Its to showcase our ongoing research on Bio-diesel and its future prospective as an alternate fuel to conventional fossil diesel.

1. Biodiesel-Fuel Of Tomorrow
-Abhishek Saraswat
-Ravi Sharma
-Shubham Silswal

2. What is Biodiesel?
It is a renewable and natural domestic
fuel extracted from animal fats or
vegetable oils, mostly soya
bean,rapeseed,corn, etc.
Biodiesel is a general name for methyl
esters from organic feedstock.

3. Biodiesel: What isn’t it ?
 Non- esterified oils and fats
 Non- esterified oils and fats blended
with petroleum-diesel
 Partially esterified oils and fats
 A blend of biodiesel and petroleum
diesel

4. Properties Of Biodiesel
A liquid of different colors, from golden to dark brown
variants
 non-miscible with water with a high boiling point
higher flash point than that of petroleum diesel.
less denser then water with density of about ~ 0.88 g/cm.
higher cetane ratings.
Its calorific value is recorded to be about 37.27 MJ/L, which is
9% less than veritable petro diesel.
Sulphur free emissions.
Non-Toxic

5. Raw Materials
 Rapeseed, the major source (>80%)
 Sunflower oil (10%, Italy and Southern France)
 Soybean oil (USA)
 Palm oil (Malaysia)
 Linseed, olive oils (Spain)
 Cottonseed oil (Greece)
 Jatropha (Asia)

6. Biodiesel Production Process
 Biodiesel is produced from vegetable oils or animal fats and
an alcohol, through a Transesterification reaction.
 Stages of Transesterification:
 Treatment of Raw Material
 Alcohol Catalyst Mixing
 Chemical Reaction
 Separation of Reaction Products
 Purification of Reaction Products

7. Transesterification
Transesterification is a chemical reaction where
triglyceride is reacted with alcohol in the presence of
catalyst to produce alkyl esters.
Every 100 gallons of oil produces about 100 gallons of
biodiesel and 10 gallons of glycerol.

8. Acid-catalyzed
Transesterification
Acid catalyzed Transesterification is very slow compared to
base-catalyzed Transesterification.
Suitable for oil that has higher FFAs.
Acid Transesterification is necessary as a preliminary stage, to
reduce the level of FFAs

9. Base Catalyzed
Transesterification
Most popular of all method
>90% of all bio diesel by this method
Low temperature and pressure

10. B100
B100 refers 100% biodiesel and 0%
diesel fuel.
Biodiesel is a very good solvent.
B100 freezes at much higher
temperature than conventional
diesel.
Biodiesel is not compatible with
certain hoses and gaskets.
Biodiesel is not compatible with
certain metals and plastics.

11. Blending Of Biodiesel
0 50 100
B2
B5
B10
B20
B100
Biodiesel Petroleum diesel
Biodiesel blend-blend of
biodiesel fuel with
petroleum-based diesel fuel ,
designated BXX, where XX is
the volume percent of
biodiesel.

12. Advantages of Biodiesel
Biodegradable, nontoxic, renewable
High flash point (300°F or higher)
Biodiesel reduces life-cycle greenhouse gas
emissions.
Lower emissions than petroleum diesel
Locally produced biodiesel supports the local
economy
Biodiesel improves engine operation and
easy to blend.

13. Environmental & Socio-
Economic Benefits
Reduction of waste
 Extremely low emission of greenhouse gases compared to
fossil fuels
Growing variety of crops increases bio-diversity
Increase in trade balance (Indian perspective) due to lesser
dependence on foreign resources
Biodiesel can be used as supplement for home heating oil

14. Disadvantages of Biodiesel
Some biodiesel may begin to cloud and gel at temperatures as
high as 15°C.
Old fuel can become acidic and form sediments and varnish.
Rubber hoses of some old engines are attacked by biodiesel.
fuel efficiency is reduced by 1 to 2% if conventional diesel is
replaced by blended B20.
Biodiesel may be reactive with brass and copper.

15. Conclusion
 It is significant to remember that as biodiesel may be considered as a
better alternate for petro diesel
 Lesser use of non-renewable resources is lastly the only solution to the
problems like climatic changes, green house effect and other similar global
issues.
 Appropriate use of technology greater efficiency of production and
conservation of resources are only the pathways for our society to extend
enjoyment of quality life.

16. Thank You !!