic crystalline material,
compounded of a metal and a non-metal .
• Ceramics can be classified as Crystalline ceramics & Non-crystalline
ceramics .
• Crystalline ceramic materials are not amenable to a great range of
processing.
• Non-crystalline ceramics, being glasses, tend to be formed from melts. The
glass is shaped when it is fully molten .
3. Glass-ceramic
• Glass-ceramic materials share many properties with both glasses and
ceramics.
• Glass-ceramics have the fabrication advantage of glass as well as special
properties of ceramics.
• Glass-ceramics usually have between 30% [m/m] to 90% [m/m]
crystallinity
• Glass-ceramics have many interesting properties like zero porosity, high
strength, toughness
• low or even negative thermal expansion, high temperature stability .
4. Advanced ceramics VS Traditional ceramics
• large numbers of materials are ceramics.
• The applications for these materials are diverse, from bricks and tiles to
electronic and magnetic components.
• The functions of ceramic products are dependent on their chemical
composition and microstructure , which determines their properties.
• traditional clay-based ceramics have been used forover 25,000 years,
advanced ceramics have generally been developed within the last 100
years
5. • Traditional ceramics are usually based on clay and silica.
• traditional ceramics mainly used with low technology applications .
• Advanced ceramics are also referred to as “special,”“technical,” or
“engineering” ceramics.
• advanced ceramics have superior mechanical properties
• corrosion resistance
• electrical & optical properties.
• magnetic properties.
6. Advanced ceramics applications
• Automotive
• Electronic applications
• Energy and enviroment
• Mechanical engineering
• Medical technology
• Aerospace
• Modern industries
7. Advanced Ceramics in the Automotive Industry
• In engines heat-resistant ceramic parts like valve components
• backings in the crankshaft housing and components for water and fuel
pumps
• To increased efficiency, less wear and lower noise emission.
8.
9. Advanced Ceramics in Equipment and
Mechanical Engineering
• high wear resistance, temperature resistance and a high level of corrosion
resistance
• make ceramics safe than other materials in equipment & mechanical use .
• cutting tools , mechanical pumps
10.
11. Advanced Ceramics in Electronics
• ceramic heat-sinks provide the right climate for high-power electronics.
• Capacitors
• Insulators
12. Advanced Ceramics in Medical Technology
• Biocompatible and wear-resistant advanced ceramics enable doctors to
provide patients with optimum care and help patients master the
challenges of everyday life again.
• Artificial bone
• dental products
13. Advanced Ceramics in Energy and Environment
• Ceramic materials enable safe, low-wear process control .
• reduce emissions and ensure efficient use of resources in many areas of
energy supply and environmental technology.
14. • in the field of environmental technology – for instance in water treatment
or recycling and processing and recycling of waste
• ceramic components ensure long life for parts that are subject to high
stress during conveying, transport or the processing of raw materials,
minerals and resources
• Ceramic materials can withstand extreme temperatures and mechanical
stresses in applications for generating energy in power plant engines and
turbines or in systems for photovoltaics , solar thermal energy conversion,
wind and water power.
15. Aerospace
• Engines ; Shielding a hot running airplane engine from damaging other
components.
• Airframes ; Used as a high-stress, high-temp and lightweight bearing and
structural component.
• Missile nose-cones ; Shielding the missile internals
from heat.
• Space Shuttle tiles .
• Rocket nozzles, withstands and focuses the exhaust of the rocket booster.
16. Modern industry
• Zirconium dioxide ceramics are used in the manufacture of knives. The
blade of the ceramic knife will stay sharp for much longer than that of a
steel knife
• Ceramics such as alumina, boron carbide and silicon carbide have been
used in bulletproof vests
• Silicon nitride parts are used in ceramic ball bearings. Their higher
hardness means that they are much less susceptible to wear and can offer
more than triple lifetimes.
• High-tech ceramic is used in watchmaking for producing watch cases. The
material is valued by watchmakers for its light weight, scratch-resistance,
durability and smooth touch.
