2. production
Production can be explained as an act of either
manufacturing or mining or growing of goods
(commodities) generally in bulk for trade.
Production is a method employed for making or
providing essential goods and services for consumers.
It is a process that puts intangible inputs like ideas,
creativity, research, knowledge, wisdom, etc. in use or
action. It is a way that transforms (convert) tangible
inputs like raw-materials, semi-finished goods and
unassembled goods into finished goods or
commodities.
3. system
System is an arrangement or assembly of inter-
dependent processes (activities) that are based on
some logic and function. It operates as a whole and is
designed (build) with an intension to achieve (fulfill)
some objective or do some work. Huge systems are
often a collection (assembly) of smaller sub-systems.
4. Definition of production system
Production system may be defined as,
"The methods, procedure or arrangement which
includes all functions required to accumulate (gather)
the inputs, process or reprocess the inputs, and deliver
the marketable output (goods)."Production system
utilizes materials, funds, infrastructure, and labour to
produce the required output in form of goods.
5. Types of Production
Systems
1. Flow Process 2.Intermittent
Production
A. Mass
Production
B. Assembly
production
A. Job Production
C. Batch Production
B. Project
Production
6. Basic Types of Production Processes
Intermittent Production System
Production is performed on a start-and-stop basis,
such as for the manufacture of made-to-order products.
Done to produce small volume and high diversity
products.
Mass Production
A special type of intermittent production process
using standardized methods and single-use machines
to produce long runs of standardized items.
Usually used to produce small volume and low
diversity products.
8. Job and Batch Process
Specified types are services or tasks are performed in
different departments.
In Batch production batches are produced in different
time by same machineries. Exp- tablet production in
pharmaceutical industries.
9. Assembly
production
It is a type of
Production system in
which the assembly of
different equipment
takes place to produce
the final product
Exp- Manufacturing
of car.
10. Basic Types of Production Processes (cont’
Continuous Production
Processes
A production process, such as
those used by chemical plants or
refineries, that runs for very long
periods without the start-and-stop
behavior associated with
intermittent production.
Enormous capital investments
are required for highly automated
facilities that use special-purpose
equipment designed for high
volumes of production and little
or no variation in the type of
outputs
