Patterns in Test Automation
Building a Test Automation Framework is easy - there are so many resources / guides / blogs / etc. available to help you get started and help solve the issues you get along the journey. However, building a "good" Test Automation Framework is not very easy. There are a lot of principles and practices you need to use, in the right context, with a good set of skills required to make the Test Automation Framework maintainable, scalable and reusable. Design Patterns play a big role in helping achieve this goal of building a good and robust framework. In this talk, we will talk about, and see examples of various types of patterns you can use for: Build your Test Automation Framework Test Data Management Locators / IDs (for finding / interacting with elements in the browser / app) Using these patterns you will be able to build a good framework, that will help keep your tests running fast, and reliably in your CI / CD setup!
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Patterns in Test Automation
- 1. PATTERNS OF A “GOOD” TEST AUTOMATION FRAMEWORK, LOCATORS & DATA! Anand Bagmar Test Practice Lead
- 4. Code Quality
- 5. What is a Design Pattern?
- 7. Have you heard-of or used any Patterns for Test Automation?
- 8. COMMON PATTERNS USED IN TEST AUTOMATION ¨ Page-Object ¨ Business Layer ¨ Singleton ¨ Composition ¨ Factory ¨ Builder
- 10. Case Study
- 12. Code sample - #1
- 16. PAGE OBJECT PATTERN Model pages in code Simulates user actions One place change Reduces code duplication Snippets of page
- 17. AUTOMATION FRAMEWORK WITH PAGE OBJECTS
- 18. Code sample - #2
- 19. As the framework evolves ….
- 20. AUTOMATION FRAMEWORK WITH PAGE OBJECTS
- 21. Code sample - #3
- 22. LIMITATIONS OF PAGE-OBJECT PATTERN ¨ Test intent gets polluted ¨ Duplication of Test intent & implementation ¨ Intent becomes Imperative ¨ Maintenance challenges ¨ Scaling challenges
- 25. Code sample - #4
- 26. ADVANTAGES OF BUSINESS-LAYER PAGE-OBJECT PATTERN ¨ Validate what is important - Business requirements ¨ Test Pyramid remains sane ¨ Abstraction layers allow separation-of-concerns ¨ Changes are isolated ¨ Maintenance & Scaling becomes ‘easier’
- 28. Why do we need to think differently about Test Data?
- 29. CRITERIA FOR TEST DATA ¨ Data is complex ¨ Needs to mimic “real” data ¨ Needs to be unique ¨ Data can be nested ¨ Though specified as static, may need to be Dynamic ¨ Data can be shared and reused
- 30. DIFFERENT WAYS TO SPECIFY TEST DATA ¨ In Test implementation ¨ In Test specification / intent ¨ In code … separate data structures / classes / etc. ¨ External files
- 31. TEST DATA SPECIFICATION EXAMPLES ¨ Excel ¨ CSV ¨ Property ¨ XML ¨ YAML ¨ Database ¨ Json
- 32. Code sample - #5
- 33. CRITERIA FOR SELECTION ¨ Easy to specify ¨ Easy to read and consume (by test framework) ¨ Ability to override specified data, easily ¨ Usable
- 34. TIPS FOR IMPLEMENTATION ¨ Consistent way to specify test data ¨ Read the data – as Business Entities ¨ Override as appropriate ¨ Create DSL to give meaning to data ¨ Use in test implementation ¨ Implement Test Data Entity Utilities – Build, Equals, Copy, Find, etc.
- 36. DIFFERENT WAYS TO SPECIFY ELEMENT LOCATORS ¨ In Page-Objects ¨ In separate files, per Page-Object ¨ In external files / locator files
- 37. Advantages of using Patterns for Test Automation
- 38. ADVANTAGES OF PATTERNS ¨ Well known, well understood ¨ Tried & tested solutions for common problems ¨ Reduces complexity ¨ Language neutral ¨ Aid in communication
- 39. ADVANTAGES OF PATTERNS IN TEST AUTOMATION Saves time & effort (eventually) Single ownership Test Automation Code is of Production Quality! Single point of change Easy to – - Implement - Maintain - Debug - Scale
- 40. WHICH IS THE “BEST” PATTERN TO USE ?
- 42. REFERENCES Page Objects – Google https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects Page Objects – Martin Fowler http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html Perils of Page-Object Pattern – Anand Bagmar http://essenceoftesting.blogspot.in/2014/09/perils-of-page-object-pattern.html Test Design Consideration http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/06_test_design_considerations.jsp